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| diagram the charge distribution of a membrane: Molecular Biology of the Cell , 2002 |
| diagram the charge distribution of a membrane: Progress in Surface and Membrane Science J. F. Danielli, M. D. Rosenberg, D. A. Cadenhead, 2013-10-22 Progress in Surface and Membrane Science, Volume 4 covers the developments in the study of surface and membrane science. The book discusses waves at interfaces; recent investigations on the thickness of surface layers; and surface analysis by low-energy electron diffraction and Auger electron spectroscopy. The text also describes the anode electrolyte interface; the interactions of adsorbed proteins and polypeptides at interfaces; and peptide-induced ion transport in synthetic and biological membranes. The monolayer adsorption on crystalline surfaces is also considered. Chemists and metallurgists will find the book invaluable. |
| diagram the charge distribution of a membrane: Fundamentals of Membrane Separation Technology Zhan Wang, 2024-01-23 Fundamentals of Membrane Separation Technology provides a comprehensive and systematic introduction to this environmentally friendly separation process. Using a structured format that promotes comprehension and implementation each chapter provides overviews, principles, materials and preparation, and industrial applications. Each chapter then concludes with future prospects, references, and end of chapter exercises. Written for students and professionals, this book is an ideal reference for those who wish to better understand the fundamentals and applications of membrane technology. - Evaluates present and future applications of more recently developed membranes in energy conversion, biomedical components, controlled release devices, and environmental engineering - Provides a comprehensive overview of all aspects of membranes and their applications - Includes numerous industrial case studies, practical examples, and questions |
| diagram the charge distribution of a membrane: Handbook of Lipid Membranes Cyrus R. Safinya, Joachim O. Rädler, 2021-09-14 This handbook provides a unique overview of lipid membrane fundamentals and applications. The fascinating world of lipids that harbor and govern so many biological functionalities are discussed within the context of membrane structures, interactions, and shape evolution. Beyond the fundamentals in lipid science, this handbook focuses on how scientists are building bioinspired biomimetic systems for applications in medicine, cosmetics, and nanotechnology. Key Features: Includes experimental and theoretical overviews on the role of lipids, with or without associated biomolecules, as structural components imparting distinct membrane shapes and intermembrane interactions Covers the mechanisms of lipid-membrane curvature, by peptide and protein binding, and the roles of signalling lipids and the cytoskeleton in plasma membrane shape evolution Covers advanced X-ray and force measurement techniques Discusses applications in biomedicine, cosmetics, and nanotechnology, including lipid vectors in nucleic acid, drug delivery in dermal applications, and lipid-based sensors and artificial biointerfaces Covers artificial membranes from block copolymers, synthetic copolypeptides, and recombinant proteins Includes an exciting section that explores the role of lipids in the origin of life in hydrothermal conditions This book is a highly informative companion for professionals in biophysics, biochemistry, physical chemistry, and material and pharmaceutical sciences and bioengineering. |
| diagram the charge distribution of a membrane: College Physics Textbook Equity Edition Volume 2 of 3: Chapters 13 - 24 An OER from Textbook Equity, 2016-02-11 This text is intended for one-year introductory courses requiring algebra and some trigonometry, but no calculus. College Physics is organized such that topics are introduced conceptually with a steady progression to precise definitions and analytical applications. The analytical aspect (problem solving) is tied back to the conceptual before moving on to another topic. Each introductory chapter, for example, opens with an engaging photograph relevant to the subject of the chapter and interesting applications that are easy for most students to visualize. For manageability the original text is available in three volumes . Original text published by Openstax College (Rice University) www.textbookequity.org |
| diagram the charge distribution of a membrane: Electrical Double Layers in Biology Konrad Bach, 2012-12-06 A number of apparently unrelated phenomena in biological systems (e.g., biopolymer aggregation, cell-cell interactions, ion transport across membranes) arise from the special properties of charged surfaces. A sym posium entitled Electrical Double Layers in Biology, which took place at the Toronto meeting of the Electrochemical Society, 12-17 May 1985, focused on the common features of these phenomena. The papers presented at that symposium are collected here and they illustrate ways in which an under standing of electrical double layers can elucidate a problem in Biology. An example of this approach can be seen from the paper I presented on ion transport and excitation, where the unusual ion flows during nerve excitation are actually expected if one includes the effects of electrical double layers at membrane surfaces. Furthermore, the selectivity of the ion channels in these membranes can be better understood on this basis. Other presentations account for such observations as the changes in spacing between muscle proteins during contraction, the interactions of red cells to form rouleaux, the electrical properties of algal cell membranes, electrokinetic potentials during blood flow in arteries, etc. I trust that these papers will indicate the value of electrochemistry in the study of biological systems, an area of research usually called Bioelectrochemistry, and will encourage biologists to use these ideas when approaching related problems. |
| diagram the charge distribution of a membrane: Membrane Structural Biology Mary Luckey, 2008-03-17 Membrane Structural Biology brings together a physicochemical analysis of the membrane with the latest structural biology on membrane lipids and proteins to offer an exciting portrayal of biomembranes. Written with remarkable clarity, this text appears at a time when membranes have moved back into the scientific spotlight and will provide a unique foundation for advanced students and working scientists. The structure, function, and biogenesis of membrane lipids and proteins are examined, bioinformatics and computational approaches to membrane components are introduced, and the high-resolution structures that are giving new insights into the vital roles membranes play are discussed. The many correlations between membrane research and human health are discussed and key themes for future work in this area are identified. Membrane structural biology is poised to answer many basic and applied questions and this cutting-edge text will provide a solid grounding for all those working in this field. |
| diagram the charge distribution of a membrane: Surface and Colloid Science Egon Matijevic, 2013-04-17 |
| diagram the charge distribution of a membrane: Cellular Neurobiology John Chad, H. V. Wheal, 1991 Brings together a large number of techniques which are useful in exploring the functions of molecules, and the resolution of neurobiological processes at the cellular level. |
| diagram the charge distribution of a membrane: Anatomy & Physiology Lindsay Biga, Devon Quick, Sierra Dawson, Amy Harwell, Robin Hopkins, Joel Kaufmann, Mike LeMaster, Philip Matern, Katie Morrison-Graham, Jon Runyeon, 2019-09-26 A version of the OpenStax text |
| diagram the charge distribution of a membrane: Ion Interactions in Energy Transfer Biomembranes G. C. Papageorgiou, J. Barber, S. Papa, 2012-12-06 The Expert Committee on Biomaterials and Biotechnology for the European and the North American Region was founded by the General Assembly of UNESCO at its 21st Session, in 1981. The Committee comprises a Coordinating Group and four working Groups, defined in the following scientific areas: Group I Proteins: source, structure and function. Group II Nucl~ic acids: the hereditary materials. Group III Im~une materials and mechanisms. Membranes and transport in biosystems. Group IV In fulfilment of one of the objectives of the Committee, which have been adopted by the General Assembly of UNESCO in 1981, namely the intensification of the exchange of scientific information on biomaterials and biotechnology, working Group IV organized an international workshop on Ion Interactions in Energy Transport Systems, which was convened in Athens, Greece, from 8 to 12 April, 1985. Scientific papers presented at that workshop make up the chapters presented in this volume. The present volume focusses on natural and artificial membranes that are involved in energy transduction. Several chapters are devoted to membranes and membrane components that convert and utilize light, such as the thylakoid membrane of oxygenic photosynthetic organisms (eukaryotic and prokaryotic), the chromatophore membrane of nonoxygenic photosynthetic bacteria and the purple membrane of the halophilic bacteria. Other systems examined include the mitochondrial membranes and their adenine nucleotide carrier, the plasma membrane of animal cells, and lipid bilayer vesicles, either reconstituted or not, with enzymes. |
| diagram the charge distribution of a membrane: Biological Membranes Ove Sten-Knudsen, 2002-09-26 A comprehensive discussion of biological mass transfer and bioelectrical phenomena, written by a leading authority in the field. |
| diagram the charge distribution of a membrane: Electrostatic Effects in Soft Matter and Biophysics Christian Holm, Patrick Kékicheff, Rudolf Podgornik, 2012-12-06 Soft Condensed Matter commonly deals with materials that are mechanically soft and, more importantly, particularly prone to thermal fluctuation effects. Charged soft matter systems are especially interesting: they can be manufactured artificially as polyelectrolytes to serve as superabsorbers in dypers, as flocculation and retention agents, as thickeners and gelling agents, and as oil-recovery process aids. They are also abundant in living organisms, mostly performing important structural (e.g. membranes) and functional (e.g. DNA) tasks. The book describes the many areas in soft matter and biophysics where electrostatic interactions play an important role. It offers in-depth coverage of recent theoretical approaches, advances in computer simulation, and novel experimental techniques. Readership: Advanced undergraduate level in physics, physical chemistry, and theoretical biochemistry. |
| diagram the charge distribution of a membrane: Physical Principles of Electro-Mechano-Biology Christian Brosseau, 2023-09-01 This book covers the recently developed understanding of Electro-Mechano-Biology (EMB) in which the focus is primarily on the couplings between the electric and mechanical fields. The emphasis lies on the analytical and computational aspects of EMB at the cellular level. The book is divided into two parts. In the first part, the author starts by defining and discussing the relevant basic aspects of the electrical and mechanical properties of cell membranes. He provides an overview of some of the ways analytical modelling of cell membrane electrodeformation (ED) and electroporation (EP) appears in a variety of contexts as well as a contemporary account of recent developments in computational approaches that can feature in the theory initiative, particularly in its attempt to describe the cohort of activities currently underway. Intended to serve as an introductory text and aiming to facilitate the understanding of the field to non-experts, this part does not dwell on the set of topics, such as cellular mechanosensing and mechanotransduction, irreversible EP, and atomistic molecular dynamics modelling of membrane EP. The second (and larger) part of the book is devoted to a presentation of the necessary analytical and computational tools to illustrate the ideas behind EMB and illuminate physical insights. Brief notes on the history of EMB and its many applications describing the variety of ideas and approaches are also included. In this part, the background of the first principles and practical calculation methods are discussed to highlight aspects that cannot be found in a single volume. |
| diagram the charge distribution of a membrane: Efflux-Mediated Antimicrobial Resistance in Bacteria Xian-Zhi Li, Christopher A. Elkins, Helen I. Zgurskaya, 2016-11-09 This book, written by leading international experts, provides a comprehensive, current examination of transport-mediated antimicrobial resistance. As a particularly powerful mechanism of multidrug resistance, an in-depth examination of efflux pumps is conducted with bacteria of major public health concern including Enterobacteriaceae, Acinetobacter, Neisseria, Pseudomonas, staphylococci, and mycobacteria. The content spans structural biochemistry and transport mechanisms of the major transporter families and considers individual drug efflux systems across various Gram-positive and Gram-negative species. Genomic analysis of efflux pump distribution and their contribution to clinically-relevant resistance are a major focus of the text. Moreover, interplay between drug efflux pumps and other key resistance mechanisms such as intrinsic drug impermeability, inactivation, and target alterations are discussed, as well as their molecular expression-based regulation and physiological functions beyond resistance, involving biofilms, stress response, and pathogenicity. Finally, strategies are addressed to target this drug resistance mechanism with novel antimicrobials or drug inhibitor adjuvants. |
| diagram the charge distribution of a membrane: Advances in Planar Lipid Bilayers and Liposomes Aleš Iglič︎, 2010-09-28 Advances in Planar Lipid Bilayers and Liposomes, Volume 11, includes invited chapters on a broad range of topics, covering both of the main arrangements of the reconstituted system, namely planar lipid bilayers and spherical liposomes. The invited authors present the latest results of their own research groups in this exciting multidisciplinary field. This volume addresses the broader goal with both systems, planar lipid bilayers and spherical liposomes, which is the further development of this interdisciplinary field worldwide. - Incorporates contributions from newcomers and established and experienced researchers - Explores the planar lipid bilayer systems and spherical liposomes from both theoretical and experimental perspectives - Serves as an indispensable source of information for new scientists |
| diagram the charge distribution of a membrane: Physics and Chemistry Basis of Biotechnology M. de Cuyper, Jeff W.M. Bulte, 2006-04-11 At the end of the 20th century, a tremendous progress was made in biotechnology in its widest sense. This progress was largely possible as a result of joint efforts of top academic researchers in both pure fundamental sciences and applied research. The surplus value of such interdisciplinary approaches was clearly highlighted during the 9th European Congress on Biotechnology that was held in Brussels, Belgium (11-15 July, 1999). The present volume in the ‘Focus on Biotechnology’ series, entiteld ‘Physics and Chemistry Basis for Biotechnology’ contains selected presentations from this meeting, A collection of experts has made serious efforts to present some of the latest developments in various scientific fields and to unveil prospective evolutions on the threshold of the new millenium. In all contributions the emphasis is on emerging new areas of research in which physicochemical principles form the foundation. In reading the different chapters, it appears that more than ever significant advances in biotechnology very often depend on breakthroughs in the biotechnology itself (e.g. |
| diagram the charge distribution of a membrane: Intermediate Physics for Medicine and Biology Russell K. Hobbie, Bradley J Roth, 2007-03-12 This text bridges the gap between introductory physics and its application to the life sciences. It is intended for advanced undergraduates and beginning graduate students. The Fourth Edition is updated to include new findings, discussion of stochastic processes and expanded coverage of anatomy and biology. The text includes many problems to test the student's understanding, and chapters include useful bibliographies for further reading. Its minimal prerequisites and wide coverage make it ideal for self-study. The fourth edition is updated throughout to reflect new developments. |
| diagram the charge distribution of a membrane: Modern Aspects of Electrochemistry John O'M. Bockris, Brian E. Conway, Ralph E. White, 2012-12-06 Integrating both theoretical and applied aspects of electrochemistry, this acclaimed monograph series presents a review of the latest advances in the field. The current volume includes chapters on the mechanism of nerve excitation from an electrochemical standpoint, the electronic factor in the kinetics of charge-transfer reaction, and five other subjects. |
| diagram the charge distribution of a membrane: VLSI Circuits for Biomedical Applications Krzysztof Iniewski, 2008 Supported with over 280 illustrations and over 160 equations, the book offers cutting-edge guidance on designing integrated circuits for wireless biosensing, body implants, biosensing interfaces, and molecular biology. You discover innovative design techniques and novel materials to help you achieve higher levels circuit and system performance. |
| diagram the charge distribution of a membrane: Cell Components Hans-Ferdinand Linskens, John F. Jackson, 2012-12-06 Modern Methods of Plant Analysis When the handbook Modern Methods of Plant Analysis was first introduced in 1954 the considerations were 1. the dependence of scientific progress in biology on the improvement of existing and the introduction of new methods; 2. the inavailability of many new analytical methods concealed in specialized journals not normally accessible to experimental plant biologists; 3. the fact that in the methods sections of papers the description of methods is frequently so compact, or even sometimes so incomplete, that experiments are difficult to reproduce. These considerations still stand today. The series was highly successful, seven volumes appearing between 1956 and 1964. Since today there is still a demand for the old series, the publisher has decided to resume publication of Modern Methods of Plant Analysis. It is hoped that the New Series will be as acceptable to those working in plant sciences and related fields as the early volumes undoubtedly were. It is difficult to single out the major reasons for success of any publication, but we believe that the methods published in the first series were up-to-date at the time and the descriptions as applied to plant material so complete in themselves that there was little need to consult other publications. |
| diagram the charge distribution of a membrane: Fuel Cell Systems Explained Andrew L. Dicks, David A. J. Rand, 2018-03-14 Since publication of the first edition of Fuel Cell Systems Explained, three compelling drivers have supported the continuing development of fuel cell technology. These are: the need to maintain energy security in an energy-hungry world, the desire to move towards zero-emission vehicles and power plants, and the mitigation of climate change by lowering of CO2 emissions. New fuel cell materials, enhanced stack performance and increased lifetimes are leading to the emergence of the first truly commercial systems in applications that range from fork-lift trucks to power sources for mobile phone towers. Leading vehicle manufacturers have embraced the use of electric drive-trains and now see hydrogen fuel cells complementing advanced battery technology in zero-emission vehicles. After many decades of laboratory development, a global but fragile fuel cell industry is bringing the first commercial products to market. This thoroughly revised edition includes several new sections devoted to, for example, fuel cell characterisation, improved materials for low-temperature hydrogen and liquid-fuelled systems, and real-world technology implementation. Assuming no prior knowledge of fuel cell technology, the third edition comprehensively brings together all of the key topics encompassed in this diverse field. Practitioners, researchers and students in electrical, power, chemical and automotive engineering will continue to benefit from this essential guide to the principles, design and implementation of fuel cell systems. |
| diagram the charge distribution of a membrane: Biological Markers in Psychiatry and Neurology Earl Usdin, Israel Hanin, 2013-10-22 Biological Markers in Psychiatry and Neurology is a collection of papers that details the advancement in the understanding of the biological markers that stems from psychiatric and neurological pathologies. The text first covers topics about various biological markers, such as neurochemical, enzymatic, membrane, receptors, endocrine, and physiological. Next, the selection examines the relationship between alcohol abuse and biological papers. The next part covers the genetic aspects of biological markers. The text also deals with use of tomography and modeling theory. The book will be of great use to students, researchers, and practitioners of neurology and psychiatry. Psychologists will also benefit from the text. |
| diagram the charge distribution of a membrane: Essential Medical Physiology Leonard R. Johnson, 2003-10-14 Essential Medical Physiology, Third Edition, deals with the principal subjects covered in a modern medical school physiology course. This thoroughly revised version includes chapters on general physiology as well as cardiovascular, respiratory, renal, gastrointestinal, endocrine, central nervous system, and integrative physiology. It contains clinical notes, chapter outlines with page numbers, 2-color figures throughout, and new chapters on Exercise, Diabetic Ketoacidosis, and Maternal Adaptations in Pregnancy. Among the contributors to this indispensible textbook are leading physiologists Leonard R. Johnson, Stanley G. Schultz, H. Maurice Goodman, John H. Byrne, Norman W. Weisbrodt, James M. Downey, D. Neil Granger, Frank L. Powell, Jr., James A. Schafer, and Dianna A. Johnson. This text is recommended for medical, graduate, and advanced undergraduate students studying physiology, physicians, and clinical specialists as well as anyone interested in basic human physiology. - Includes clinical notes - Key Points summarize most important information - Contains chapter outlines with page numbers - 2-color figures throughout - New chapters on Exercise, Diabetic Ketoacidosis, and Maternal Adaptations in Pregnancy |
| diagram the charge distribution of a membrane: Polymer Membranes T. deV. Naylor, 1996 This report describes the constitution and application of polymeric membranes in separation processes. The separation processes covered are reverse osmosis and nanofiltration, ultrafiltration, gas separation, pervaporation and ion exchange. An additional indexed section containing several hundred abstracts from the Rapra Polymer Library database provides useful references for further reading. |
| diagram the charge distribution of a membrane: Modern Electrochemistry 2B John O'M. Bockris, Amulya K.N. Reddy, Maria E. Gamboa-Aldeco, 1998 This long awaited and thoroughly updated version of the classic text (Plenum Press, 1970) explains the subject of electrochemistry in clear, straightforward language for undergraduates and mature scientists who want to understand solutions. Like its predecessor, the new text presents the electrochemistry of solutions at the molecular level. The Second Edition takes full advantage of the advances in microscopy, computing power, and industrial applications in the quarter century since the publication of the First Edition. Such new techniques include scanning-tunneling microscopy, which enables us to see atoms on electrodes; and new computers capable of molecular dynamics calculations that are used in arriving at experimental values. Chapter 10 starts with a detailed description of what happens when light strikes semi-conductor electrodes and splits water, thus providing in hydrogen a clean fuel. There have of course been revolutionary advances here since the First Edition was written. The book also discusses electrochemical methods that may provide the most economical path to many new syntheses - for example, the synthesis of the textile, nylon. The broad area of the breakdown of material in moist air, and its electrochemistry is taken up in the substantial Chapter 12. Another exciting topic covered is the evolution of energy conversion and storage which lie at the cutting edge of clean automobile development. Chapter 14 presents from a fresh perspective a discussion of electrochemical mechanisms in Biology, and Chapter 15 shows how new electrochemical approaches may potentially alleviate many environmental problems. |
| diagram the charge distribution of a membrane: Biochemistry of Lipids, Lipoproteins and Membranes Neale Ridgway, Roger McLeod, 2008-03-14 Research on the biochemistry and molecular biology of lipids and lipoproteins has experienced remarkable growth in the past 20 years, particularly with the realization that many different classes of lipids play fundamental roles in diseases such as heart disease, obesity, diabetes, cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. The 5th edition of this book has been written with two major objectives. The first objective is to provide students and teachers with an advanced up-to-date textbook covering the major areas of current interest in the lipid field. The chapters are written for students and researchers familiar with the general concepts of lipid metabolism but who wish to expand their knowledge in this area. The second objective is to provide a text for scientists who are about to enter the field of lipids, lipoproteins and membranes and who wish to learn more about this area of research. All of the chapters have been extensively updated since the 4th edition appeared in 2002. - Represents a bridge between the superficial coverage of the lipid field found in basic biochemistry text books and the highly specialized material contained in scientific review articles and monographs - Allows scientists to become familiar with recent developments related to their own research interests, and will help clinical researchers and medical students keep abreast of developments in basic science that are important for subsequent clinical advances - Serves as a general reference book for scientists studying lipids, lipoproteins and membranes and as an advanced and up-to-date textbook for teachers and students who are familiar with the basic concepts of lipid biochemistry |
| diagram the charge distribution of a membrane: Molecular Basis of Nerve Activity J.-P. Changeux, Ferdinand Hucho, A. Maelicke, E. Neumann, 2019-07-08 No detailed description available for Molecular Basis of Nerve Activity. |
| diagram the charge distribution of a membrane: Microwaves in Organic Synthesis Antonio de la Hoz, André Loupy, 2013-02-26 The third edition of the bestselling two-volume reference covers everything you need to know about microwave technology for synthesis - from the best equipment to nonthermal effects, from solid-support reactions to catalysis. Completely revised and updated with half of the authors completely new to the project, this comprehensive work is clearly divided into two parts on the fundamentals of microwave irradiation, and application of microwaves and synergies with other enabling techniques. Also new to this edition are chapters on on-line monitoring, flow chemistry, combination with ultrasounds and natural products, including multicomponent reactions. An indispensable source for organic, catalytic, physical, and medicinal chemists. |
| diagram the charge distribution of a membrane: Current Topics in Membranes and Transport , 1984-06-30 Current Topics in Membranes and Transport |
| diagram the charge distribution of a membrane: Information Processing And Living Systems Vladimir B Bajic, Tin Wee Tan, 2005-06-01 Information processing and information flow occur in the course of an organism's development and throughout its lifespan. Organisms do not exist in isolation, but interact with each other constantly within a complex ecosystem. The relationships between organisms, such as those between prey or predator, host and parasite, and between mating partners, are complex and multidimensional. In all cases, there is constant communication and information flow at many levels.This book focuses on information processing by life forms and the use of information technology in understanding them. Readers are first given a comprehensive overview of biocomputing before navigating the complex terrain of natural processing of biological information using physiological and analogous computing models. The remainder of the book deals with “artificial” processing of biological information as a human endeavor in order to derive new knowledge and gain insight into life forms and their functioning. Specific innovative applications and tools for biological discovery are provided as the link and complement to biocomputing.Since “artificial” processing of biological information is complementary to natural processing, a better understanding of the former helps us improve the latter. Consequently, readers are exposed to both domains and, when dealing with biological problems of their interest, will be better equipped to grasp relevant ideas. |
| diagram the charge distribution of a membrane: Advanced Transport Phenomena P. A. Ramachandran, 2014-09-25 Integrated, modern approach to transport phenomena for graduate students, featuring examples and computational solutions to develop practical problem-solving skills. |
| diagram the charge distribution of a membrane: Fluid Dynamics in Complex Fractured-Porous Systems Boris Faybishenko, Sally M. Benson, John E. Gale, 2015-07-07 Despite of many years of studies, predicting fluid flow, heat, and chemical transport in fractured-porous media remains a challenge for scientists and engineers worldwide. This monograph is the third in a series on the dynamics of fluids and transport in fractured rock published by the American Geophysical Union (Geophysical Monograph Series, Vol. 162, 2005; and Geophysical Monograph, No. 122, 2000). This monograph is dedicated to the late Dr. Paul Witherspoon for his seminal influence on the development of ideas and methodologies and the birth of contemporary fractured rock hydrogeology, including such fundamental and applied problems as environmental remediation; exploitation of oil, gas, and geothermal resources; disposal of spent nuclear fuel; and geotechnical engineering. This monograph addresses fundamental and applied scientific questions and is intended to assist scientists and practitioners bridge gaps in the current scientific knowledge in the areas of theoretical fluids dynamics, field measurements, and experiments for different practical applications. Readers of this book will include researchers, engineers, and professionals within academia, Federal agencies, and industry, as well as graduate/undergraduate students involved in theoretical, experimental, and numerical modeling studies of fluid dynamics and reactive chemical transport in the unsaturated and saturated zones, including studies pertaining to petroleum and geothermal reservoirs, environmental management and remediation, mining, gas storage, and radioactive waste isolation in underground repositories. Volume highlights include discussions of the following: Fundamentals of using a complex systems approach to describe flow and transport in fractured-porous media. Methods of Field Measurements and Experiments Collective behavior and emergent properties of complex fractured rock systems Connection to the surrounding environment Multi-disciplinary research for different applications |
| diagram the charge distribution of a membrane: Microfluidic Devices in Nanotechnology Challa S. S. R. Kumar, 2010-11-29 Explores the latest applications arising from the intersection of nanotechnology and microfluidics In the past two decades, microfluidics research has seen phenomenal growth, with many new and emerging applications in fields ranging from chemistry, physics, and biology to engineering. With the emergence of nanotechnology, microfluidics is currently undergoing dramatic changes, embracing the rising field of nanofluidics. This volume reviews the latest devices and applications stemming from the merging of nanotechnology with microfludics in such areas as drug discovery, bio-sensing, catalysis, electrophoresis, enzymatic reactions, and nanomaterial synthesis. Each of the ten chapters is written by a leading pioneer at the intersection of nanotechnology and microfluidics. Readers not only learn about new applications, but also discover which futuristic devices and applications are likely to be developed. Topics explored in this volume include: New lab-on-a-chip systems for drug delivery Integration of microfluidics with nanoneuroscience to study the nervous system at the single-cell level Recent applications of nanoparticles within microfluidic channels for electrochemical and optical affinity biosensing Novel microfluidic approaches for the synthesis of nanomaterials Next-generation alternative energy portable power devices References in each chapter guide readers to the primary literature for further investigation of individual topics. Overall, scientists, researchers, engineers, and students will not only gain a new perspective on what has been done, but also the nanotechnology tools they need to develop the next generation of microfluidic devices and applications. Microfluidic Devices for Nanotechnology is a two-volume publication, the first ever to explore the synergies between microfluidics and nanotechnology. The first volume covers fundamental concepts; this second volume examines applications. |
| diagram the charge distribution of a membrane: Nanoscale Biophysics of the Cell Mohammad Ashrafuzzaman, 2018-04-12 Macroscopic cellular structures and functions are generally investigated using biological and biochemical approaches. But these methods are no longer adequate when one needs to penetrate deep into the small-scale structures and understand their functions. The cell is found to hold various physical structures, molecular machines, and processes that require physical and mathematical approaches to understand and indeed manipulate them. Disorders in general cellular compartments, perturbations in single molecular structures, drug distribution therein, and target specific drug-binding, etc. are mostly physical phenomena. This book will show how biophysics has revolutionized our way of addressing the science and technology of nanoscale structures of cells, and also describes the potential for manipulating the events that occur in them. |
| diagram the charge distribution of a membrane: Essential Human Anatomy and Physiology Barbara Ruth Landau, 1976 |
| diagram the charge distribution of a membrane: Membrane Toxicity M. W. Miller, 2012-12-06 Research on the study of membrane toxicity has advanced a great deal in a relatively short period of time, prompting scientists to re-examine the problems associated with carriers, receptors and reactors to toxic substances. This book presents current research on the responses of membranes to toxic sub stances both by direct observation of macromolecules reacting with these substances and by inference from data on the bio chemical responses of cells and cell fractions. Two basic areas of membrane toxicity are analyzed by a large number and variety of scientists in this field. The first area is the effect of various toxic substances on membrane structure and function. The second area is where the membrane serves as the site of rate limiting step of the transport of various toxic substances. The aim of the book is to evaluate present concepts of membrane structure and function in relation to exposure to envir onmental toxicants. The book is divided into five sessions: 1. Xenobiotics and Membrane Transport 2. Cellular Responses to Toxins 3. Effects of Membranes and Receptors 4. Modification of Membrane Function by Toxicological Agents 5. Toxic Chemicals as Molecular Probes of Membrane Structure and Function Each paper is generally concluded by an edited discussion which contains many useful and interesting additional insights in each subject area. v ACKNOWLEDGEMENT We gratefully acknowledge the support provided for this conference by the U. S. Energy Research and Development Administration, the Environmental Protection Agency and the University of Rochester. |
| diagram the charge distribution of a membrane: Biosynthesized Nanomaterials , 2021-07-07 CAC series highlights new advances in the field. This Volume 94 presents interesting chapters on the recent advances in the role of nanoparticles in plant biotechnology. Each chapter is written by international experts in the respective fields. - Provides the authority and expertise of leading contributors from an international board of authors. - Presents the latest release in the Comprehensive Analytical Chemistry series - Updated release includes the latest information on Biosynthesized nanomaterials |
| diagram the charge distribution of a membrane: Colloids in Drug Delivery Monzer Fanun, 2016-04-19 Colloidal drug delivery systems present a range of therapeutic benefits in the treatment of a number of challenging conditions, allowing researchers to cross barriers that have previously prevented efficient treatment while offering improved and more targeted absorption. Summarizing recent research in the field, Colloids in Drug Delivery assembles |
| diagram the charge distribution of a membrane: Basic Cardiac Electrophysiology for the Clinician Jose Jalife, Mario Delmar, Justus Anumonwo, Omer Berenfeld, Jerome Kalifa, 2011-08-24 This book translates fundamental knowledge in basic cardiac electrophysiology from the bench to the bedside. Revised and updated for its second edition, the text offers new coverage of the molecular mechanisms of ion channel behavior and its regulation, complex arrhythmias, and the broadening roles of devices and ablation. Clear, straightforward explanations are illustrated by plentiful diagrams to make the material accessible to the non-specialist. |
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