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| exchange rate us dollar to canadian dollar history: History of the IMF Kazuhiko Yago, Yoshio Asai, Masanao Itoh, 2015-06-10 This book describes the history of the IMF from its birth, through the Bretton Woods era, and in the aftermath. Special attention is paid to integrating IMF history with the macro-economic policies of member countries and of other international institutions as well. This collection of work presents a clear understanding, inter alia, of the influence of the United States over IMF policy via the National Advisory Committee; the dealings of the IMF with the UK on pound sterling policy; the institutional change of the IMF brought about by Per Jacobsson, the third managing director; and France, Italy, Germany, Canada, and Japan vis-à-vis IMF consultations. It also provides the reader with topics concerning the bankers’ acceptance market function and international liquidity issues in relation to IMF policy; the final chapter sheds light on the long-standing relations between the IMF and China, from the Bretton Woods Agreement to the contemporary period. All the chapters are archive-based academic studies providing deep insights with historical background, which makes this book the first thoroughly independent achievement in the field of IMF history. This book is highly recommended to readers interested in contemporary monetary and financial history and those who seek to obtain a coherent image of postwar international institutions and markets. |
| exchange rate us dollar to canadian dollar history: Exchange Rate Chaos Charles R. Geisst, 2002-01-04 The Bretton Woods system ensured a quarter of a century of relative stability on the world's financial markets. The quarter of a century which has followed has brought financial chaos and excessive financial volatility. Exchange Rate Chaos: 25 Years of Financial and Consumer Democracy describes and compares US and British financial history during this period. It highlights: * similarites in financial developments between the two countries * consumer democracy: Have the wishes of consumers dominated exchange rate policy? * The decline of the small investor and the hegemony of financial institutions * How the floating exchange rates are manipulated to government advantage One of the few financial histories to deal with the postwar period, this book shows how financial developments have shaped contemporary society and politics. |
| exchange rate us dollar to canadian dollar history: An Exchange Rate History of the United Kingdom Alain Naef, 2022-09-29 How did the Bank of England manage sterling crises? This book steps into the shoes of the Bank's foreign exchange dealers to show how foreign exchange intervention worked in practice. The author reviews the history of sterling over half a century, using new archives, data and unseen photographs. This book traces the sterling crises from the end of the War to Black Wednesday in 1992. The resulting analysis shows that a secondary reserve currency such as sterling plays an important role in the stability of the international system. The author goes on to explore the lessons the Bretton Woods system on managed exchange rates has for contemporary policy makers in the context of Brexit. This is a crucial reference for scholars in economics and history examining past and current prospects for the international financial system. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core. |
| exchange rate us dollar to canadian dollar history: Orderly Change David M. Andrews, 2011-03-15 The Bretton Woods Conference of 1944 resulted in the formation of the International Monetary Fund and World Bank and helped lay the foundation for an unprecedented expansion of international commerce. Yet six decades later, at the beginning of the twenty-first century, the central characteristics of the Bretton Woods system remain disputed—and the subject of continuing public policy debate. Relying on extensive access to IMF, World Bank, and other archives, the authors show that the history of international monetary relations since Bretton Woods is one of orderly change—that is, change within a sturdy but supple framework. Even during the years of fixed exchange rates, very different practices characterized international monetary relations immediately after World War II, during the 1950s, and during the 1960s. Later, when the fixed exchange-rate system collapsed, underlying commitments to trade liberalization in the context of continuing national economic policy autonomy survived and even flourished. However, the resulting international economic order is now in grave danger: the tension between states' autonomy and their mutual openness has become acute, as international monetary structures no longer appear capable of mediating between these objectives. David M. Andrews and the contributors to Orderly Change examine past transitions as a means of suggesting possible avenues for current and future policymaking. |
| exchange rate us dollar to canadian dollar history: A History of the Canadian Dollar James Powell, Bank of Canada, 2005 |
| exchange rate us dollar to canadian dollar history: Essays in Economic History Lawrence H. Officer, 2022-10-05 This book is the culmination of and a collection of distinguished scholar Lawrence Officer’s principal research over 50 years of scholarly activity. The collection consists primarily of three topics on which the author has spent the major part of his research: purchasing power parity, standard of living, and monetary standards. There is also a unique chapter on economics and economic history in science fiction. This volume is ideal for academics, graduate and undergraduate students, and practitioners. |
| exchange rate us dollar to canadian dollar history: The Young Investor Dan Fournier, 2008 Finally, a book about investing written in plain English for both Canadians and Americans. The Young Investor is the most complete guide to investing in today's global marketplace using the very best online tools and resources. At any age, it is never too late to learn how to invest your money and secure a bright financial future for yourself. The Young Investor will HELP YOU: Learn about investing in very simple terms Learn how to choose investments that are right for you Learn how to manage investments yourself through an online broker Easily access the very best online tools and resources on investing Achieve wealth and realize your most precious dreams Help the SPCA (The author will donate 10% of the net proceeds to SPCA International, see www.spca.com Brief Contents: Chapter - Why Invest? - A Global Market - Investment Types - General Investing Guidelines & Tips - Avoid Mutual Funds…Embrace Exchange-Traded Funds - Anatomy of a Stock - Do it Yourself! Online Investing - Alternative Investment Strategies - The Offshore Advantage Appendix A - Investment Resources Appendix B - Investment Glossary Visit www.TheYoungInvestor.net to: Read Chapter 1 - Why Invest? for FREE Enter a CONTEST to WIN $2,000 to start your own investment portfolio Get additional details about the book Get updates for weblinks found in the book See how to obtain an e-book version of this book for your desktop or handheld computer Learn more about investing |
| exchange rate us dollar to canadian dollar history: Exchange Rate Economics Ronald MacDonald, 2005 ''In summary, the book is valuable as a textbook both at the advanced undergraduate level and at the graduate level. It is also very useful for the economist who wants to be brought up-to-date on theoretical and empirical research on exchange rate behaviour.'' Journal of International Economics |
| exchange rate us dollar to canadian dollar history: Exchange Rates and International Financial Economics J. Kallianiotis, 2013-10-02 The recent financial crisis has troubled the US, Europe, and beyond, and is indicative of the integrated world in which we live. Today, transactions take place with the use of foreign currencies, and their values affect the nations' economies and their citizens' welfare. Exchange Rates and International Financial Economics provides readers with the historic, theoretical, and practical knowledge of these relative prices among currencies. While much of the previous work on the topic has been simply descriptive or theoretical, Kallianiotis gives a unique and intimate understanding of international exchange rates and their place in an increasingly globalized world. |
| exchange rate us dollar to canadian dollar history: Economic Analysis & Canadian Policy David Stager, 2013-10-22 Economic Analysis & Canadian Policy: Seventh Edition deals with concepts and theories in economics and its relation to Canadian economic policies. The major revision in this edition deals with the development of the real sector model for the macroeconomy. The book is divided into two parts. Part I is a general overview of economics and includes topics such as basic economic decisions, economic policies and analysis, supply and demand, market price, and the role of the government in the economy. Part II deals with the Canadian economy - its economic goals, economic growth, and national income; its banking systems; its fiscal policy, public debt, and budget deficit; and international trade policies, patterns, and rationale. Part III covers consumer demand, production costs, supply, market competition, and market structure. Part IV talks about labor market and wages, income distribution in Canada, and regional income disparity. The text is recommended for economists and financial analysts, especially those who would like to study about Canada's economy and its policies. |
| exchange rate us dollar to canadian dollar history: Towards North American Monetary Union? Eric Helleiner, 2006 Many believe that Canada's deepening economic integration with the United States and the worldwide trend towards currency blocs will eventually lead to a North American monetary union. In the first detailed analysis of Canadian exchange rate politics, Eric Helleiner challenges this view.Helleiner finds little support in the US for the concessions that would be necessary to make a North American monetary union palatable in Canada. Comparing the US Federal Reserve and the European Monetary Union, he argues that Canada would exercise far less influence within a North American monetary union than individual countries do within the European community. He also analyses the seemingly paradoxical support of Quebec sovereignists for free trade and monetary union.Towards North American Monetary Union'explores Canada's unusually strong commitment throughout the twentieth century to a floating exchange rate for its national currency - a commitment that Heilleiner argues is likely to endure. |
| exchange rate us dollar to canadian dollar history: From Wall Street to Bay Street Christopher Kobrak, Joe Martin, 2018-01-01 From Wall Street to Bay Street is the first book for a lay audience to tackle the similarities and differences between the financial systems of Canada and the United States. Christopher Kobrak and Joe Martin reveal the different paths each system has taken since the early nineteenth-century. |
| exchange rate us dollar to canadian dollar history: Money and Exchange in Europe and America, 1600-1775 John J. McCusker, 1992-01 Money and Exchange in Europe and America, 1600-1775: A Handbook |
| exchange rate us dollar to canadian dollar history: Pricing Theory, Financing of International Organisations and Monetary History Lawrence H. Officer, 2014-04-08 This book presents the lifelong and ongoing research of Lawrence H. Officer in a systematic way. The result is an authoritative treatment of such issues as market structure and economic efficiency where more than one characteristic of a commodity is priced, both in general and in application to shipping conferences; financing of the United Nations and International Monetary Fund; monetary history of the UK and US; and central-bank preferences between gold and dollars, The book first examines multidimensional pricing, defined as pricing when a commodity or service has several characteristics that are priced. The second part is concerned with country-group conflicts in the United Nations and International Monetary Fund. The book then takes a fresh look at historical experiences of monetary-standard upheavals and the final part considers a crucial time (1958-67), during which central-bank gold-dollar decisions were power-politically determined. |
| exchange rate us dollar to canadian dollar history: A History of the Federal Reserve Allan H. Meltzer, 2010-02-15 Allan H. Meltzer’s critically acclaimed history of the Federal Reserve is the most ambitious, most intensive, and most revealing investigation of the subject ever conducted. Its first volume, published to widespread critical acclaim in 2003, spanned the period from the institution’s founding in 1913 to the restoration of its independence in 1951. This two-part second volume of the history chronicles the evolution and development of this institution from the Treasury–Federal Reserve accord in 1951 to the mid-1980s, when the great inflation ended. It reveals the inner workings of the Fed during a period of rapid and extensive change. An epilogue discusses the role of the Fed in resolving our current economic crisis and the needed reforms of the financial system. In rich detail, drawing on the Federal Reserve’s own documents, Meltzer traces the relation between its decisions and economic and monetary theory, its experience as an institution independent of politics, and its role in tempering inflation. He explains, for example, how the Federal Reserve’s independence was often compromised by the active policy-making roles of Congress, the Treasury Department, different presidents, and even White House staff, who often pressured the bank to take a short-term view of its responsibilities. With an eye on the present, Meltzer also offers solutions for improving the Federal Reserve, arguing that as a regulator of financial firms and lender of last resort, it should focus more attention on incentives for reform, medium-term consequences, and rule-like behavior for mitigating financial crises. Less attention should be paid, he contends, to command and control of the markets and the noise of quarterly data. At a time when the United States finds itself in an unprecedented financial crisis, Meltzer’s fascinating history will be the source of record for scholars and policy makers navigating an uncertain economic future. |
| exchange rate us dollar to canadian dollar history: Federal Power Commission Reports United States. Federal Power Commission, 1964 Contains all the formal opinions and accompanying orders of the Federal Power Commission ... In addition to the formal opinions, there have been included intermediate decisions which have become final and selected orders of the Commission issued during such period. |
| exchange rate us dollar to canadian dollar history: IMF History Volume 3 (1945-1965) International Monetary Fund, 1996-02-29 This paper comprises documents relating to the history of the IMF, including some that preceded the drafting of the Articles of Agreement. The paper highlights that the first draft of Lord Keynes’ plan for a Clearing Union was circulated within the British Treasury on September 8, 1941. A fourth draft was given to Ministers on February 11, 1942. The first definitive version of Mr. White’s plan for a stabilization fund was a mimeographed draft dated April 1942. This covered both the IMF and the World Bank. |
| exchange rate us dollar to canadian dollar history: British Historical Statistics B. R. Mitchell, 1988-09-08 This 1988 reference book provides the major economic and social statistical series for the British Isles from the twelfth century up until 1980-81. The text provides informed access to a wide range of economic data, without the labour of identifying sources or of transforming many different annual sources into a comparable time series. |
| exchange rate us dollar to canadian dollar history: The History of Foreign Investment in the United States, 1914–1945 Mira Wilkins, 2004-06-30 The foremost authority on foreign investment in the U.S. continues her magisterial history in a work covering the critical years 1914–1945. Integrating economic, business, technological, legal, and diplomatic history, this comprehensive study is essential to understanding the internationalization of the American economy and broader global trends. |
| exchange rate us dollar to canadian dollar history: Money in International Exchange Ronald I. McKinnon, 1979-06-21 Focusing on monetization of international trade per se, this text analyses common financial practices of merchants and manufacturers, commercial banks, and central banks. |
| exchange rate us dollar to canadian dollar history: Britain and Canada and Their Large Neighboring Monetary Unions Amy Verdun, 2006 Britain is confronted with the EU and its Economic and Monetary Union or the 'eurozone' an area of 12 EU Member States in which the Euro is the single currency. At a time in which the discussion revolves around the future of national currencies, this work looks at the question of monetary integration for the cases of Britain and Canada. |
| exchange rate us dollar to canadian dollar history: Crossing the Atlantic Patrick M. Crowley, 2017-11-30 Given the legal, political, economic and social similarities that exist, comparisons between the European Union (EU) and Canada can prove instructive. This volume introduces the rationale for comparing Canada and the EU and reviews the political initiatives that have been undertaken to forge links between the two. Taking the political and economic structure used by the EU, it compares this structure to the Canadian model, at both the federal/supranational level and the local government level. Using various disciplinary approaches and case studies, specific policy areas are used to illustrate these comparisons, and several of the papers in the collection extend these comparisons to the NAFTA level. A highly useful reference tool, Crossing the Atlantic will intrigue and inform an interdisciplinary and inter-regional studies audience. |
| exchange rate us dollar to canadian dollar history: Dollar Adjustment: How Far? Against What? , The dollar rose about 35 percent in real terms from 1995 to the end of 2001, supporting the US economy of the late 1990s but pushing the current account deficit to a record high. This book looks at the impact of this, examining intervention to achieve desired currency values and the impact of a major dollar realignment on worldwide economies. |
| exchange rate us dollar to canadian dollar history: The Dollarization Debate Dominick Salvatore, James W. Dean, Thomas Willett, 2003-03-27 This book takes a global approach, with an emphasis on North and Latin America respectfully, by discussing one of today's most controversial topics in business; Dollarization. With the collapse of the former Soviet Union, and the formation of the Euro in Europe, many countries and debating whether or not a common currency is in their best interest. This intriguing volume brings together the leading participants in the current dollarization debates. Many advocate the notion of a common currency, while others feel that in doing so will create financial costs for all that take part, with the severity varying from country to country. |
| exchange rate us dollar to canadian dollar history: International Monetary Power David M. Andrews, 2006 This book provides a thorough overview of how money is used as a tool to achieve international political aims. |
| exchange rate us dollar to canadian dollar history: Trading Regime Analysis Murray Gunn, 2009-01-15 Trading Regime Analysis is a groundbreaking work on how markets behave and how to profit from this behaviour. The book describes that it is the human nature of markets which explains why this behaviour exists and whether one believes in fundamental or technical market analysis, the ebb and flow of volatility is the one undeniable truth that exists in financial and commodity markets. It is the up and down cycles of volatility that is the manifestation of human psychology as the ultimate driver of markets and volatility, like human behaviour, has a distinct cycle to it. Offers in detail the methods that can be used to identify whether a market is about to start trending or about to enter a period of range trading Highlights important applications for this analysis for institutional investors, asset allocators, hedge fund managers and retail investors Provides unique content as there are no existing titles on trading regime analysis |
| exchange rate us dollar to canadian dollar history: Drawing Lines in Sand and Snow Condon, 2016-09-16 This important book addresses the major issues facing the North American continent: security, economic integration, border management, corruption, and illegal migration. |
| exchange rate us dollar to canadian dollar history: Turbulence and New Directions in Global Political Economy J. Busumtwi-Sam, L. Dobuzinskis, 2002-11-26 James Busumtwi-Sam and Laurent Dobuzinskis have assembled a leading team of experts in the field to examine how phenomena associated with globalization impact on political economy in theory and in practice. The volume employs a variety of theoretical and analytical approaches to examine the very changeable nature of the global political economy, in terms of academic analysis, policy and practice. |
| exchange rate us dollar to canadian dollar history: EBOOK: Macroeconomics Rudiger Dornbusch, Stanley Fischer, Richard Startz, 2014-02-16 Dornbusch, Fischer, and Startz has been a long-standing, leading intermediate macroeconomic theory text since its introduction in 1978. This revision retains most of the text's traditional features, including a middle-of-the-road approach and very current research, while updating and simplifying the exposition. A balanced approach explains both the potential and limitations of economic policy. Macroeconomics employs a model-based approach to macroeconomic analysis and demonstrates how various models are connected with the goal of giving students the capacity to analyze current economic issues in the context of an economic frame of reference. The only pre-requisite continues to be principles of economics. |
| exchange rate us dollar to canadian dollar history: Annual Report of the Executive Directors for the Fiscal Year International Monetary Fund, 1971 |
| exchange rate us dollar to canadian dollar history: World Currency Yearbook , 1990 |
| exchange rate us dollar to canadian dollar history: The Encyclopedia of Central Banking Louis-Philippe Rochon, Sergio Rossi, 2015-02-27 The Encyclopedia of Central Banking, co-edited by Louis-Philippe Rochon and Sergio Rossi, contains some 250 entries written by over 200 economists on topics related to monetary macroeconomics, central bank theory and policy, and the history of monetary |
| exchange rate us dollar to canadian dollar history: The Canadian Encyclopedia James H. Marsh, 1999 This edition of The Canadian Encyclopedia is the largest, most comprehensive book ever published in Canada for the general reader. It is COMPLETE: every aspect of Canada, from its rock formations to its rock bands, is represented here. It is UNABRIDGED: all of the information in the four red volumes of the famous 1988 edition is contained here in this single volume. It has been EXPANDED: since 1988 teams of researchers have been diligently fleshing out old entries and recording new ones; as a result, the text from 1988 has grown by 50% to over 4,000,000 words. It has been UPDATED: the researchers and contributors worked hard to make the information as current as possible. Other words apply to this extraordinary work of scholarship: AUTHORITATIVE, RELIABLE and READABLE. Every entry is compiled by an expert. Equally important, every entry is written for a Canadian reader, from the Canadian point of view. The finished work - many years in the making, and the equivalent of forty average-sized books - is an extraordinary storehouse of information about our country. This book deserves pride of place on the bookshelf in every Canadian Home. It is no accident that the cover of this book is based on the Canadian flag. For the proud truth is that this volume represents a great national achievement. From its formal inception in 1979, this encyclopedia has always represented a vote of faith in Canada; in Canada as a separate place whose natural worlds and whose peoples and their achievements deserve to be recorded and celebrated. At the start of a new century and a new millennium, in an increasingly borderless corporate world that seems ever more hostile to nationaldistinctions and aspirations, this Canadian Encyclopedia is offered in a spirit of defiance and of faith in our future. The statistics behind this volume are staggering. The opening sixty pages list the 250 Consultants, the roughly 4,000 Contributors (all experts in the field they describe) and the scores of researchers, editors, typesetters, proofreaders and others who contributed their skills to this massive project. The 2,640 pages incorporate over 10,000 articles and over 4,000,000 words, making it the largest - some might say the greatest - Canadian book ever published. There are, of course, many special features. These include a map of Canada, a special page comparing the key statistics of the 23 major Canadian cities, maps of our cities, a variety of tables and photographs, and finely detailed illustrations of our wildlife, not to mention the colourful, informative endpapers. But above all the book is encyclopedic - which the Canadian Oxford Dictionary describes as embracing all branches of learning. This means that (with rare exceptions) there is satisfaction for the reader who seeks information on any Canadian subject. From the first entry A mari usque ad mare - from sea to sea (which is Canada's motto, and a good description of this volume's range) to the Zouaves (who mustered in Quebec to fight for the beleaguered Papacy) there is the required summary of information, clearly and accurately presented. For the browser the constant variety of entries and the lure of regular cross-references will provide hours of fasination. The word encyclopedia derives from Greek expressions alluding to a grand circle of knowledge. Our knowledge has expandedimmeasurably since the time that one mnd could encompass all that was known.Yet now Canada's finest scientists, academics and specialists have distilled their knowledge of our country between the covers of one volume. The result is a book for every Canadian who values learning, and values Canada. |
| exchange rate us dollar to canadian dollar history: National Currencies and Globalization Paul Bowles, 2007-12-11 This book provides an innovative and systematic analysis of the implications of the theories of globalization for national currencies; and critically examines whether, as a result, the world is heading for fewer currencies. |
| exchange rate us dollar to canadian dollar history: Globalization and Well-being John F. Helliwell, 2002 Researchers and policy-makers are taking a new look at public policies to find broader grounds for assessing their economic and social impacts on individuals, families, communities, and nations. This book introduces this new research on social capital and well-being and applies it to key issues facing individuals and governments in the age of globalization. John Helliwell first looks at the latest evidence about the extent to which globalization has altered the scope and salience of nation-states. He then deals with the implications for both domestic and international policies. Throughout the book, the author emphasizes well-being as an explicit focus for research and for public policies. He argues that, whatever one thinks of globalization, there is ample scope for countries like Canada to not only retain their distinctive qualities but also to have independent national and international policies. Globalization and Well-Being is essential reading for all those trying to think their way through the welter of conflicting assertions about what is left for national policies in today's world. It will be of special interest to those thinking about whether Canada should focus on its North American linkages or on building bridges to the broader international community. |
| exchange rate us dollar to canadian dollar history: The Psychology of Investing During the Chaotic Obama Years Elior Kinarthy, 2011-03-22 |
| exchange rate us dollar to canadian dollar history: FUNDAMENTALS OF INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT, SECOND EDITION KEVIN, S., 2022-10-01 This Second Edition of the book explains, with precision and clarity, the basic concepts, theories and practices of international financial management. As international transactions form an integral part of economic activities in the modern globalized economic environment, practising managers need to know the fundamentals of international finance. And this book, written by Professor S. Kevin, who has a rich and long experience in teaching international finance, eminently fulfils this need. The book begins with an explanation of the exchange rate mechanism of foreign currencies, factors influencing exchange rate fluctuations, and the trading mechanism in foreign exchange markets. As currency forwards, futures, options and swaps are the instruments of currency derivatives used as hedging and speculative tools, the book goes on to give a detailed description of the use of currency derivatives for hedging as well as speculative functions. It contains an analysis of international financial institutions and their functioning, the participants and instruments of global financial markets where international funds are raised, the many uses of international funds in the form of portfolio investments, and direct investments in host countries. The book is primarily intended as a text for postgraduate students of commerce and management, chartered accountancy (CA) and chartered financial analysis (CFA). It would also be of immense value to practising professionals in the field of international finance. KEY FEATURES • Illustrates the concepts with the help of examples, figures and tables. • Clearly explains risk management tools and techniques. • Discusses the role of international financial institutions in the global financial market. • Is a handy text for self-study. ADDITIONS IN SECOND EDITION • Exchange rates have been revised to current levels • Two new chapters on ‘International Projects and Portfolios’ and ‘ Practices and Problems of International Financial Management’ have been added |
| exchange rate us dollar to canadian dollar history: The International Monetary System Robert J. Carbaugh, Liang-Shing Fan, 1976 International monetary reform is of vital importance to the countries of the world. Although many studies have been made of the structure and problems of the international payment mechanism, few provide an analytical survey of the international monetary system. This study analyzes the structural and operational limitations of past systems as well as the major reform proposals for modifying and/or replacing the current system with a new payment mechanism. The authors describe the structure and nature of the international payment system and identify the issues relating to international adjustment, liquidity, and confidence. They discuss the nature of international liquidity, including liquidity's purpose, sources of demand and supply, and potential shortcomings. They analyze the theoretical and empirical implications of the gold standard. Of primary concern is the extent to which the actual operations of the system corresponded to the theoretical role of the gold standard, and the nature and limitations of the so-called dollar-gold system that prevailed in the past quarter century until 1971. The major reform proposals of the international payment mechanism are next discussed. Included are the proposals of historical interest such as Keynes, Triffin, Bernstein, Stamp, Angell, Rueff, and the currently debated issues of the Special Drawing Rights standard, freely floating exchange rates, and the wider-band and crawling-pegged exchange rate mechanisms. Finally the authors analyze the nature, operation, and future role of the managed float exchange rate system, which resulted from the international monetary crisis of 1973. Of particular interest are the effects of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries' (OPEC) cartel on the U.S. dollar as a reserve currency, and the monetary effects of the cartel's balance-of-payments surplus on the world financial markets. This study provides the historical background, the institutional framework, and a balanced analysis of problems involved in the international monetary system. It will be of interest to all students of economics and finance, and should be read by anyone wishing to understand the world of ever-expanding trade. |
| exchange rate us dollar to canadian dollar history: Business America , 1990 |
| exchange rate us dollar to canadian dollar history: Approaches to Greater Flexibility of Exchange Rates C. Fred Bergsten, George Nikolaus Halm, 2015-03-08 This volume contains the papers presented and comments made at two conferences on the controversial subject of greater flexibility of exchange rates. The first of the conferences was held at Oyster Bay, New York, early in 1969, the second at Bürgenstock, Switzerland, in the summer of 1969. One half of the 40 conferees were academic economists, the others were practitioners of the foreign exchange markets, mostly bankers and a few executives of international business firms. Both the opposition to greater flexibility of exchange rates and the advocacy of more flexible systems are represented in these papers. The contrast between fixed or jumping exchange rates and gliding exchange rates is clearly described and the various systems of increased flexibility, such as the wider band and the crawling peg, are explained and examined. Originally published in 1970. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905. |
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