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| external noise in communication: Noise Matters R. Haven Wiley, 2015-06-09 Noise, as we usually think of it, is background sound that interferes with our ability to hear more interesting sounds. In general terms, though, it is anything that interferes with the reception of signals of any sort. It includes extraneous energy in the environment, degradation of signals in transit, and spontaneous random activity in receivers and signalers. Whatever the cause, the consequence of noise is error by receivers, and these errors are the key to understanding how noise shapes the evolution of communication. Noise Matters breaks new ground in the scientific understanding of how communication evolves in the presence of noise. Combining insights of signal detection theory with evidence from decades of his own original research, Haven Wiley explains the profound effects of noise on the evolution of communication. The coevolution of signalers and receivers does not result in ideal, noise-free communication, Wiley finds. Instead, signalers and receivers evolve to a joint equilibrium in which communication is effective but never error-free. Noise is inescapable in the evolution of communication. Wiley’s comprehensive approach considers communication on many different levels of biological organization, from cells to individual organisms, including humans. Social interactions, such as honesty, mate choice, and cooperation, are reassessed in the light of noisy communication. The final sections demonstrate that noise even affects how we think about human language, science, subjectivity, and freedom. Noise Matters thus contributes to understanding the behavior of animals, including ourselves. |
| external noise in communication: Effects of Anthropogenic Noise on Animals Hans Slabbekoorn, Robert J. Dooling, Arthur N. Popper, Richard R. Fay, 2018-08-20 Over the past several years, many investigators interested in the effects of man-made sounds on animals have come to realize that there is much to gain from studying the broader literature on hearing sound and the effects of sound as well as data from the effects on humans. It has also become clear that knowledge of the effects of sound on one group of animals (e.g., birds or frogs) can guide studies on other groups (e.g., marine mammals or fishes) and that a review of all such studies together would be very useful to get a better understanding of the general principles and underlying cochlear and cognitive mechanisms that explain damage, disturbance, and deterrence across taxa. The purpose of this volume, then, is to provide a comprehensive review of the effects of man-made sounds on animals, with the goal of fulfilling two major needs. First, it was thought to be important to bring together data on sound and bioacoustics that have implications across all taxa (including humans) so that such information is generally available to the community of scholars interested in the effects of sound. This is done in Chaps. 2-5. Second, in Chaps. 6-10, the volume brings together what is known about the effects of sound on diverse vertebrate taxa so that investigators with interests in specific groups can learn from the data and experimental approaches from other species. Put another way, having an overview of the similarities and discrepancies among various animal groups and insight into the “how and why” will benefit the overall conceptual understanding, applications in society, and all future research. |
| external noise in communication: An Introduction to Intercultural Communication Fred E. Jandt, 2020-07-24 An Introduction to Intercultural Communication equips students with the knowledge and skills to be competent and confident intercultural communicators. Best-selling author Fred E. Jandt guides readers through key concepts and helps them connect intercultural competence to their own life experiences in order to enhance understanding. Employing his signature accessible writing style, Jandt presents balanced, up-to-date content in a way that readers find interesting and thought-provoking. The Tenth Edition gives increased attention to contemporary social issues in today’s global community such as gender identifications, social class identity, and immigration and refugees. Included with this title: The password-protected Instructor Resource Site (formally known as SAGE Edge) offers access to all text-specific resources, including a test bank and editable, chapter-specific PowerPoint® slides. |
| external noise in communication: Radiowave Propagation in Satellite Communications Louis J. Ippolito, 2012-12-06 Radiowave Propagation in Communications was written with two basic objec tives: (l) to present an up-to-date review of the major radiowave propagation phenomena which hinder reliable space communications, and (2) to describe how these propagation phenomena affect the design and performance of satellite communications systems. Earth-orbiting satellites are employed extensively for the relay of information in a vast array of telecommunications, meteorological, government, and sci entific applications. Satellite systems rely on the transmission of radiowaves to and from the satellite and are dependent on the propagation characteristics of the transmission path, primarily the earth's atmosphere. Radiowave propagation thus plays a very important part in the design and ultimate performance of space communications systems. This book presents, for the first time, the meshing in a single publication of the fundamentals of radiowave propagation factors with a discussion of the practical consequences of these factors on satellite communications systems. Two major subfie1ds are involved in this book. Radiowave propagation, which is basically applied electromagnetic theory, provides the theory and an alytical tools for the first several chapters. Later chapters then apply propagation effects to the field of electrical engineering involved with satellite communi cations. The material progresses from the essential aspects of radiowave prop agation to the application of practical methods and techniques in the design and performance of satellite communications systems. |
| external noise in communication: Noise Temperature Theory and Applications for Deep Space Communications Antenna Systems Tom Y. Otoshi, 2008 The book shows you how to analyze, design, measure and accurately evaluate the many detailed elements comprising noise temperature. After a thorough introductory overview, you delve into reflector performance issues, including material conductivity, perforations, protective coatings, the effects of terrestrial weather, and the influence of the Earth's Sun. |
| external noise in communication: Communication System Engineering Using MATLAB Sarma, Kandarpa Kumar, The present title is intended to be an introduction to communication system engineering with stress upon basic know how, practical design and programming using MATLAB. The contents are presented in a concise manner with summary of the topics, solved questions, practical design guidelines, probable questions and application of MATLAB. The book attempts to cover communication and related phenomena using MATLAB as far as possible to help the students to understand underlying concepts in a lucid manner as a part of the teaching learning process. A sizable portion of the book has relevant content related to practical design of the systems. The book has ten chapters and is expected to help the reader in developing insights into the working and design of communication systems.KEY FEATURES• Use of MATLAB to cover the basic foundations of communication system.• A detailed practical approach to design of AM, FM and pulse modulation systems.• Summarized and concise description of each of the chapters, solved problems and MATLAB programs.• Probable questions and brief historical description of almost all major issues discussed in the book.• Discussion on television and radar as examples of communication system. |
| external noise in communication: Principles of Communications Rodger E. Ziemer, William H. Tranter, 1976 |
| external noise in communication: Satellite Communication Systems Design S. Tirró, 1993-06-30 Writing a comprehensive book on satellite communications requires the com mand of many technical disciplines and the availability of up-to-date information on international recommendations, system architectures, and equipment stand ards. It is therefore necessary to involve many authors, each possessing a good level of knowledge in a particular discipline. The problem of using a coherent and unambiguous set of definitions and basic terms has been solved by including in the book all the background information needed for understanding satellite communication systems, without any major reference to other textbooks specializing in particular disciplines. The obvious consequence of this approach has been the large size of the book, with the advantages, however, of practically complete independence from other books, more systematic discussion of the subject matter, and better readability. After the required background information, emphasis has been placed on the discussion of techniques and system design criteria rather than on specific equipment implementation or description of particular systems. The book may be divided in five parts as follows: • The first five chapters provide most of the required background information. • Chapter 6 is an introductory outline of satellite communication systems. • Chapters 7 to 13 deal with the various aspects of technical system design. • Chapter 14 discusses system economics. • Chapter 15 provides a brief insight into some foreseeable future develop ments of satellite communications. |
| external noise in communication: Communication Models Uma Narula, 2006 The Book Communication Models Presents The Evolutionary Scenario Of Communication Concepts And Strategies, Concerns And Challenges, And The Changes In Modalities Of Communications, Both People Oriented And Technology Oriented. The Style Of Presenting These From Different Perspectives In The Form Of Models Enhances Its Value For It Facilitates Quick Understanding. New Models May Occur Due To Changes In Modalities Of Communications. Along With This, Newer Needs And Demands May Turn Up. Social Attitudes And Values May Change For Newer Needs And Demands. People Become More Aware, Educated And Motivated In These Diverse Contexts And Set Up New Modalities For Both Interpersonal And Media Communication. In Order To Present And Explain The Widened Scope Of Different Communication Perspectives, More And Advanced Level Communication Models Evolve. The Present Book Focuses On Communication Framework, Concept Of Communication And Communication Perspective. It Presents Communication Models In Nine Sections Highlighting The Perspectives From Which Human Communications Are Practiced, Interpreted And Analyzed Overtime. It Makes A Detailed Study Of Models Vis-À-Vis Development Communication Models, International Communication And Globalization Models, Intercultural Models, Technology Models, Communication Management Models, Communication Research Models, Business Communication Models And Models For Communication Strategies And Planning. The Book Would Prove A Useful Aid In Presenting Communication In Different Perspectives To The Students, Teachers And Trainers, Researchers, Practitioners, Professionals, And Educators Who Deal In Diverse Areas Of Communication And Focus On The Critical Issues Pertaining To Them. The Book Is Cohesive And Easily Comprehensible. |
| external noise in communication: Mass Communication in India, Fifth Edition Keval J. Kumar, 2020-12-10 Third Completely Revised and Updated EditionMass Communication in India is a result of the author s in-depth study and understanding of the media. The book deals with a general introduction to Communication Theory, Advertising, Television, Effects of Media and Development. In short, the book is designed to give the student of Mass Communication a general and comprehensive view of the modern and traditional media in India. It meets the objective of being a text book as well as a book that gives an overview of mass communication in India. |
| external noise in communication: Acoustic Communication Andrea Simmons, Richard R. Fay, 2002-10-04 In order to communicate, animals send and receive signals that are subject to their particular anatomical, psychological, and environmental constraints. This SHAR volume discusses both the production and perception of acoustic signals. Chapters address the information that animals communicate, how the communication is developed and learned, and how communication systems have adapted and evolved within species. The book will give examples from a variety of species. |
| external noise in communication: Essentials of Modern Communications Djafar K. Mynbaev, Lowell L. Scheiner, 2020-08-04 Explore Modern Communications and Understand Principles of Operations, Appropriate Technologies, and Elements of Design of Communication Systems Modern society requires a different set of communication systems than has any previous generation. To maintain and improve the contemporary communication systems that meet ever-changing requirements, engineers need to know how to recognize and solve cardinal problems. In Essentials of Modern Communications, readers will learn how modern communication has expanded and will discover where it is likely to go in the future. By discussing the fundamental principles, methods, and techniques used in various communication systems, this book helps engineers assess, troubleshoot, and fix problems that are likely to occur. In this reference, readers will learn about topics like: How communication systems respond in time and frequency domains Principles of analog and digital modulations Application of spectral analysis to modern communication systems based on the Fourier series and Fourier transform Specific examples and problems, with discussions around their optimal solutions, limitations, and applications Approaches to solving the concrete engineering problems of modern communications based on critical, logical, creative, and out-of-box thinking For readers looking for a resource on the fundamentals of modern communications and the possible issues they face, Essentials of Modern Communications is instrumental in educating on real-life problems that engineering students and professionals are likely to encounter. |
| external noise in communication: Hearing Loss National Research Council, Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education, Board on Behavioral, Cognitive, and Sensory Sciences, Committee on Disability Determination for Individuals with Hearing Impairments, 2004-12-17 Millions of Americans experience some degree of hearing loss. The Social Security Administration (SSA) operates programs that provide cash disability benefits to people with permanent impairments like hearing loss, if they can show that their impairments meet stringent SSA criteria and their earnings are below an SSA threshold. The National Research Council convened an expert committee at the request of the SSA to study the issues related to disability determination for people with hearing loss. This volume is the product of that study. Hearing Loss: Determining Eligibility for Social Security Benefits reviews current knowledge about hearing loss and its measurement and treatment, and provides an evaluation of the strengths and weaknesses of the current processes and criteria. It recommends changes to strengthen the disability determination process and ensure its reliability and fairness. The book addresses criteria for selection of pure tone and speech tests, guidelines for test administration, testing of hearing in noise, special issues related to testing children, and the difficulty of predicting work capacity from clinical hearing test results. It should be useful to audiologists, otolaryngologists, disability advocates, and others who are concerned with people who have hearing loss. |
| external noise in communication: The Mathematical Theory of Communication Claude E Shannon, Warren Weaver, 1998-09-01 Scientific knowledge grows at a phenomenal pace--but few books have had as lasting an impact or played as important a role in our modern world as The Mathematical Theory of Communication, published originally as a paper on communication theory more than fifty years ago. Republished in book form shortly thereafter, it has since gone through four hardcover and sixteen paperback printings. It is a revolutionary work, astounding in its foresight and contemporaneity. The University of Illinois Press is pleased and honored to issue this commemorative reprinting of a classic. |
| external noise in communication: Interpersonal Communication Charles R. Berger, 2014-06-18 Interpersonal communication has been studied in terms of both communication functions and specialized contexts. This handbook comprehensively covers the field including research on processes of social influence, the role of communication in the development, maintenance and decline of close personal relationships, nonverbal communication, cognitive approaches, communication and conflict, bargaining and negotiation, health communication, organizational socialization and supervisor-subordinate communication, social networks, and technologically-mediated interpersonal communication. Two chapters are dedicated to research methods in the field. The handbook includes chapters by widely recognized and respected scholars in the field. |
| external noise in communication: An Introduction to Communication Studies Sheila Steinberg, 2007 In this introductory textbook, the author contextualises approaches and theories on cornmunication studies by making use of local examples from the mass media, as well as relevant political and social experiences. The book is divided into two parts. The first provides students with a strong foundation in communication while the second focuses on the areas of specialisation within communication studies. Each chapter starts with the learning Outcomes and a short overview of the chapter. Students can monitor their learning by using the summaries and 'test yourself' questions at the end of every chapter. Scenarios provide examples of how the theory can be applied in practice. This makes for a learner-friendly and accessible book which will prove invaluable to Students and professionals alike. Beginner students majoring in Communication Studies, as well as those studying towards various degrees or qualifications where communication is a prerequisite will find this book useful. |
| external noise in communication: Noise and the Brain Jos J. Eggermont, 2013-09-12 In our industrialized world, we are surrounded by occupational, recreational, and environmental noise. Very loud noise damages the inner-ear receptors and results in hearing loss, subsequent problems with communication in the presence of background noise, and, potentially, social isolation. There is much less public knowledge about the noise exposure that produces only temporary hearing loss but that in the long term results in hearing problems due to the damage of high-threshold auditory nerve fibers. Early exposures of this kind, such as in neonatal intensive care units, manifest themselves at a later age, sometimes as hearing loss but more often as an auditory processing disorder. There is even less awareness about changes in the auditory brain caused by repetitive daily exposure to the same type of low-level occupational or musical sound. This low-level, but continuous, environmental noise exposure is well known to affect speech understanding, produce non-auditory problems ranging from annoyance and depression to hypertension, and to cause cognitive difficulties. Additionally, internal noise, such as tinnitus, has effects on the brain similar to low-level external noise.Noise and the Brain discusses and provides a synthesis of hte underlying brain mechanisms as well as potential ways to prvent or alleviate these aberrant brain changes caused by noise exposure. - Authored by one of the preeminent leaders in the field of hearing research - Emphasizes direct and indirect changes in brain function as a result of noise exposure - Provides a comprehensive and evidence-based approach - Addresses both developmental and adult plasticity - Includes coverage of epidemiology, etiology, and genetics of hearing problems; effects of non-damaging sound on both the developing and adult brain; non-auditory effects of noise; noise and the aging brain; and more |
| external noise in communication: Digital Communication for Practicing Engineers Feng Ouyang, 2019-08-28 Offers concise, practical knowledge on modern communication systems to help students transition smoothly into the workplace and beyond This book presents the most relevant concepts and technologies of today's communication systems and presents them in a concise and intuitive manner. It covers advanced topics such as Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) Technology, which are enabling technologies for modern communication systems such as WiFi (including the latest enhancements) and LTE-Advanced. Following a brief introduction to the field, Digital Communication for Practicing Engineers immerses readers in the theories and technologies that engineers deal with. It starts off with Shannon Theorem and Information Theory, before moving on to basic modules of a communication system, including modulation, statistical detection, channel coding, synchronization, and equalization. The next part of the book discusses advanced topics such as OFDM and MIMO, and introduces several emerging technologies in the context of 5G cellular system radio interface. The book closes by outlining several current research areas in digital communications. In addition, this text: Breaks down the subject into self-contained lectures, which can be read individually or as a whole Focuses on the pros and cons of widely used techniques, while providing references for detailed mathematical analysis Follows the current technology trends, including advanced topics such as OFDM and MIMO Touches on content this is not usually contained in textbooks such as cyclo-stationary symbol timing recovery, adaptive self-interference canceler, and Tomlinson-Harashima precoder Includes many illustrations, homework problems, and examples Digital Communication for Practicing Engineers is an ideal guide for graduate students and professionals in digital communication looking to understand, work with, and adapt to the current and future technology. |
| external noise in communication: Fundamentals of Paramedic Practice Sam Willis, Ian Peate, 2024-04-01 Fundamentals of Paramedic Practice An indispensable guide for aspiring paramedics and emergency medical professionals Paramedic practice is swiftly evolving, driven by changes in the paramedic curriculum. To meet the growing demands of the community, student paramedics and clinicians working in out-of-hospital care must stay abreast of this rapid evolution. Fundamentals of Paramedic Practice, Third Edition contributes to driving the profession forward and provides a comprehensive, accessible text authored by experienced paramedics and academics. This third edition has undergone comprehensive updates, introducing new chapters that provide students and recently registered practitioners with a vital overview of the theory and practice of contemporary paramedicine. This is an essential resource for the next generation of paramedics and out-of-hospital practitioners. Readers of the third edition of Fundamentals of Paramedic Practice will find: A multidisciplinary approach incorporating varied and dynamic research New chapters on subjects including end of life care, domestic violence, and paramedic wellbeing Learning activities to aid understanding and retention Fundamentals of Paramedic Practice, Third Edition is ideal for undergraduate paramedic and emergency care students, as well as registered paramedics, clinicians, and educators. |
| external noise in communication: Noise Matters R. Haven Wiley, 2015-06-09 We think of noise as background sound that interferes with our ability to hear more interesting sounds. But noise is anything that interferes with the reception of signals of any sort. Whatever its cause, the consequence of noise is error by receivers, and these errors are the key to understanding how noise shapes the evolution of communication. |
| external noise in communication: Business and Professional Communication Kelly M. Quintanilla, Shawn T. Wahl, 2019-01-02 Recipient of the 2020 Textbook Excellence Award from the Textbook & Academic Authors Association (TAA) Business and Professional Communication provides students with the knowledge and skills they need to move from interview candidate, to team member, to leader. Accessible coverage of new communication technology and social media prepares students to communicate effectively in real world settings. With an emphasis on building skills for business writing and professional presentations, this text empowers students to successfully handle important work-related activities, including job interviewing, working in team, strategically utilizing visual aids, and providing feedback to supervisors. |
| external noise in communication: Applied Acoustics: Concepts, Absorbers, and Silencers for Acoustical Comfort and Noise Control Helmut V. Fuchs, 2013-01-12 The author gives a comprehensive overview of materials and components for noise control and acoustical comfort. Sound absorbers must meet acoustical and architectural requirements, which fibrous or porous material alone can meet. Basics and applications are demonstrated, with representative examples for spatial acoustics, free-field test facilities and canal linings. Acoustic engineers and construction professionals will find some new basic concepts and tools for developments in order to improve acoustical comfort. Interference absorbers, active resonators and micro-perforated absorbers of different materials and designs complete the list of applications. |
| external noise in communication: Decoding Wireless Communications Attaphongse Taparugssanagorn, 2024-06-21 Step into the captivating context of wireless technology with “Decoding Wireless Communications: Bridging Technology and Everyday Life.” Even if you are new to telecommunication engineering, this book makes the journey accessible and engaging. Through relatable analogies and insightful explanations, complex concepts become clear and relatable. Picture wireless networks as bustling cafes, and diversity techniques as the harmonious interplay of musicians in a band. Each chapter unfolds seamlessly, from combating interference with equalizers to navigating the multitasking marvels of Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM). Explore the boundaries of wireless capacity and glimpse the future of 5G, Artificial Intelligence (AI), and the Internet of Things (IoT). Whether you are a curious beginner or a seasoned professional, this book promises an enlightening journey. With its blend of practical insights and thought-provoking reflections, “Decoding Wireless Communications” is your indispensable guide to thriving in our interconnected world. Prepare to be inspired and equipped with the knowledge to decode the intricacies of wireless technology. Grab your copy now and set forth on a journey of discovery that seamlessly intertwines technology with the fabric of everyday life. |
| external noise in communication: FUNDAMENTALS OF BUSINESS COMMUNICATION Dr.P. Anbuoli , Mr.Sajipillai.G, |
| external noise in communication: Handbook of Antennas in Wireless Communications Lal Chand Godara, 2018-10-03 The move toward worldwide wireless communications continues at a remarkable pace, and the antenna element of the technology is crucial to its success. With contributions from more than 30 international experts, the Handbook of Antennas in Wireless Communications brings together all of the latest research and results to provide engineering professionals and students with a one-stop reference on the theory, technologies, and applications for indoor, hand-held, mobile, and satellite systems. Beginning with an introduction to wireless communications systems, it offers an in-depth treatment of propagation prediction and fading channels. It then explores antenna technology with discussion of antenna design methods and the various antennas in current use or development for base stations, hand held devices, satellite communications, and shaping beams. The discussions then move to smart antennas and phased array technology, including details on array theory and beamforming techniques. Space diversity, direction-of-arrival estimation, source tracking, and blind source separation methods are addressed, as are the implementation of smart antennas and the results of field trials of systems using smart antennas implemented. Finally, the hot media topic of the safety of mobile phones receives due attention, including details of how the human body interacts with the electromagnetic fields of these devices. Its logical development and extensive range of diagrams, figures, and photographs make this handbook easy to follow and provide a clear understanding of design techniques and the performance of finished products. Its unique, comprehensive coverage written by top experts in their fields promises to make the Handbook of Antennas in Wireless Communications the standard reference for the field. |
| external noise in communication: An Introduction to Analog and Digital Communications Simon Haykin, Michael Moher, 2012-04-13 The second edition of this accessible book provides readers with an introductory treatment of communication theory as applied to the transmission of information-bearing signals. While it covers analog communications, the emphasis is placed on digital technology. It begins by presenting the functional blocks that constitute the transmitter and receiver of a communication system. Readers will next learn about electrical noise and then progress to multiplexing and multiple access techniques. |
| external noise in communication: Technician's Guide to Electronic Communications Frederick L. Gould, 1997 Veteran electronics technician Frederick Gould clearly explains electronics communications theory and circuit operations in a language technicians can understand. This practical guide is free of jargon and complicated mathematics. Coverage includes communications transmitters; antennas, satellite, and personal communications systems; safety, test equipment and maintenance practices; spinoffs from military applications; and future trends. |
| external noise in communication: Foundations of Family Resource Management Elizabeth B. Goldsmith, 2022-08-22 Foundations of Family Resource Management uses the lenses of consumer science, management, and economics, and beyond to help students make intelligent decisions about resources, time, and energies at the individual and family level. It has a strong interdisciplinary, global, and multicultural focus. This sixth edition brings in new material on millennials, delayed marriage, household composition, neuroscience, behavioral economics, sustainable consumption, technology, and handling crises. It has been updated in line with the latest census data and academic literature. The text contains lots of features to support student learning, including chapter summaries, Did You Know? questions, glossary of key terms, examples and cases, critical thinking activities, and review questions for discussion and reflection. Lecture slides and an instructor manual are available as digital supplements. This textbook meets the standards and criteria for the Certified Family Life Educator (CFLE) designation of the National Council on Family Relations (NCFR) and will be suitable for resource management courses in family and consumer science, human ecology, and human environmental science programs. |
| external noise in communication: Electronic Noise and Interfering Signals Gabriel Vasilescu, 2006-01-17 Electronic Noise and Interfering Signals is a comprehensive reference book on noise and interference in electronic circuits, with particular focus on low-noise design. The first part of the book deals with mechanisms, modelling, and computation of intrinsic noise which is generated in every electronic device. The second part analyzes the coupling mechanisms which can lead to a contamination of circuits by parasitic signals and provides appropriate solutions to this problem. The last part contains more than 100 practical, elaborate case studies. The book requires no advanced mathematical training as it introduces the fundamental methods. Moreover, it provides insight into computational noise analysis with SPICE and NOF, a software developed by the author. The book addresses designers of electronic circuits as well as researchers from electrical engineering, physics, and material science. It should also be of interest for undergraduate and graduate students. |
| external noise in communication: Analysis and Simulation of Noise in Nonlinear Electronic Circuits and Systems Alper Demir, Alberto Sangiovanni-Vincentelli, 2012-12-06 In electronic circuit and system design, the word noise is used to refer to any undesired excitation on the system. In other contexts, noise is also used to refer to signals or excitations which exhibit chaotic or random behavior. The source of noise can be either internal or external to the system. For instance, the thermal and shot noise generated within integrated circuit devices are in ternal noise sources, and the noise picked up from the environment through electromagnetic interference is an external one. Electromagnetic interference can also occur between different components of the same system. In integrated circuits (Ies), signals in one part of the system can propagate to the other parts of the same system through electromagnetic coupling, power supply lines and the Ie substrate. For instance, in a mixed-signal Ie, the switching activity in the digital parts of the circuit can adversely affect the performance of the analog section of the circuit by traveling through the power supply lines and the substrate. Prediction of the effect of these noise sources on the performance of an electronic system is called noise analysis or noise simulation. A methodology for the noise analysis or simulation of an electronic system usually has the following four components: 2 NOISE IN NONLINEAR ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS • Mathematical representations or models for the noise sources. • Mathematical model or representation for the system that is under the in fluence of the noise sources. |
| external noise in communication: Summary of Research at Boulder Laboratories for the Year ... Boulder Laboratories (U.S.), 1958 |
| external noise in communication: Trends in Communications Satellites Denis J. Curtin, 2013-10-22 Trends in Communications Satellites offers a comprehensive look at trends and advances in satellite communications, including experimental ones such as NASA satellites and those jointly developed by France and Germany. The economic aspects of communications satellites are also examined. This book consists of 16 chapters and begins with a discussion on the fundamentals of electrical communications and their application to space communications, including spacecraft, earth stations, and orbit and wavelength utilization. The next section demonstrates how successful commercial satellite communications have become, citing the INTELSAT series of satellites. The forerunners of INTELSAT satellites are mentioned, and the major characteristics of all INTELSAT satellites are surveyed. One chapter is devoted to the rapidly growing use of communications satellites for various domestic systems, focusing on the systems developed by the Hughes Aircraft Company for Canada, Indonesia, and the United States. The next section considers the economics of communications satellite systems using the INTELSAT and COMSAT experience. The concluding section presents a compilation in tabular and graphical form of the physical characteristics of the satellites discussed in the text. This monograph will be a useful resource for satellite communications engineers as well as policymakers concerned with communications satellites and space exploration more generally. |
| external noise in communication: Performance Predictions for Single Tropospheric Communication Links and for Several Links in Tandem A. P. Barsis, 1961 |
| external noise in communication: Canadian Clinical Nursing Skills and Techniques E-Book Shelley Cobbett, Anne G. Perry, Patricia A. Potter, Wendy R. Ostendorf, 2019-05-21 - NEW! Fully revised for a Canadian classroom includes Canadian statistics, references and resources, protocols, documentation standards, delegation rules, Canadian nursing best practice guidelines, metric measurements, and more! - NEW! All topics, skills, and sample documentation conform to Canadian provincial and territorial scopes of practice and Canadian standards in nursing practice. - NEW! Inclusion of Canadian concepts Person-Centred Care, Evidence-Informed Practice, Interprofessional Collaboration and Delegation and Care in the Community. - NEW! Greater emphasis on cultural assessment/considerations and caring for Indigenous and vulnerable populations. - NEW! Thoroughly revised chapters reflect Canadian practice and guidelines including Emergency Preparedness and Disaster Management, Palliative Care, Cardiac Care, Vascular Access and Infusion Therapy, Oral Nutrition, and Prevention of Skin Breakdown and Wound Care. - NEW! Enhanced and updated art program includes 70 new figures. |
| external noise in communication: The Alzheimer's Alphabet: A Comprehensive Guide to Essential Terms for Families Nathan Richardson, 2024-10-24 Navigating the world of Alzheimer's disease can feel overwhelming, a labyrinth of unfamiliar terms and complex medical concepts. This book acts as your personal guide, offering a clear and concise explanation of essential terminology related to Alzheimer's. Think of it as an alphabet for understanding the disease, one letter at a time. From amyloid plaques and cholinesterase inhibitors to sundowning and vascular dementia, this comprehensive resource defines key terms in a way that is easy to comprehend. It explores the different stages of Alzheimer's, discusses the role of genetics and environmental factors, and delves into the emotional and practical aspects of caring for someone with the disease. Written with sensitivity and empathy, this book is not just a dictionary but a tool for empowerment. It equips families with the knowledge they need to make informed decisions, advocate for their loved ones, and navigate the challenges of this complex condition. By understanding the vocabulary of Alzheimer's, you can begin to understand the disease itself, paving the way for better communication, informed care, and a stronger sense of control during a difficult journey. |
| external noise in communication: Paramedic Principles and Practice in the UK - E-Book Aidan Ward, 2023-04-13 Paramedic Principles and Practice in the UK is a key textbook designed to support paramedicine students in this country throughout their studies. The volume takes a practical approach, with case histories covering a broad range of clinical presentations and treatments, all incorporating a patient-centric perspective that acknowledges the longer patient journey. This must-have textbook will not only arm readers with technical knowledge and expertise, but also with the non-technical principles of the profession, developing future paramedics who are able to provide a safe and effective management plan in the out-of-hospital environment. - Aligned to UK paramedicine curricula - More than 40 detailed case studies covering essential pathologies most commonly seen by UK paramedics, as well as less typical scenarios - Evidence-based clinical decision-making models to support paramedics in practice - Essential physiological concepts to help readers bridge the gap from principles to practice - Focus on the wellbeing of both the patient and the paramedic - Useful appendices including medications commonly encountered in paramedic settings |
| external noise in communication: The Natural Speaker Randy Fujishin, 2016-05-23 The Natural Speaker is a concise, practical, inexpensive, student-friendly guide to public speaking that explores the basic skills necessary to present a natural, effective, and rewarding speech to any audience. By providing a basic knowledge of speech construction, practice, and delivery, this book is designed to enhance and improve students' natural speaking strengths. Featuring a warm, simple, and humorous writing style, The Natural Speaker presents the fundamental concepts and skills required for effective speaking. |
| external noise in communication: I and Thou Martin Buber, 2004-12-09 'The publication of Martin Buber's I and Thou was a great event in the religious life of the West.' Reinhold Niebuhr Martin Buber (1897-19) was a prolific and influential teacher and writer, who taught philosophy at the Hebrew University in Jerusalem from 1939 to 1951. Having studied philosophy and art at the universities of Vienna, Zurich and Berlin, he became an active Zionist and was closely involved in the revival of Hasidism. Recognised as a landmark of twentieth century intellectual history, I and Thou is Buber's masterpiece. In this book, his enormous learning and wisdom are distilled into a simple, but compelling vision. It proposes nothing less than a new form of the Deity for today, a new form of human being and of a good life. In so doing, it addresses all religious and social dimensions of the human personality. Translated by Ronald Gregor Smith> |
| external noise in communication: The Development of an Airways Ultra-high-frequency Communications Circuit J. C. Hromada, P. De Forrest McKeel, 1938 |
| external noise in communication: Strength and Tenacity: Research on Reputation Building of Chinese State-Owned Enterprises in the U.S. Tian Xiangning, 2022-07-24 The state-owned enterprises (SOEs) play important roles in China’s “going global” strategy, and their reputation is closely related to China’s national image. This book examines the reputation of Chinese SOEs from the perspective of communication. Based on the total corporate communications approach, this book suggests that corporate reputation is affected by a three-part system process. Meanwhile, the book regards institutional environment as underlying factors in the process. Focusing on the U.S. market, this book conducts case studies on two representative enterprises, China Construction America and China Railway Rolling Stock America Corporation. Results show that the two enterprises have developed different reputation effects but faced similar problems. On the one hand, the institutional power of the U.S. has effects on media coverage trends, which poses a challenge for Chinese SOEs to establish legitimacy. On the other hand, Chinese SOEs are lack of initiative in reputation building, making it difficult to create comprehensive reputation systems. Based on above analysis, the book proposes a model of reputation building for overseas Chinese SOEs. Hopefully, it may provide references for academic exploration and corporate practices. |
Citing Sources: APA, MLA & Chicago Styles - City University of …
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Evaluating Information Sources: What Is A Peer-Reviewed Article?
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Lloyd Sealy Library John Jay College of Criminal Justice 899 10th Avenue, New York, New York 10019 ()Mailing address: 524 West 59th Street, New York, New York 10019
Annual report / Police Department, City of New York. (1912)
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The People of the State of New York v Elise Hoffman (Trial #1360)
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Evaluating Information Sources: What Is A Peer-Reviewed Article?
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How to write an outline - Lloyd Sealy Library
Lloyd Sealy Library John Jay College of Criminal Justice 899 10th Avenue, New York, New York 10019 ()Mailing address: 524 West 59th Street, New York, New York 10019
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