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| diffusion definition in chemistry: Chemistry 2e Paul Flowers, Richard Langely, William R. Robinson, Klaus Hellmut Theopold, 2019-02-14 Chemistry 2e is designed to meet the scope and sequence requirements of the two-semester general chemistry course. The textbook provides an important opportunity for students to learn the core concepts of chemistry and understand how those concepts apply to their lives and the world around them. The book also includes a number of innovative features, including interactive exercises and real-world applications, designed to enhance student learning. The second edition has been revised to incorporate clearer, more current, and more dynamic explanations, while maintaining the same organization as the first edition. Substantial improvements have been made in the figures, illustrations, and example exercises that support the text narrative. Changes made in Chemistry 2e are described in the preface to help instructors transition to the second edition. |
| diffusion definition in chemistry: Diffusion Fundamentals Jörg Kärger, 2005 |
| diffusion definition in chemistry: Principles of Biology Lisa Bartee, Walter Shiner, Catherine Creech, 2017 The Principles of Biology sequence (BI 211, 212 and 213) introduces biology as a scientific discipline for students planning to major in biology and other science disciplines. Laboratories and classroom activities introduce techniques used to study biological processes and provide opportunities for students to develop their ability to conduct research. |
| diffusion definition in chemistry: Encyclopedia of Colloid and Interface Science Tharwat Tadros, 2013-06-28 An authoritative and comprehensive reference relevant to all scientists and engineers in the field. This encyclopedia not only helps chemistry, materials science and physics researchers to understand the principles, but also provides practicing engineers with the necessary information for implementing practical applications, such as Food and agrochemicals Polymers and ceramics Cosmetics and detergents Paints and coatings Pharmaceuticals and drug delivery In addition, the encyclopedia is an important reference for industrial chemists and chemical engineers faced with a multitude of industrial systems of a colloidal nature. As wide as the range of applications that colloid and interface science has is the range of scientific disciplines that contribute to research and development in this field. These encompass chemistry, physics, biology and mathematics as well as nanoscience and nanotechnology. The encyclopedia provides easy-to-digest information for meeting these interdisciplinary challenges. While providing numerous concise definitions of key terms, the encyclopedia also features more than forty in-depth essays on topics ranging from Agrochemical Formulations to Zeta Potential. All entries are cross-referenced and include selected references to original literature as well as synonyms. |
| diffusion definition in chemistry: Encyclopedia of Soil Science Ward Chesworth, 2007-11-22 The Encyclopedia of Soil Science provides a comprehensive, alphabetical treatment of basic soil science in a single volume. It constitutes a wide ranging and authorative collection of some 160 academic articles covering the salient aspects of soil physics, chemistry, biology, fertility, technology, genesis, morphology, classification and geomorphology. With increased usage of soil for world food production, building materials, and waste repositories, demand has grown for a better global understanding of soil and its processes. longer articles by leading authorities from around the world are supplemented by some 430 definitions of common terms in soil sciences. |
| diffusion definition in chemistry: Fortran Programs for Chemical Process Design, Analysis, and Simulation A. Kayode Coker, 1995-01-25 Numerical Computation. Physical Property Data. Fluid Flow. Equipment Sizing. Instrument Sizing. Compressors and Pump Hydraulics. Mass Transfer. Heat Transfer. Engineering Economics. Imperial/SI Units Conversion Table. Appendix A: Tables. Appendix B: Source Code Printouts. |
| diffusion definition in chemistry: Diffusion in Materials A.L. Laskar, J.L. Bocquet, G. Brébec, C. Monty, 2012-12-06 This volume is the proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute, Diffusion in Materials, held at Centre Paul Langevin, Aussois, during March 12-25, 1989. There were 105 participants of whom 24 were lecturers and members of the international advisory committee. In addition to the participants from NATO countries, a small number of participants came from Australia, Hungary, Poland and Tunisia. The principal aim of the organizing committee was to bring together scientists of wide interest and expertise in the field of diffusion and to familiarize the young workers in material science with the wide range of theoretical models and methods and of experimental techniques . The Institute was concerned with the study of diffusion and related phenomena in solids which are at the cutting edge of novel technologies. The discussion of basic theories of defects in solids and their transport, with their applications in the understanding of diffusion processes in simple solids was followed by the wide range of current theoretical models and methods, experimental techniques and their potential. The lectures on the diffusion in specific materials included : metals, dilute and concentrated alloys, simple and compound semiconductors, stoichiometric and non-stoichiometric oxides, high-Tc compounds, carbides, nitrides, silicates, conducting polymers and thin films, ionic, superionic, amorphous and irradiated materials. |
| diffusion definition in chemistry: Diffusion in Minerals and Melts Youxue Zhang, Daniele J. Cherniak, 2010 Volume 72 of Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry represents an extensive compilation of the material presented by the invited speakers at a short course on Diffusion in Minerals and Melts held prior (December 11-12, 2010) to the Annual fall meeting of the American Geophysical Union in San Francisco, California. The short course was held at the Napa Valley Marriott Hotel and Spa in Napa, California and was sponsored by the Mineralogical Society of America and the Geochemical Society. |
| diffusion definition in chemistry: Cell Biology by the Numbers Ron Milo, Rob Phillips, 2015-12-07 A Top 25 CHOICE 2016 Title, and recipient of the CHOICE Outstanding Academic Title (OAT) Award. How much energy is released in ATP hydrolysis? How many mRNAs are in a cell? How genetically similar are two random people? What is faster, transcription or translation?Cell Biology by the Numbers explores these questions and dozens of others provid |
| diffusion definition in chemistry: Phase Transitions in Foods Yrjö H. Roos, Yrjo H Roos, 1995-06-12 Assembling recent research and theories, this book describes the phase and state transitions that affect technological properties of biological materials occurring in food processing and storage. It covers the role of water as a plasticizer, the effect of transitions on mechanical and chemical changes, and the application of modeling in predicting stability rates of changes. The volume presents methods for detecting changes in the physical state and various techniques used to analyze phase behavior of biopolymers and food components. This book should become a valuable resource for anyone involved with food engineering, processing, storage, and quality, as well as those working on related properties of pharmaceuticals and other biopolymers. - Contains descriptions of nonfat food solids asbiopolymerswhich exhibit physical properties that are highly dependent on temperature, time, and water content - Details the effects of water on the state and stability of foods - Includes information on changes occuring in state and physicochemical properties during processing and storage - The only book on phase and state transitions written specifically for the applications in food industry, product development, and research - No recent competition |
| diffusion definition in chemistry: Regulation of Tissue Oxygenation, Second Edition Roland N. Pittman, 2016-08-18 This presentation describes various aspects of the regulation of tissue oxygenation, including the roles of the circulatory system, respiratory system, and blood, the carrier of oxygen within these components of the cardiorespiratory system. The respiratory system takes oxygen from the atmosphere and transports it by diffusion from the air in the alveoli to the blood flowing through the pulmonary capillaries. The cardiovascular system then moves the oxygenated blood from the heart to the microcirculation of the various organs by convection, where oxygen is released from hemoglobin in the red blood cells and moves to the parenchymal cells of each tissue by diffusion. Oxygen that has diffused into cells is then utilized in the mitochondria to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the energy currency of all cells. The mitochondria are able to produce ATP until the oxygen tension or PO2 on the cell surface falls to a critical level of about 4–5 mm Hg. Thus, in order to meet the energetic needs of cells, it is important to maintain a continuous supply of oxygen to the mitochondria at or above the critical PO2 . In order to accomplish this desired outcome, the cardiorespiratory system, including the blood, must be capable of regulation to ensure survival of all tissues under a wide range of circumstances. The purpose of this presentation is to provide basic information about the operation and regulation of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, as well as the properties of the blood and parenchymal cells, so that a fundamental understanding of the regulation of tissue oxygenation is achieved. |
| diffusion definition in chemistry: Encyclopedia of Agrophysics Jan Gliński, Józef Horabik, Jerzy Lipiec, 2011-06-07 This Encyclopedia of Agrophysics will provide up-to-date information on the physical properties and processes affecting the quality of the environment and plant production. It will be a first-up volume which will nicely complement the recently published Encyclopedia of Soil Science, (November 2007) which was published in the same series. In a single authoritative volume a collection of about 250 informative articles and ca 400 glossary terms covering all aspects of agrophysics will be presented. The authors will be renowned specialists in various aspects in agrophysics from a wide variety of countries. Agrophysics is important both for research and practical use not only in agriculture, but also in areas like environmental science, land reclamation, food processing etc. Agrophysics is a relatively new interdisciplinary field closely related to Agrochemistry, Agrobiology, Agroclimatology and Agroecology. Nowadays it has been fully accepted as an agricultural and environmental discipline. As such this Encyclopedia volume will be an indispensable working tool for scientists and practitioners from different disciplines, like agriculture, soil science, geosciences, environmental science, geography, and engineering. |
| diffusion definition in chemistry: The Mathematics of Diffusion John Crank, 1979 Though it incorporates much new material, this new edition preserves the general character of the book in providing a collection of solutions of the equations of diffusion and describing how these solutions may be obtained. |
| diffusion definition in chemistry: The Langevin Equation William Coffey, Yu. P. Kalmykov, J. T. Waldron, 1996 The book is suitable for a lecture course on the theory of Brownian motion, being based on final year undergraduate lectures given at Trinity College, Dublin. Topics that are discussed include: white noise; the Chapman-Kolmogorov equation ? Kramers-Moyal expansion; the Langevin equation; the Fokker-Planck equation; Brownian motion of a free particle; spectral density and the Wiener-Khintchin theorem ? Brownian motion in a potential application to the Josephson effect, ring laser gyro; Brownian motion in two dimensions; harmonic oscillators; itinerant oscillators; linear response theory; rotational Brownian motion; application to loss processes in dielectric and ferrofluids; superparamagnetism and nonlinear relaxation processes.As the first elementary book on the Langevin equation approach to Brownian motion, this volume attempts to fill in all the missing details which students find particularly hard to comprehend from the fundamental papers contained in the Dover reprint ? Selected Papers on Noise and Stochastic Processes, ed. N Wax (1954) ? together with modern applications particularly to relaxation in ferrofluids and polar dielectrics. |
| diffusion definition in chemistry: Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. Physical and Biophysical Chemistry Division, 2007 Prepared by the IUPAC Physical Chemistry Division this definitive manual, now in its third edition, is designed to improve the exchange of scientific information among the readers in different disciplines and across different nations. This book has been systematically brought up to date and new sections added to reflect the increasing volume of scientific literature and terminology and expressions being used. The Third Edition reflects the experience of the contributors with the previous editions and the comments and feedback have been integrated into this essential resource. This edition has been compiled in machine-readable form and will be available online. |
| diffusion definition in chemistry: Diffusion in Nanoporous Materials, 2 Volumes Jörg Kärger, Douglas M. Ruthven, Doros N. Theodorou, 2012-10-29 Atoms and molecules in all states of matter are subject to continuous irregular movement. This process, referred to as diffusion, is among the most general and basic phenomena in nature and determines the performance of many technological processes. This book provides an introduction to the fascinating world of diffusion in microporous solids. Jointly written by three well-known researchers in this field, it presents a coherent treatise, rather than a compilation of separate review articles, covering the theoretical fundamentals, molecular modeling, experimental observation and technical applications. Based on the book Diffusion in Zeolites and other Microporous Solids, originally published in 1992, it illustrates the remarkable speed with which this field has developed since that time. Specific topics include: new families of nanoporous materials, micro-imaging and single-particle tracking, direct monitoring of transient profiles by interference microscopy, single-file diffusion and new approaches to molecular modeling. |
| diffusion definition in chemistry: Beyond the Molecular Frontier National Research Council, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology, Committee on Challenges for the Chemical Sciences in the 21st Century, 2003-03-19 Chemistry and chemical engineering have changed significantly in the last decade. They have broadened their scopeâ€into biology, nanotechnology, materials science, computation, and advanced methods of process systems engineering and controlâ€so much that the programs in most chemistry and chemical engineering departments now barely resemble the classical notion of chemistry. Beyond the Molecular Frontier brings together research, discovery, and invention across the entire spectrum of the chemical sciencesâ€from fundamental, molecular-level chemistry to large-scale chemical processing technology. This reflects the way the field has evolved, the synergy at universities between research and education in chemistry and chemical engineering, and the way chemists and chemical engineers work together in industry. The astonishing developments in science and engineering during the 20th century have made it possible to dream of new goals that might previously have been considered unthinkable. This book identifies the key opportunities and challenges for the chemical sciences, from basic research to societal needs and from terrorism defense to environmental protection, and it looks at the ways in which chemists and chemical engineers can work together to contribute to an improved future. |
| diffusion definition in chemistry: Concepts of Biology Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise, 2023-05-12 Black & white print. Concepts of Biology is designed for the typical introductory biology course for nonmajors, covering standard scope and sequence requirements. The text includes interesting applications and conveys the major themes of biology, with content that is meaningful and easy to understand. The book is designed to demonstrate biology concepts and to promote scientific literacy. |
| diffusion definition in chemistry: Molecular Biology of the Cell , 2002 |
| diffusion definition in chemistry: The Chemical Element Javier García-Martínez, Elena Serrano-Torregrosa, 2011-09-19 In the International Year of Chemistry, prominent scientists highlight the major advances in the fight against the largest problems faced by humanity from the point of view of chemistry, showing how their science is essential to ensuring our long-term survival. Following the UN Millennium Development Goals, the authors examine the ten most critical areas, including energy, climate, food, water and health. All of them are opinion leaders in their fields, or high-ranking decision makers in national and international institutions. Intended to provide an intellectual basis for the future development of chemistry, this book is aimed at a wide readership including students, professionals, engineers, scientists, environmentalists and anyone interested in a more sustainable future. |
| diffusion definition in chemistry: Silicate Glasses and Melts Bjorn Mysen, Pascal Richet, 2018-11-27 Silicate Glasses and Melts, Second Edition describes the structure-property-composition relationships for silicate glasses and melts from a geological and industrial perspective. Updated sections include (i) characterization of silicate melt and COHN fluid structure (with and without dissolved silicate components) with pressure, temperature, and redox conditions and responses of structural variables to chemical composition, (ii) determination of solubility and solution mechanisms of COHN volatiles in silicate melts and minerals and of solubility and solution mechanisms of silicate components in COHN fluids, and (iii) effects of very high pressure on structure and properties of melts and glasses. This new book is an essential resource for researchers in a number of fields, including geology, geophysics, geoscience, volcanology, material science, glass science, petrology and mineralogy. - Brings together multidisciplinary research scattered across the scientific literature into one reference, with a focus on silicate melts and their application to natural systems - Emphasizes linking melt properties to melt structure - Includes a discussion of the pros and cons of the use of glass as a proxy for melt structure and properties - Written by highly regarded experts in the field who, among other honors, were the 2006 recipients of the prestigious G.W. Morey award of the American Ceramic Society |
| diffusion definition in chemistry: An Introduction to Chemical Kinetics Michel Soustelle, 2013-02-07 This book is a progressive presentation of kinetics of the chemical reactions. It provides complete coverage of the domain of chemical kinetics, which is necessary for the various future users in the fields of Chemistry, Physical Chemistry, Materials Science, Chemical Engineering, Macromolecular Chemistry and Combustion. It will help them to understand the most sophisticated knowledge of their future job area. Over 15 chapters, this book present the fundamentals of chemical kinetics, its relations with reaction mechanisms and kinetic properties. Two chapters are then devoted to experimental results and how to calculate the kinetic laws in both homogeneous and heterogeneous systems. The following two chapters describe the main approximation modes to calculate these laws. Three chapters are devoted to elementary steps with the various classes, the principles used to write them and their modeling using the theory of the activated complex in gas and condensed phases. Three chapters are devoted to the particular areas of chemical reactions, chain reactions, catalysis and the stoichiometric heterogeneous reactions. Finally the non-steady-state processes of combustion and explosion are treated in the final chapter. |
| diffusion definition in chemistry: Advanced Diffusion Encoding Methods in MRI Daniel Topgaard, 2020-08-17 The medical MRI community is by far the largest user of diffusion NMR techniques and this book captures the current surge of methods and provides a primary source to aid adoption in this field. There is a trend to adapting the more advanced diffusion encoding sequences developed by NMR researchers within the fields of porous media, chemical engineering, and colloid science to medical research. Recently published papers indicate great potential for improved diagnosis of the numerous pathological conditions associated with changes of tissue microstructure that are invisible to conventional diffusion MRI. This book disseminates these recent developments to the wider community of MRI researchers and clinicians. The chapters cover the theoretical basis, hardware and pulse sequences, data analysis and validation, and recent applications aimed at promoting further growth in the field. This is a fast moving field and chapters are written by key MRI scientists that have contributed to the successful translation of the advanced diffusion NMR methods to the context of medical MRI, from global locations. |
| diffusion definition in chemistry: Encyclopedia of Electrochemical Power Sources Jürgen Garche, Chris K. Dyer, Patrick T. Moseley, Zempachi Ogumi, David A. J. Rand, Bruno Scrosati, 2013-05-20 The Encyclopedia of Electrochemical Power Sources is a truly interdisciplinary reference for those working with batteries, fuel cells, electrolyzers, supercapacitors, and photo-electrochemical cells. With a focus on the environmental and economic impact of electrochemical power sources, this five-volume work consolidates coverage of the field and serves as an entry point to the literature for professionals and students alike. Covers the main types of power sources, including their operating principles, systems, materials, and applications Serves as a primary source of information for electrochemists, materials scientists, energy technologists, and engineers Incorporates nearly 350 articles, with timely coverage of such topics as environmental and sustainability considerations |
| diffusion definition in chemistry: Foundation Course for NEET (Part 2): Chemistry Class 9 Lakhmir Singh & Manjit Kaur, Our NEET Foundation series is sharply focused for the NEET aspirants. Most of the students make a career choice in the middle school and, therefore, choose their stream informally in secondary and formally in senior secondary schooling, accordingly. If you have decided to make a career in the medical profession, you need not look any further! Adopt this series for Class 9 and 10 today. |
| diffusion definition in chemistry: Diffusion in Solids Helmut Mehrer, 2007-07-24 This book describes the central aspects of diffusion in solids, and goes on to provide easy access to important information about diffusion in metals, alloys, semiconductors, ion-conducting materials, glasses and nanomaterials. Coverage includes diffusion-controlled phenomena including ionic conduction, grain-boundary and dislocation pipe diffusion. This book will benefit graduate students in such disciplines as solid-state physics, physical metallurgy, materials science, and geophysics, as well as scientists in academic and industrial research laboratories. |
| diffusion definition in chemistry: Analytical Electrochemistry Joseph Wang, 2004-03-24 The critically acclaimed guide to the principles, techniques, and instruments of electroanalytical chemistry-now expanded and revised Joseph Wang, internationally renowned authority on electroanalytical techniques, thoroughly revises his acclaimed book to reflect the rapid growth the field has experienced in recent years. He substantially expands the theoretical discussion while providing comprehensive coverage of the latest advances through late 1999, introducing such exciting new topics as self-assembled monolayers, DNA biosensors, lab-on-a-chip, detection for capillary electrophoresis, single molecule detection, and sol-gel surface modification. Along with numerous references from the current literature and new worked-out examples, Analytical Electrochemistry, Second Edition offers clear, reader-friendly explanations of the fundamental principles of electrochemical processes as well as important insight into the potential of electroanalysis for problem solving in a wide range of fields, from clinical diagnostics to environmental science. Key topics include: The basics of electrode reactions and the structure of the interfacial region Tools for elucidating electrode reactions and high-resolution surface characterization An overview of finite-current controlled potential techniques Electrochemical instrumentation and electrode materials Principles of potentiometric measurements and ion-selective electrodes Chemical sensors, including biosensors, gas sensors, solid-state devices, and sensor arrays |
| diffusion definition in chemistry: Encyclopedia of Geochemistry C.P. Marshall, Rhodes W. Fairbridge, 1999-07-31 This is a complete and authoritative reference text on an evolving field. Over 200 international scientists have written over 340 separate topics on different aspects of geochemistry including organics, trace elements, isotopes, high and low temperature geochemistry, and ore deposits, to name just a few. |
| diffusion definition in chemistry: Encyclopedia of Geochemistry William M. White, 2018-07-24 The Encyclopedia is a complete and authoritative reference work for this rapidly evolving field. Over 200 international scientists, each experts in their specialties, have written over 330 separate topics on different aspects of geochemistry including geochemical thermodynamics and kinetics, isotope and organic geochemistry, meteorites and cosmochemistry, the carbon cycle and climate, trace elements, geochemistry of high and low temperature processes, and ore deposition, to name just a few. The geochemical behavior of the elements is described as is the state of the art in analytical geochemistry. Each topic incorporates cross-referencing to related articles, and also has its own reference list to lead the reader to the essential articles within the published literature. The entries are arranged alphabetically, for easy access, and the subject and citation indices are comprehensive and extensive. Geochemistry applies chemical techniques and approaches to understanding the Earth and how it works. It touches upon almost every aspect of earth science, ranging from applied topics such as the search for energy and mineral resources, environmental pollution, and climate change to more basic questions such as the Earth’s origin and composition, the origin and evolution of life, rock weathering and metamorphism, and the pattern of ocean and mantle circulation. Geochemistry allows us to assign absolute ages to events in Earth’s history, to trace the flow of ocean water both now and in the past, trace sediments into subduction zones and arc volcanoes, and trace petroleum to its source rock and ultimately the environment in which it formed. The earliest of evidence of life is chemical and isotopic traces, not fossils, preserved in rocks. Geochemistry has allowed us to unravel the history of the ice ages and thereby deduce their cause. Geochemistry allows us to determine the swings in Earth’s surface temperatures during the ice ages, determine the temperatures and pressures at which rocks have been metamorphosed, and the rates at which ancient magma chambers cooled and crystallized. The field has grown rapidly more sophisticated, in both analytical techniques that can determine elemental concentrations or isotope ratios with exquisite precision and in computational modeling on scales ranging from atomic to planetary. |
| diffusion definition in chemistry: Inanimate Life George M. Briggs, 2021-07-16 |
| diffusion definition in chemistry: How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General, 2010 This report considers the biological and behavioral mechanisms that may underlie the pathogenicity of tobacco smoke. Many Surgeon General's reports have considered research findings on mechanisms in assessing the biological plausibility of associations observed in epidemiologic studies. Mechanisms of disease are important because they may provide plausibility, which is one of the guideline criteria for assessing evidence on causation. This report specifically reviews the evidence on the potential mechanisms by which smoking causes diseases and considers whether a mechanism is likely to be operative in the production of human disease by tobacco smoke. This evidence is relevant to understanding how smoking causes disease, to identifying those who may be particularly susceptible, and to assessing the potential risks of tobacco products. |
| diffusion definition in chemistry: The Neuroscience of Autism Spectrum Disorders Joseph D. Buxbaum, Patrick R. Hof, 2012-10-25 Autism is no longer considered a rare disease, and the Center for Disease Control now estimates that upwards of 730,000 children in the US struggle with this isolating brain disorder. New research is leading to greater understanding of and ability to treat the disorder at an earlier age. It is hoped that further genetic and imaging studies will lead to biologically based diagnostic techniques that could help speed detection and allow early, more effective intervention. Edited by two leaders in the field, this volume offers a current survey and synthesis of the most important findings of the neuroscience behind autism of the past 20 years. With chapters authored by experts in each topic, the volume explores etiology, neuropathology, imaging, and pathways/models. Offering a broad background of ASDs with a unique focus on neurobiology, the volume offers more than the others on the market with a strictly clinical focus or a single authored perspective that fails to offer expert, comprehensive coverage. Researchers and graduate students alike with an interest in developmental disorders and autism will benefit, as will autism specialists across psychology and medicine looking to expand their expertise. Uniquely explores ASDs from a neurobiological angle, looking to uncover the molecular/cellular basis rather than to merely catalog the commonly used behavioral interventions Comprehensive coverage synthesizes widely dispersed research, serving as one-stop shopping for neurodevelopmental disorder researchers and autism specialists Edited work with chapters authored by leaders in the field around the globe - the broadest, most expert coverage available |
| diffusion definition in chemistry: Handbook of Neuro-Oncology Neuroimaging Herbert B. Newton, 2022-08-21 With treatment approaches and the field of neuro-oncology neuroimaging changing rapidly, this third edition of the Handbook of Neuro-Oncology Neuroimaging is very relevant to those in the field, providing a single-source, comprehensive, reference handbook of the most up-to-date clinical and technical information regarding the application of neuroimaging techniques to brain tumor and neuro-oncology patients. This new volume will have updates on all of the material from the second edition, and in addition features several new important chapters covering diverse topics such as imaging for the use of Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy, advanced imaging techniques in radiation therapy, therapeutic treatment fields, response assessment in clinical trials, surgical planning of neoplastic disease of the spine, and more. Sections first overview neuro-oncological disorders before delving into the physics and basic science of neuroimaging and great focus on CT and MRI. The book then focuses on advances in the neuroimaging of brain tumors and neuroimaging of specific tumor types. There is also discussion of neuroimaging of other neuro-oncological syndromes. This book will serve as a resource of background information to neuroimaging researchers and basic scientists with an interest in brain tumors and neuro-oncology. - Summarizes translational research on brain imaging for brain tumors - Discusses limitations of neuroimaging for diagnosis and treatment - Presents advanced imaging technologies, including CT, MRI, and PET - Contains new coverage on Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy, radiation therapy, clinical trials, and more |
| diffusion definition in chemistry: Springer Handbook of Electronic and Photonic Materials Safa Kasap, Peter Capper, 2017-10-04 The second, updated edition of this essential reference book provides a wealth of detail on a wide range of electronic and photonic materials, starting from fundamentals and building up to advanced topics and applications. Its extensive coverage, with clear illustrations and applications, carefully selected chapter sequencing and logical flow, makes it very different from other electronic materials handbooks. It has been written by professionals in the field and instructors who teach the subject at a university or in corporate laboratories. The Springer Handbook of Electronic and Photonic Materials, second edition, includes practical applications used as examples, details of experimental techniques, useful tables that summarize equations, and, most importantly, properties of various materials, as well as an extensive glossary. Along with significant updates to the content and the references, the second edition includes a number of new chapters such as those covering novel materials and selected applications. This handbook is a valuable resource for graduate students, researchers and practicing professionals working in the area of electronic, optoelectronic and photonic materials. |
| diffusion definition in chemistry: Physical Chemistry for the Biosciences Raymond Chang, 2005-02-11 This book is ideal for use in a one-semester introductory course in physical chemistry for students of life sciences. The author's aim is to emphasize the understanding of physical concepts rather than focus on precise mathematical development or on actual experimental details. Subsequently, only basic skills of differential and integral calculus are required for understanding the equations. The end-of-chapter problems have both physiochemical and biological applications. |
| diffusion definition in chemistry: Sintering Suk-Joong L. Kang, 2004-11-27 Sintering is the process of forming materials and components from a powder under the action of thermal energy. It is a key materials science subject: most ceramic materials and many specialist metal powder products for use in key industries such as electronics, automotive and aerospace are formed this way. Written by one of the leading experts in the field, this book offers an unrivalled introduction to sintering and sintering processes for students of materials science and engineering, and practicing engineers in industry. The book is unique in providing a complete grounding in the principles of sintering and equal coverage of the three key sintering processes: densification, grain growth and microstructure. Students and professional engineers alike will be attracted by the emphasis on developing a detailed understanding of the theory and practical processes of sintering, the balanced coverage of ceramic and metal sintering, and the accompanying examination questions with selected solutions. - Delivering unrivalled depth of coverage on the basis of sintering, science, including thermodynamics and polycrystalline microstructure. - Unique in its balanced coverage of the three key sintering elements - densification, grain growth and microstructure. - A key reference for students and engineers in materials science and engineering, accompanied by examination questions and selected solutions. |
| diffusion definition in chemistry: Separation Technologies for the Industries of the Future Panel on Separation Technology for Industrial Reuse and Recycling, Committee on Industrial Technology Assessments, Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems, National Materials Advisory Board, Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences, National Research Council, 1999-01-22 Separation processesor processes that use physical, chemical, or electrical forces to isolate or concentrate selected constituents of a mixtureare essential to the chemical, petroleum refining, and materials processing industries. In this volume, an expert panel reviews the separation process needs of seven industries and identifies technologies that hold promise for meeting these needs, as well as key technologies that could enable separations. In addition, the book recommends criteria for the selection of separations research projects for the Department of Energy's Office of Industrial Technology. |
| diffusion definition in chemistry: Multicomponent Diffusion E. L. Cussler, 2013-10-22 Multicomponent Diffusion discusses the multicomponent diffusion of the three phases of matter. The book is comprised of nine chapters that cover studies of multicomponent diffusion and mass transfer with an emphasis on the chemical characteristics responsible for multicomponent diffusion. Chapter 1 provides an introductory discourse about multicomponent diffusion. Chapter 2 discusses binary diffusion, while Chapter 3 covers multicomponent flux equation. The measurement of ternary diffusion and the estimation of ternary diffusion coefficients are also explained in the book. A chapter then covers the interacting systems, and the subsequent chapter talks about membranes without mobile carriers. The text also discusses carrier-containing membranes and the multicomponent mass transfer. The book will be of great use to researchers and professionals whose work requires a good understanding of multicomponent diffusion. |
| diffusion definition in chemistry: The Tipping Point Malcolm Gladwell, 2022-08-23 'A wonderful page-turner about a fascinating idea that should affect the way every thinking person thinks about the world around him' Michael Lewis In this brilliant and original book, Malcolm Gladwell explains and analyses the 'tipping point', that magic moment when ideas, trends and social behaviour cross a threshold, tip and spread like wildfire. Taking a look behind the surface of many familiar occurrences in our everyday world, Gladwell explains the fascinating social dynamics that cause rapid change. 'Hip and hopeful, THE TIPPING POINT is like the idea it describes: concise, elegant but packed with social power. A book for anyone who cares about how society works and how we can make it better' George Stephanopoulos |
| diffusion definition in chemistry: Drug-like Properties: Concepts, Structure Design and Methods Li Di, Edward H Kerns, 2010-07-26 Of the thousands of novel compounds that a drug discovery project team invents and that bind to the therapeutic target, typically only a fraction of these have sufficient ADME/Tox properties to become a drug product. Understanding ADME/Tox is critical for all drug researchers, owing to its increasing importance in advancing high quality candidates to clinical studies and the processes of drug discovery. If the properties are weak, the candidate will have a high risk of failure or be less desirable as a drug product. This book is a tool and resource for scientists engaged in, or preparing for, the selection and optimization process. The authors describe how properties affect in vivo pharmacological activity and impact in vitro assays. Individual drug-like properties are discussed from a practical point of view, such as solubility, permeability and metabolic stability, with regard to fundamental understanding, applications of property data in drug discovery and examples of structural modifications that have achieved improved property performance. The authors also review various methods for the screening (high throughput), diagnosis (medium throughput) and in-depth (low throughput) analysis of drug properties. - Serves as an essential working handbook aimed at scientists and students in medicinal chemistry - Provides practical, step-by-step guidance on property fundamentals, effects, structure-property relationships, and structure modification strategies - Discusses improvements in pharmacokinetics from a practical chemist's standpoint |
Lecture 3: Diffusion: Fick’s first law - University of Utah
Diffusion describes the spread of particles (which can also be atoms, molecules) through random motion usually (but not always) from regions of higher concentration to regions of lower …
Chapter 1 Definitions Advection, Diffusion - Dartmouth
Diffusion is the process by which a substance is moved from one place to another under the action of random fluctuations. At the molecular level, the cause is the perpetual agitation of …
Define diffusion: WWW.SMARTEDUHUB - Smart Exam Resources
Diffusion is the random movement of particles from a region of their high concentration to a region of their low concentration down the concentration gradient.
Diffusion and Mass Transfer - Michigan Technological University
Introduction to Diffusion and Mass Transfer in Mixtures Convection and Diffusion and … •Agitation or stirring moves material over long distances •Exposing new fluid elements •Diffusion mixes …
i) Diffusion – Definition, Processes & Significance
• Definition: Diffusion is the movement of molecules or ions from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration, without the need for energy input. It occurs due to the …
Diffusion - Stanford University
Diffusion • This “jiggling about” by lots of molecules leads to diffusion • Individual molecules follow a random walk, due to collisions with surrounding molecules • Diffusion = many random walks …
Chapter 5: Diffusion - uwo.ca
Diffusion: the movement of particles in a solid from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration, resulting in the uniform distribution of the substance
DIFFUSION - Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Diffusion processes may be divided into two types: (a) steady state and (b) nonsteady state. Steady state diffusion takes place at a constant rate - that is, once the process starts the …
Molecular Diffusion in fluids Molecular diffusion
Molecular Diffusion in fluids : Molecular diffusion, often simply called diffusion, is the thermal motion of all (liquid or gas) particles at temperatures above absolute zero. The rate of this …
Chemistry - States of Matter - St Cuthbert's Catholic High School
Diffusion is where particles move from a high to a low concentration and requires no energy to do this. It can happen in liquids and gases, as the particles are free to move about. There are …
Diffusion - Indian Institute of Science
Convection is the process by which material or heat is transported due to the mean motion of the carrier fluid. Diffusion is the pro-cess by which material is transported by the random thermal …
Diffusion and Fluid Flow - University of Florida
Diffusion in liquids is much slower that in gases due to the high density of the solvent and the greater chance for interactions between the solute and solvent. The value of D for a solute in a …
Osmosis and Diffusion IS3001 - STEM Library Lab
Diffusion is the movement of molecules, at random, from one area to another. Diffusion occurs when there is an unequal concentration of molecules in an environment, known
Chemistry for the IB MYP 4 & 5 complete summary - StudyLast
Diffusion Definition The movement of a fluid from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. Factors that Affect Diffusion Temperature: An increase in temperature …
DIFFUSION - smartexamresources.com
Diffusion is the random movement of particles from a region of their high concentration to a region of their low concentration down the concentration gradient.
Diffusion and its measurement - Cambridge University Press …
(A) Diffusion is the random thermal motion of the molecules. It is characterised by a diffusion coefficient D (m2s−1). (B) Brownian motion of a particle in a liquid. In this example, the …
Lecture 5: Diffusion Coefficient (Diffusivity) - University of Utah
Chemical diffusion occurs in a presence of concentration (or chemical potential) gradient and it results in net transport of mass. This is the process described by the diffusion equation. This …
Diffusion and Mass Transfer - Michigan Technological University
Introduction to Diffusion and Mass Transfer in Mixtures Convection and Diffusion and … •Agitation or stirring moves material over long distances •Exposing new fluid elements •Diffusion mixes …
Diffusion-Controlled Reactions: An Overview - hal.science
Starting from the seminal work by von Smoluchowski who recognized the importance of diffusion in chemical reactions, we discuss perfect and imperfect surface reactions, their microscopic …
Lecture 3: Introduction to Diffusion - University of Cambridge
This is Fick’s first law where the constant of proportionality is called the diffusion coefficient in m2 s−1. Fick’s first law applies to steady state flux in a uniform concentration gradient. Thus, our …
Lecture 3: Diffusion: Fick’s first law - University of Utah
Diffusion describes the spread of particles (which can also be atoms, molecules) through random motion usually (but not always) from regions of higher concentration to regions of lower …
Chapter 1 Definitions Advection, Diffusion - Dartmouth
Diffusion is the process by which a substance is moved from one place to another under the action of random fluctuations. At the molecular level, the cause is the perpetual agitation of molecules; …
Define diffusion: WWW.SMARTEDUHUB - Smart Exam …
Diffusion is the random movement of particles from a region of their high concentration to a region of their low concentration down the concentration gradient.
Diffusion and Mass Transfer - Michigan Technological University
Introduction to Diffusion and Mass Transfer in Mixtures Convection and Diffusion and … •Agitation or stirring moves material over long distances •Exposing new fluid elements •Diffusion mixes …
i) Diffusion – Definition, Processes & Significance
• Definition: Diffusion is the movement of molecules or ions from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration, without the need for energy input. It occurs due to the random …
Diffusion - Stanford University
Diffusion • This “jiggling about” by lots of molecules leads to diffusion • Individual molecules follow a random walk, due to collisions with surrounding molecules • Diffusion = many random walks by …
Chapter 5: Diffusion - uwo.ca
Diffusion: the movement of particles in a solid from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration, resulting in the uniform distribution of the substance
DIFFUSION - Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Diffusion processes may be divided into two types: (a) steady state and (b) nonsteady state. Steady state diffusion takes place at a constant rate - that is, once the process starts the number of …
Molecular Diffusion in fluids Molecular diffusion
Molecular Diffusion in fluids : Molecular diffusion, often simply called diffusion, is the thermal motion of all (liquid or gas) particles at temperatures above absolute zero. The rate of this movement is …
Chemistry - States of Matter - St Cuthbert's Catholic High …
Diffusion is where particles move from a high to a low concentration and requires no energy to do this. It can happen in liquids and gases, as the particles are free to move about. There are some …
Diffusion - Indian Institute of Science
Convection is the process by which material or heat is transported due to the mean motion of the carrier fluid. Diffusion is the pro-cess by which material is transported by the random thermal …
Diffusion and Fluid Flow - University of Florida
Diffusion in liquids is much slower that in gases due to the high density of the solvent and the greater chance for interactions between the solute and solvent. The value of D for a solute in a …
Osmosis and Diffusion IS3001 - STEM Library Lab
Diffusion is the movement of molecules, at random, from one area to another. Diffusion occurs when there is an unequal concentration of molecules in an environment, known
Chemistry for the IB MYP 4 & 5 complete summary
Diffusion Definition The movement of a fluid from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. Factors that Affect Diffusion Temperature: An increase in temperature …
DIFFUSION - smartexamresources.com
Diffusion is the random movement of particles from a region of their high concentration to a region of their low concentration down the concentration gradient.
Diffusion and its measurement - Cambridge University Press
(A) Diffusion is the random thermal motion of the molecules. It is characterised by a diffusion coefficient D (m2s−1). (B) Brownian motion of a particle in a liquid. In this example, the molecules …
Lecture 5: Diffusion Coefficient (Diffusivity) - University of Utah
Chemical diffusion occurs in a presence of concentration (or chemical potential) gradient and it results in net transport of mass. This is the process described by the diffusion equation. This …
Diffusion and Mass Transfer - Michigan Technological …
Introduction to Diffusion and Mass Transfer in Mixtures Convection and Diffusion and … •Agitation or stirring moves material over long distances •Exposing new fluid elements •Diffusion mixes …
Diffusion-Controlled Reactions: An Overview - hal.science
Starting from the seminal work by von Smoluchowski who recognized the importance of diffusion in chemical reactions, we discuss perfect and imperfect surface reactions, their microscopic …
