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| direct and indirect communication: An Anthropology of Indirect Communication Joy Hendry, C.W. Watson, 2003-12-16 Drawing on their experiences in the field from a Mormon Theme Park in Hawaii, through carnival time on Montserrat to the exclusive domain of the Market, contributors explore indirect communication from an anthropological perspective. |
| direct and indirect communication: Hide and Seek Benson P. Fraser, 2020-07-21 As bearers of the divine image, all of us are storytellers and artists. However, few people today believe in truth that is not empirically knowable or verifiable, the sort of truth often trafficked through direct forms of communication. Drawing on the works of Soren Kierkegaard, Benson P. Fraser challenges this penchant for direct forms of knowledge by introducing the indirect approach, which he argues conveys more than mere knowledge, but the capability to live out what one takes to be true. Dr. Fraser suggests that stories aimed at the heart are powerful instruments for personal and social change because they are not focused directly on the individual listener; rather, they give the individual room or distance to reconsider old meanings or ways of understanding. Indirect communication fosters human transformation by awaking an individual to attend to images or words that carry deep symbolic force and that modify or replace one's present ways of knowing, and ultimately make one capable of embodying what he or she believes. Through an examination of the indirect approach in Kierkegaard, Jesus, C. S. Lewis, and Flannery O'Connor, Fraser makes a strong case for the recovery of indirect strategies for communicating truth in our time. |
| direct and indirect communication: The Power of Understanding People Dave Mitchell, 2013-12-16 How to build lasting connections through meaningful communication Developing successful relationships is critical to our success in both our personal and professional lives. The Power of Understanding People shows you how to establish and develop extremely effective relationships by providing you with techniques to better identify and understand the intrinsic needs of others. As a result, you will achieve better team dynamics, increased sales and client satisfaction, higher levels of employee engagement and performance, and even more satisfying marriages and friendships. This book provides the tools to understand others' unique communication style as well as your own. Get detailed advice on how to adjust to diverse communication styles, develop a unifying language for the organization, and better match motivational techniques to team members. Through storytelling and experiential exercises, author Dave Mitchell helps you gain insight into your own unique interaction style and teaches you how to communicate, motivate, sell, and service more successfully no matter the personality types involved. Offers insight into the behavior cues and questions to ask to better understand someone's interactive preferences Explains how to enhance your sales efforts by better targeting your brand message to the client's style so that your products/services resonate with them more Examines strategies for creating a high performing work environment and achieve greater customer service excellence Contains conflict resolution strategies, including how to effectively work out differences within a team, between work units, with customers, and even in your personal life Armed with the ability to interpret the behavior of the people around you, you will achieve greater levels of success at work and at home while also learning how to better handle the difficult situations involving people in your life. |
| direct and indirect communication: Communicating Across Cultures, First Edition Stella Ting-Toomey, 2012-04-11 From high-level business negotiations to casual conversations among friends, every interpersonal interaction is shaped by cultural norms and expectations. Seldom is this more clearly brought to light than in encounters between people from different cultural backgrounds, when dissimilar communication practices may lead to frustration and misunderstanding. This thought-provoking text presents a new framework for understanding the impact of culture on communication and for helping students build intercultural communication competence. With illustrative examples from around the globe, the book shows that verbal and nonverbal communication involves much more than transmitting a particular message--it also reflects each participant's self-image, group identifications and values, and privacy and relational needs. Readers learn to move effectively and appropriately through a wide range of transcultural situations by combining culture-specific knowledge with mindful listening and communication skills. Throughout, helpful tables and charts and easy-to-follow guidelines for putting concepts into practice enhance the book's utility for students. |
| direct and indirect communication: Culture's Software Dorota Brzozowska, Władysław Chłopicki, 2015-09-10 When Geert Hofstede famously defined culture as collective programming of the mind, the definition broadly referred to culture as such, including all the layers in his “onion” model. The title of this volume, Culture’s Software, represents a development of this original idea and was inspired by none other than Professor Hofstede himself. He used this phrase over thirty years later when lecturing to an international group of scholars gathered in Poland to debate the idea of cultural communication styles, which has, in recent years, been fruitfully discussed from a fresh perspective by scholars working within cognitive and cultural linguistics. The debate has given rise to this book, which will inspire further research into this fascinating subject. |
| direct and indirect communication: High Octane Women Sherrie Bourg Carter, 2011 In this authoritative, well-researched book, full of helpful insights and practical advice, a psychologist draws on more than 15 years experience and expertise in stress management to explore the unique challenges that high-achieving women face and how they can avoid burnout. |
| direct and indirect communication: Conversational Style Deborah Tannen, 2005-07-21 This revised edition of Deborah Tannen's first discourse analysis book, Conversational Style--first published in 1984--presents an approach to analyzing conversation that later became the hallmark and foundation of her extensive body of work in discourse analysis, including the monograph Talking Voices, as well as her well-known popular books You Just Don't Understand, That's Not What I Meant!, and Talking from 9 to 5, among others. Carefully examining the discourse of six speakers over the course of a two-and-a-half hour Thanksgiving dinner conversation, Tannen analyzes the features that make up the speakers' conversational styles, and in particular how aspects of what she calls a 'high-involvement style' have a positive effect when used with others who share the style, but a negative effect with those whose styles differ. This revised edition includes a new preface and an afterword in which Tannen discusses the book's place in the evolution of her work. Conversational Style is written in an accessible and non-technical style that should appeal to scholars and students of discourse analysis (in fields like linguistics, anthropology, communication, sociology, and psychology) as well as general readers fascinated by Tannen's popular work. This book is an ideal text for use in introductory classes in linguistics and discourse analysis. |
| direct and indirect communication: Culture Matters Craig Storti, Laurette Bennhold-Samaan, Peace Corps (U.S.), 2011-02-11 Peace Corps Information Collection and Exchange Publication No. T0087. Provides a map to guide Peace Corps volunteers through their cross-cultural experience and also a way for them to record thoughts and feelings as they live and work in a host country. Contains a variety of exercises, as well as stories and quotations from Volunteers who have served in the past, from experts on cross-cultural training, and from the kind of people a volunteer might expect to meet in a new country. |
| direct and indirect communication: Global Dexterity Andy Molinsky, 2013-02-19 “I wrote this book because I believe that there is a serious gap in what has been written and communicated about cross-cultural management and what people actually struggle with on the ground.”—From the Introduction What does it mean to be a global worker and a true “citizen of the world” today? It goes beyond merely acknowledging cultural differences. In reality, it means you are able to adapt your behavior to conform to new cultural contexts without losing your authentic self in the process. Not only is this difficult, it’s a frightening prospect for most people and something completely outside their comfort zone. But managing and communicating with people from other cultures is an essential skill today. Most of us collaborate with teams across borders and cultures on a regular basis, whether we spend our time in the office or out on the road. What’s needed now is a critical new skill, something author Andy Molinsky calls global dexterity. In this book Molinsky offers the tools needed to simultaneously adapt behavior to new cultural contexts while staying authentic and grounded in your own natural style. Based on more than a decade of research, teaching, and consulting with managers and executives around the world, this book reveals an approach to adapting while feeling comfortable—an essential skill that enables you to switch behaviors and overcome the emotional and psychological challenges of doing so. From identifying and overcoming challenges to integrating what you learn into your everyday environment, Molinsky provides a guidebook—and mentoring—to raise your confidence and your profile. Practical, engaging, and refreshing, Global Dexterity will help you reach across cultures—and succeed in today’s global business environment. |
| direct and indirect communication: Negotiating Globally Jeanne M. Brett, 2012-10-15 When it was first published in 2001, Negotiating Globally quickly became the basic reference for managers who needed to learn how to negotiate successfully across boundaries of national culture. This thoroughly revised and expanded second edition preserves the structure of the acclaimed first edition and improves upon it, making it even easier to learn how to navigate national culture when negotiating deals, resolving disputes, and making decisions in teams. Rather than offering country-specific protocol and customs, Negotiating Globally provides a general framework to help negotiators anticipate and manage cultural differences. This new edition incorporates the lessons of the latest research with new emphasis on executing a negotiation strategy and negotiating conflict in multicultural teams. The well-received chapter on “Government At and Around the Table” has been expanded and updated with new examples that span the globe. In this comprehensive resource, Jeanne M. Brett describes how to develop a negotiation planning document and shows how to execute the plan. She provides a model that explains how the cultural environment affects negotiators’ interests, priorities, and strategies. She provides benchmarks for distinguishing good deals from poor ones and good negotiators from poor ones. The book explains how resolving disputes is different from making deals and how negotiation strategy can be used in multicultural teams. Negotiating Globally challenges negotiators to expand their repertoire of strategies so that they will be able to close deals, resolve disputes, and get teams to make decisions. |
| direct and indirect communication: How to Say Anything to Anyone Shari Harley, 2013-01-07 Take charge of your career by taking charge of your business relationships and communication skills. We all know how it feels when our colleagues talk about us but not to us. It's frustrating, and it creates tension. When effective communication is missing in the workplace, employees feel like they're working in the dark. Leaders don't have crucial conversations; managers are frustrated when outcomes are not what they expect; and employees often don’t get positive feedback or constructive feedback. Many of us remain passive against poor communication habits and communication barriers, hoping that business communication will miraculously improve--but it won't. Business communication and relationships won’t improve without skills and effort. The people you work with can work with you, around you, or against you. How people work with you depends on the business relationships you cultivate. Do your colleagues trust you? Can they speak openly to you when projects and tasks go awry? Do you have effective communication skills? Take charge of your career by eliminating communication barriers and taking charge of your business relationships. Make your work environment less tense and more productive by improving communication skills. Set relationship expectations, work with people how they like to work, and give positive feedback and constructive feedback. In How to Say Anything to Anyone, you'll learn how to: - ask for what you want at work - improve communication skills - strengthen all types of working relationships - reduce the gossip and drama in your office - tell people when you’re frustrated and have difficult conversations in a way that resonates - take action on your ideas and feelings - get honest positive feedback and constructive feedback on your performance Harley shares the real-life stories of people who have struggled to get what they want at work. With her clear and specific business communication roadmap in hand, Harley enables you to improve communication skills and create the career and business relationships you really want--and keep them. |
| direct and indirect communication: Secrets to Winning at Office Politics Marie G. McIntyre, Ph.D., 2005-07-01 Get Ahead, Gain Influence, Get What You Want Office politics are an unavoidable fact of life in every workplace. To accomplish your personal and business goals, you must learn to successfully play the political game in your organization. Whether you are a new player or a seasoned veteran, Secrets to Winning at Office Politics can help you increase your personal power without compromising your integrity or taking advantage of others. This smart, practical guide shows you how to stop wasting energy on things you can't change and start taking steps to get what you want. Written by an organizational psychologist and corporate consultant, Marie G. McIntyre's Secrets to Winning at Office Politics uses real-life examples of political winners and losers to illustrate the behaviors that contribute to success or failure at work. You will be shown techniques for managing your boss more effectively, improving your influence skills, changing the way you are perceived, and dealing with difficult people. Using these proven strategies for political success, you will then be able to create a Political Game Plan that outlines the steps necessary to accomplish your own individual goals. |
| direct and indirect communication: Indirect Speech Acts Nicolas Ruytenbeek, 2021-06-10 Explores the fascinating phenomenon of indirect speech acts, highlighting the situations they are used in, and how they are understood. |
| direct and indirect communication: Direct and Indirect Speech Florian Coulmas, 2011-07-22 TRENDS IN LINGUISTICS is a series of books that open new perspectives in our understanding of language. The series publishes state-of-the-art work on core areas of linguistics across theoretical frameworks as well as studies that provide new insights by building bridges to neighbouring fields such as neuroscience and cognitive science. TRENDS IN LINGUISTICS considers itself a forum for cutting-edge research based on solid empirical data on language in its various manifestations, including sign languages. It regards linguistic variation in its synchronic and diachronic dimensions as well as in its social contexts as important sources of insight for a better understanding of the design of linguistic systems and the ecology and evolution of language. TRENDS IN LINGUISTICS publishes monographs and outstanding dissertations as well as edited volumes, which provide the opportunity to address controversial topics from different empirical and theoretical viewpoints. High quality standards are ensured through anonymous reviewing. |
| direct and indirect communication: Social Influence Joseph P. Forgas, Kipling D. Williams, 2016-12-05 Social influence processes play a key role in human behavior. Arguably our extraordinary evolutionary success has much to do with our subtle and highly developed ability to interact with and influence each other. In this volume, leading international researchers review and integrate contemporary theory and research on the many ways people influence each other, considering both explicit, direct, and implicit, indirect influence strategies. Three sections examine fundamental processes and theory in social influence research, the role of cognitive processes and strategies in social influence phenomena, and the operation of social influence mechanisms in group settings. By applying the latest research to a wide range of interpersonal phenomena, this volume greatly advances our understanding of social influence mechanisms in strategic social interaction, and should be of interest to all students, researchers and practitioners interested in the dynamics of everyday interpersonal behavior. |
| direct and indirect communication: Teaching About Culture, Ethnicity, and Diversity Theodore M. Singelis, 1998 Each of these exercises is a self-contained unit with clear instructions, handouts, discussion suggestions and a concise explanation of the research-base for each activity. They are designed as effective classroom learning tools. |
| direct and indirect communication: Speaking of India Craig Storti, 2015-10-01 Westerners and Indians are working more closely together and in greater numbers than ever before. The opportunities are vast, but so is the cultural divide. Misunderstandings and frustration due to cultural differences wreak havoc on success. In this revised edition of Speaking of India, author and intercultural communications expert Craig Storti attempts to ease the frustration, and bring cultural understanding in business and life. With a new foreword by Ranjini Manian, author of Doing Business in India for Dummies, the book also features new content on managing remotely, and the results of a five-year cultural survey. With more than a dozen years of experience working between the two cultures, Storti has identified key cultural flashpoints and the result is a powerful series of Best Practices, which is the basis of Speaking of India. |
| direct and indirect communication: The Discourse of Indirectness Zohar Livnat, Pnina Shukrun-Nagar, Galia Hirsch, 2020-10-15 Indirectness has been a key concept in pragmatic research for over four decades, however the notion as a technical term does not have an agreed-upon definition and remains vague and ambiguous. In this collection, indirectness is examined as a way of communicating meaning that is inferred from textual, contextual and intertextual meaning units. Emphasis is placed on the way in which indirectness serves the representation of diverse voices in the text, and this is examined through three main prisms: (1) the inferential view focuses on textual and contextual cues from which pragmatic indirect meanings might be inferred; (2) the dialogic-intertextual view focuses on dialogic and intertextual cues according to which different voices (social, ideological, literary etc.) are identified in the text; and (3) the functional view focuses on the pragmatic-rhetorical functions fulfilled by indirectness of both kinds. |
| direct and indirect communication: The Culture Map (INTL ED) Erin Meyer, 2016-01-05 An international business expert helps you understand and navigate cultural differences in this insightful and practical guide, perfect for both your work and personal life. Americans precede anything negative with three nice comments; French, Dutch, Israelis, and Germans get straight to the point; Latin Americans and Asians are steeped in hierarchy; Scandinavians think the best boss is just one of the crowd. It's no surprise that when they try and talk to each other, chaos breaks out. In The Culture Map, INSEAD professor Erin Meyer is your guide through this subtle, sometimes treacherous terrain in which people from starkly different backgrounds are expected to work harmoniously together. She provides a field-tested model for decoding how cultural differences impact international business, and combines a smart analytical framework with practical, actionable advice. |
| direct and indirect communication: How Big Is Your Umbrella? Sheila Wray Gregoire, In this down-to-earth, practical book, author Sheila Wray Gregoire takes readers on a journey through many of her own hurts. From a broken engagement to the loss of a child, Sheila is well equipped to teach others about God's faithfulness in tough times. |
| direct and indirect communication: The Nonverbal Advantage (EasyRead Comfort Edition) , |
| direct and indirect communication: The Dark Side of Interpersonal Communication Brian H. Spitzberg, William R. Cupach, 2009-03-04 The Dark Side of Interpersonal Communication examines the multifunctional ways in which seemingly productive communication can be destructive—and vice versa—and explores the many ways in which dysfunctional interpersonal communication operates across a variety of personal relationship contexts. This second edition of Brian Spitzberg and William Cupach’s classic volume presents new chapters and topics, along with updates of several chapters in the earlier edition, all in the context of surveying the scholarly landscape for new and important avenues of investigation. Offering much new content, this volume features internationally renowned scholars addressing such compelling topics as uncertainty and secrecy in relationships; the role of negotiating self in cyberspace; criticism and complaints; teasing and bullying; infidelity and relational transgressions; revenge; and adolescent physical aggression toward parents. The chapters are organized thematically and offer a range of perspectives from both junior scholars and seasoned academics. By posing questions at the micro and macro levels, The Dark Side of Interpersonal Communication draws closer to a perspective in which the darker sides and brighter sides of human experience are better integrated in theory and research. Appropriate for scholars, practitioners, and students in communication, social psychology, sociology, counseling, conflict, personal relationships, and related areas, this book is also useful as a text in graduate courses on interpersonal communication, ethics, and other special topics. |
| direct and indirect communication: Culturally Adapting Psychotherapy for Asian Heritage Populations Wei-Chin Hwang, 2016-03-31 Current census reports indicate that over half of the United States will be of ethnic minority background by 2050. Yet few published studies have examined or demonstrated the efficacy of currently established psychological treatments for ethnic minorities. Culturally Adapting Psychotherapy for Asian Heritage Populations: An Evidence-Based Approach identifies the need for culturally adapted psychotherapy and helps support the cultural competency movement by helping providers develop specific skillsets, rather than merely focusing on cultural self-awareness and knowledge of other groups. The book provides a top-down and bottom-up community-participatory framework for developing culturally adapted interventions that can be readily applied to many other groups. Areas targeted for adaptation are broken down into domains, principles, and the justifying rationales. This is one of the first books that provides concrete, practical, and specific advice for researchers and practitioners alike. It is also the first book that provides an actual culturally adapted treatment manual so that the reader can see cultural adaptations in action. - Summarizes psychotherapy research indicating underrepresentation of ethnic minorities - Describes the first evidence-based culturally adapted treatment for Asian heritage populations - Provides concrete examples of adapted psychotherapy in practice - Clarifies how this framework can be further used to adapt interventions for other ethnic groups - Highlights how principles used to develop this depression-specific treatment can be applied to other disorders - Includes the full treatment manual Improving Your Mood: A Culturally Responsive and Holistic Approach to Treating Depression in Chinese Americans |
| direct and indirect communication: Cultural Intelligence Brooks Peterson, 2011-01-11 Whether traveling abroad or working at home, business people routinely face challenges when it comes to understanding the culture of others. When misunderstandings occur, relationships suffer. The good news is that cultivating cultural intelligence is a skill that can be learned, and Brooks Peterson tells you how. Packed with dozens of engaging stories, case examples and humorous contemporary cartoons, Cultural Intelligence is the perfect antidote for overcoming cross-cultural differences, improving workplace communication, building solid business relationships and contributing positively to your organization's bottom line. More than 15,000 people have used the Peterson Cultural Style Indicator. Here, Dr Peterson defines what cultural intelligence is and explores the skills and characteristics required to work effectively with international clients, customers and business partners - or inside any team, department or organization with a rich mix of cultural perspectives. Using a set of twenty business-oriented dimensions, the author helps you examine your own cultural style and determine that of others in six vital areas: management, strategy, planning, personnel, communication and reasoning. The crowning piece is a powerful set of key action steps for increasing your own cultural intelligence. |
| direct and indirect communication: Soul to Soul Ruth Lindeck Forman, 2023-01-06 The unique Soul to Soul Connection and Communication experience presents a positive, mindful, and compelling personal and intercultural communication global paradigm moving forward in the twenty-first century. Communication expert Ruth Lindeck Forman takes the reader through enlightening and light-hearted conversations. Her anecdotes enhance, inspire, and uplift to promote well-being, civility, and inclusion. This reader-friendly journey is supported by science, woven with connections to nature, and covers socio-political issues such as racism and diversity. These ideas encourage compassion and understanding for the reader and others. Ruth declares each person has the sole right to define who they are. This is best defined by what is in one's heart and soul as a member of the human race. She also affirms each person has the right to live their dreams and they matter. Ruth reminds us how we can always choose to respond positively or negatively and sensitively or insensitively. Likewise, we choose to honor or dishonor ourselves and others. Our choices are a formative facet of our character and the energy we radiate. The four sections of the book include Soul to Soul Connection, Soul to Soul Communication, Soul to Soul Intercultural Communication, and Appendix. Soul to Soul Connection presents core jewels that consist of source-connection, the essence of each person, and how to connect to that within ourselves and hopefully all others. The hand-dome concept reveals why each person solely feels, thinks, acts, speaks, and writes as they do. This also fosters inclusion. A significant chapter Personal Lenses is devoted to a multitude of negative lenses that block your and other's ultimate well-being. You learn to how to engage the time-tested Identify, Block, Move, Delete, Replace (IBMDR) Technique that reduces or erases troublesome thoughts and replaces them with positive, inclusive, and uplifting views. The private and nonjudgmental Forman Approach to Identify Prejudice Within Ourselves raises awareness. So, you have to be aware to care, and if you care you are aware. Soul to Soul Communication focuses on forty communication topics that benefit personal and virtual communication. These offer insightful, powerful, and practical tools. When combined, integrated, and applied, they provide a thoughtful and comprehensive command of communication to precisely express the meaning and intention of your message. Soul to Soul Intercultural Communication presents an uplifting chapter Embracing Diversity. Necessary nuances, cultural styles, tables, and numerous topics enlighten to bridge communication gaps. These elevate comfort, trust, understanding, and appreciation so more people are willing to reach out to each other. Appendix includes Positive Solutions to Maintain Harmony, Thank You, and Author's Journey, in which Ruth shares her eighty years' life's journey and sixty years in the field of speech pathology and communication. Initially, she served patients in stroke rehabilitation. Later, as a Specialist in Personal and Intercultural Communication, she consulted with and lectured to individuals in varied walks of life and cultures. Overcoming medical challenges and sensitivities, she recounts adventuresome travels with husband Lee to thirty-five countries, and living among locals on the tiny, exotic Nevis-isle in the West Indies. Charming, engrossing stories of Nevis folks and fellow humanity highlight how they triumphed or serenely accepted their challenges. Appendix also offers A Time to Pause and Reflect that provides an opportunity after each chapter to integrate the information and create your personal transformative guide. For your pleasure, Photos Reflecting Selective Narratives; the broad, passionate, and thoughtful Epilogue; and References finalize your read. These pages empower you to value your ultimate best, foster healing to free your spirit, and champion self-worth and kindness. Comfort, joy, confidence, self-actualization, and community follow. The goal is to create a positive communication environment that invites others to enter and benefits you. As minor to major crises arise or days seem to unravel, Soul to Soul Connection and Communication serves as a valuable lifelong guide. Therefore, decency, gratitude, harmony, and inclusion are natural and positive consequences of a diverse human race whose members communicate comfortably, mindfully, and source-connected with each other. |
| direct and indirect communication: Understanding Control Flow Peter A. Buhr, 2016-09-24 The control-flow issues presented in this textbook are extremely relevant in modern computer languages and programming styles. In addition to the basic control-flow mechanisms, virtually all new computer languages provide some form of exceptional control flow to support robust programming introduced in this textbook. Also, concurrency capabilities are appearing with increasing frequency in both new and old programming languages, and are covered in this book. Understanding Control Flow: With Concurrent Programming Using μC++ starts with looping, and works through each of the basic control-flow concepts, examining why each is fundamental and where it is useful. Time is spent on each concept according to its level of difficulty. Examples and exercises are also provided in this textbook. New programming methodologies are requiring new forms of control flow, and new programming languages are supporting these methodologies with new control structures, such as the concurrency constructs discussed in this textbook. Most computers now contain multi-threading and multi-cores, while multiple processors and distributed systems are ubiquitous — all of which require advanced programming methodologies to take full advantage of the available parallelism summarized in this textbook. Advance forms of control flow are becoming basic programming skills needed by all programmers, not just graduate students working in the operating systems or database disciplines. This textbook is designed for advanced-level students studying computer science and engineering. Professionals and researchers working in this field, specifically programming and software engineering, will find this book useful as a reference. |
| direct and indirect communication: Multicellularity Karl J. Niklas, Stuart A. Newman, 2016-02-19 Scholars consider the origins and consequences of the evolution of multicellularity, addressing a range of organisms, experimental protocols, theoretical concepts, and philosophical issues. The evolution of multicellularity raises questions regarding genomic and developmental commonalities and discordances, selective advantages and disadvantages, physical determinants of development, and the origins of morphological novelties. It also represents a change in the definition of individuality, because a new organism emerges from interactions among single cells. This volume considers these and other questions, with contributions that explore the origins and consequences of the evolution of multicellularity, addressing a range of topics, organisms, and experimental protocols. Each section focuses on selected topics or particular lineages that present a significant insight or challenge. The contributors consider the fossil record of the paleontological circumstances in which animal multicellularity evolved; cooptation, recurrent patterns, modularity, and plausible pathways for multicellular evolution in plants; theoretical approaches to the amoebozoa and fungi (cellular slime molds having long provided a robust model system for exploring the evolution of multicellularity), plants, and animals; genomic toolkits of metazoan multicellularity; and philosophical aspects of the meaning of individuality in light of multicellular evolution. Contributors Maja Adamska, Argyris Arnellos, Juan A. Arias, Eugenio Azpeitia, Mariana Benítez, Adriano Bonforti, John Tyler Bonner, Peter L. Conlin, A. Keith Dunker, Salva Duran-Nebreda, Ana E. Escalante, Valeria Hernández-Hernández, Kunihiko Kaneko, Andrew H. Knoll, Stephan G. König, Daniel J. G. Lahr, Ottoline Leyser, Alan C. Love, Raul Montañez, Emilio Mora van Cauwelaert, Alvaro Moreno, Vidyanand Nanjundiah, Aurora M. Nedelcu, Stuart A. Newman, Karl J. Niklas, William C. Ratcliff, Iñaki Ruiz-Trillo, Ricard Solé |
| direct and indirect communication: Intercultural Communication and Language Pedagogy Zsuzsanna Abrams, 2020-08-27 Using diverse language examples and tasks, this book illustrates how intercultural communication theory can inform second language teaching. |
| direct and indirect communication: Reach Andy Molinsky, 2017-01-24 Do you feel comfortable delivering bad news? Do you look forward to speaking in public? Do you enjoy networking? Is it easy for you to speak your mind and be assertive with friends and colleagues? If you answered no to any of these questions, this book can help! What often sets successful people apart is their willingness to do things most of us fear. What’s more, we have the false notion that successful people like to do these things, when the truth is that successful people have simply found their own way to do them. According to Andy Molinsky, an expert on behavior in the business world, there are five key challenges underlying our avoidance tendencies: authenticity, competence, resentment, likability, and morality. Does the new behavior you’re attempting feel authentic to you? Is it the right thing to do? Answering these questions will help identify the “gap” in our behavioral style that we can then bridge by using the three C’s: Clarity, Conviction, and Customization. Perhaps most interesting, Molinsky has discovered that many people who confront what they were avoiding come to realize that they actually enjoy it, and can even be good at it. Short, prescriptive, and based not only on the author’s groundbreaking research but on his own quest to get out of his comfort zone, Reach will help you take the thing you are most afraid of doing and make it a proud part of your personal repertoire. |
| direct and indirect communication: The Paradoxical Rationality of Søren Kierkegaard Richard Phillip McCombs, 2013-03-04 Richard McCombs presents Søren Kierkegaard as an author who deliberately pretended to be irrational in many of his pseudonymous writings in order to provoke his readers to discover the hidden and paradoxical rationality of faith. Focusing on pseudonymous works by Johannes Climacus, McCombs interprets Kierkegaardian rationality as a striving to become a self consistently unified in all its dimensions: thinking, feeling, willing, acting, and communicating. McCombs argues that Kierkegaard's strategy of feigning irrationality is sometimes brilliantly instructive, but also partly misguided. This fresh reading of Kierkegaard addresses an essential problem in the philosophy of religion—the relation between faith and reason. |
| direct and indirect communication: Pashtun Traditions versus Western Perceptions Leo Karrer, 2012-12-04 Cross-cultural interactions take place every day in contemporary Afghanistan between locals and the thousands of foreigners working in the country as diplomats, officials from international organisations and humanitarian aid workers. As their work requires them to interact with Afghans in manifold ways, all foreigners are, at least indirectly, required to negotiate. Karrer’s ePaper sheds light on the cross-cultural issues likely to contribute to the difficulties encountered by the international community in negotiating with Afghans, as well as for Afghans negotiating with foreigners. Through an analysis of academic literature, Karrer broadly outlines selected elements of Pashtun, in contrast to Western, negotiation culture, discusses the extent to which this negotiation culture may be attributed to Pashtun tradition, and attempts to highlight the complexity of Afghan negotiation behaviour against the binary indexing predominant in the preconceived cluster of Western cross-cultural negotiation and communication theories. Karrer’s research yields some significant insights into the impacts of cross-cultural issues on negotiation. Largely, he finds that current cross-cultural theories fail to provide a solid basis upon which to interpret the reality that exists on the ground in Afghanistan. This Paper draws on a final research work submitted to fulfil the requirements of the Executive Master in International Negotiation and Policy-Making (INP). The views and opinions expressed in this ePaper are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position position of Switzerland's Federal Department of Foreign Affairs (FDFA). |
| direct and indirect communication: Information Communication Ma Feicheng, 2022-05-31 This book introduces fundamentals of information communication. At first, concepts and characteristics of information and information communication are summarized. And then five classic models of information communication are introduced. The mechanisms and fundamental laws of the information transmission process are also discussed. In order to realize information communication, impediments in information communication process are identified and analyzed. For the purpose of investigating implications of Internet information communication, patterns and characteristics of information communication in the Internet and Web 2.0 environment are also analyzed. In the end, case studies are provided for readers to understand the theory. |
| direct and indirect communication: Get Ready for Openid Rafeeq Rehman, 2008 This resource provides comprehensive information to beginners and mid-level programmers of OpenID. The text will be useful for those getting to know the OpenID system, developing OpenID enabled Web sites, or using OpenID in a corporate environment. (Computer Books) |
| direct and indirect communication: Purity and Danger Professor Mary Douglas, Mary Douglas, 2013-06-17 Purity and Danger is acknowledged as a modern masterpiece of anthropology. It is widely cited in non-anthropological works and gave rise to a body of application, rebuttal and development within anthropology. In 1995 the book was included among the Times Literary Supplement's hundred most influential non-fiction works since WWII. Incorporating the philosophy of religion and science and a generally holistic approach to classification, Douglas demonstrates the relevance of anthropological enquiries to an audience outside her immediate academic circle. She offers an approach to understanding rules of purity by examining what is considered unclean in various cultures. She sheds light on the symbolism of what is considered clean and dirty in relation to order in secular and religious, modern and primitive life. |
| direct and indirect communication: Understanding Kierkegaard's Parables Russell Hamer, 2021-04-02 Kierkegaard is often praised for his poetic writing style. Throughout his works, especially his pseudonymous ones, he often breaks from philosophical prose and instead uses extended metaphors, fairy tales, parables, and allegories. This book, which is the first that directly addresses Kierkegaard's parables, argues that they help the reader undergo transformative change. It asks why Kierkegaard uses parables in a broad sense, how they function as a form of indirect communication, why Kierkegaard must remain secretive about the purpose of the parables, and how this secrecy plays an important role in Kierkegaard's authorship. |
| direct and indirect communication: The Bridge to Light Frederick O. Dawodu, 2000 The purpose of this book is to bridge the gap between the adolescents and adults in relation to societal needs that tally with the positive awareness in life. |
| direct and indirect communication: Strategic Management in Crisis Communication Christian Fronz, 2011 A corporate crisis situation is an integral part of a company's life cycle. On average, the probability that corporate manager will experience a corporate crisis situation within five years is almost as high as 82%. Multinational companies in particular face a higher potential because of their various external environments, extended media and respectively public interest in their actions, and consequently their dependence on different public opinions as well as the much wider impacts because of their publics' spread. Well planned and organisationally integrated multinational crisis communication is a key success factor in a crisis situation. Yet existing models and frameworks in crisis communication are rather tactically than strategically oriented, lack in of the depth of the guidance they provide, and present limitations in their scope of application. In addition, publications on crisis communication provided by experts with practical experience mainly deal with a wide field of case studies and neglect scientific applications; a holistic view on strategic multinational crisis communication is weak. The dissertation examines the nature of strategic multinational crisis communication and identifies their general organisational integration and coherences with corporate functions within a multinational environment. By following a theoretical analysis approach, deficiencies and weaknesses of existing crisis communication theories and the underlying literature will be identified. This is accomplished through constant comparison of these science-based bodies of data with current needs and requirements coming from practice (practice body of data) in multinational crisis communication. These results build the foundation for a new practice-related and scientifically supported theory in long term planned crisis communication for multinational companies. By reducing complexity through arranging and organising complexity, the first generation of a new strategic multinationa |
| direct and indirect communication: Indirect Pedagogy Herner Saeverot, 2013-02-11 While existential issues perhaps concern people the most, today’s education is not as preoccupied with such issues. Instead, education is becoming more uniform and streamlined; more and more one-sidedly directed towards what is useful. The purpose of this book is to focus on education’s existential dimension. Such a focus requires at least three things. Firstly, we need to justify why it is necessary to reconnect with existentialism in education. Secondly, we need to undergo an examination of the quality of existential education, so that we can have a basis as to what kind of educational interests teachers should have. Thirdly, we need to gain knowledge about how teachers may teach in light of existential matters. However, to teach in light of existence is highly paradoxical in that existence cannot be forced on someone, but is rather a subjective matter. Teaching which is non-ironical or too direct can thus be very problematic concerning existential issues. The reason being that there is no objective truth in terms of existence. There is only a matter of subjective or existential truth, which is only true for the single individual. Therefore, the book suggests that the approach teachers’ take must be discrete and indirect so as to create room for students to take responsibility for their subjective truth. Such an indirect pedagogy is not a programme, but rather a form of existential education. The overall aim of the book is, by way of introducing and developing the concept of indirect pedagogy, to extend and reinvent the language of teaching. |
| direct and indirect communication: Mindful Communication for Happiness Edward Turnbull, 2020-11-12 This book is designed to help you communicate more effectively and attract happiness. The book is presented in a simple and concise manner for quick learning and application. Become more mindful of your own communication. Learn about conflict resolution, influencing, communicating in difficult situations, relationships and business. Explore different areas of communication including subtle, electronic, in-person, direct and indirect. Begin to have increased health, confidence and energy while reducing negative emotions. |
| direct and indirect communication: Linguistic Strategies in Daoist Zhuangzi and Chan Buddhism Youru Wang, 2003-12-08 As the first systematic attempt to probe the linguistic strategies of Daoist Zhuangzi and Chan Buddhism, this book investigates three areas: deconstructive strategy, liminology of language, and indirect communication. It bases these investigations on the critical examination of original texts, placing them strictly within soteriological contexts. Whilst focusing on language use, the study also reveals some important truths about these two traditions and challenges many conventional understandings of them. Responding to recent critiques of Daoist and Chan Buddhist thought, it brings these two traditions into a constructive dialogue with contemporary philosophical reflection. It discovers Zhuangzian and Chan perspectives and sheds light on issues such as the relationship between philosophy and non-philosophy, de-reification of words, relativising the limit of language, structure of indirect communication, and use of paradox, tautology and poetic language. |
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