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| federal student loan program history: Federal Student Loan Programs Data Book Donald Conner, Rabab Saab, Karen Cicmanec, 1997 |
| federal student loan program history: Guaranteed Student Loans United States. General Accounting Office, 1992 |
| federal student loan program history: Indentured Students Elizabeth Tandy Shermer, 2021-08-03 The untold history of how AmericaÕs student-loan program turned the pursuit of higher education into a pathway to poverty. It didnÕt always take thirty years to pay off the cost of a bachelorÕs degree. Elizabeth Tandy Shermer untangles the history that brought us here and discovers that the story of skyrocketing college debt is not merely one of good intentions gone wrong. In fact, the federal student loan program was never supposed to make college affordable. The earliest federal proposals for college affordability sought to replace tuition with taxpayer funding of institutions. But Southern whites feared that lower costs would undermine segregation, Catholic colleges objected to state support of secular institutions, professors worried that federal dollars would come with regulations hindering academic freedom, and elite-university presidents recoiled at the idea of mass higher education. Cold War congressional fights eventually made access more important than affordability. Rather than freeing colleges from their dependence on tuition, the government created a loan instrument that made college accessible in the short term but even costlier in the long term by charging an interest penalty only to needy students. In the mid-1960s, as bankers wavered over the prospect of uncollected debt, Congress backstopped the loans, provoking runaway inflation in college tuition and resulting in immense lender profits. Today 45 million Americans owe more than $1.5 trillion in college debt, with the burdens falling disproportionately on borrowers of color, particularly women. Reformers, meanwhile, have been frustrated by colleges and lenders too rich and powerful to contain. Indentured Students makes clear that these are not unforeseen consequences. The federal student loan system is working as designed. |
| federal student loan program history: The Higher Education Act Congressional Research Service, 2015-01-16 The Higher Education Act of 1965 (HEA; P.L. 89-329) authorizes numerous federal aid programs that provide support to both individuals pursuing a postsecondary education and institutions of higher education (IHEs). Title IV of the HEA authorizes the federal government's major student aid programs, which are the primary source of direct federal support to students pursuing postsecondary education. Titles II, III, and V of the HEA provide institutional aid and support. Additionally, the HEA authorizes services and support for less-advantaged students (select Title IV programs), students pursing international education (Title VI), and students pursuing and institutions offering certain graduate and professional degrees (Title VII). Finally, the most recently added title (Title VIII) authorizes several other programs that support higher education. The HEA was last comprehensively reauthorized in 2008 by the Higher Education Opportunity Act of 2008 (HEOA; P.L. 110-315), which authorized most HEA programs through FY2014. Following the enactment of the HEAO, the HEA has been amended by numerous other laws, most notably the SAFRA Act, part of the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 (P.L. 111-152), which terminated the authority to make federal student loans through the Federal Family Education Loan (FFEL) program. Authorization of appropriations for many HEA programs expired at the end of FY2014 but has been extended through FY2015 under the General Education Provisions Act. This report provides a brief overview of the major provisions of the HEA. |
| federal student loan program history: The Student Loan Scam Alan Collinge, 2009 In this in-depth exploration and expos of the predatory nature of the student loan industry, Collinge argues that student loans have become the most uncompetitive and oppressive type of debt in American history. In this clarion call for social action, the author offers pragmatic solutions. |
| federal student loan program history: Higher Education Opportunity Act United States, 2008 |
| federal student loan program history: The Federal Student Aid Information Center , 1997 |
| federal student loan program history: The Student Loan Mess Joel Best, Eric Best, 2014-05-02 Student loan debt in the U.S. now exceeds $1 trillion, more than the nation's credit-card debt. This timely book explains how and why student loans evolved, the concerns they've raised along the way, and how each policy designed to fix student loans winds up making things worse. The authors, a father and son team, provide an intergenerational, interdisciplinary approach to understanding how, over the last 70 years, Americans incrementally, with the best intentions, created our current student loan disaster. They examine the competing interests and shifting societal expectations that contributed to the problem, and offer recommendations for confronting the larger problem of college costs and student borrowing in the future-- |
| federal student loan program history: Direct Loans , 1996 |
| federal student loan program history: Federal Student Loans Made Under the Federal Family Education Loan Program and the William D. Ford Federal Direct Loan Program David P. Smole, 2013-03-13 The William D. Ford Federal Direct Loan (DL) program, authorized under Title IV, Part D of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (HEA), as amended, is the primary federal student loan program administered by the U.S. Department of Education (ED). The program makes available loans to undergraduate and graduate students and the parents of dependent undergraduate students to help them finance their postsecondary education expenses. The following types of loans are currently offered through the DL program: Subsidized Stafford Loans for undergraduate students; Unsubsidized Stafford Loans for undergraduate and graduate students; PLUS Loans for graduate students and the parents of dependent undergraduate students; and Consolidation Loans through which borrowers may combine multiple loans into a single loan. For FY2013, ED estimates that 22.5 million loans (not including Consolidation Loans) totaling $120.8 billion will be made to students and their parents through the DL program. Until July 1, 2010, Subsidized Stafford Loans, Unsubsidized Stafford Loans, PLUS Loans, and Consolidation Loans were also available through the Federal Family Education Loan (FFEL) program, authorized under Title IV, Part B of the HEA. The SAFRA Act, part of the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 (HCERA; P.L. 111-152), terminated the authority to make new loans under the FFEL program after June 30, 2010. While new loans may no longer be made through the FFEL program, approximately $289 billion in FFEL program loans are outstanding and are due to be repaid over the coming years. FFEL and DL program loans are low-interest loans, with maximum interest rates for each type of loan established by statute. Subsidized Stafford Loans are unique in that they are only available to undergraduate students demonstrating financial need. With certain exceptions, the federal government pays the interest that accrues on Subsidized Stafford Loans while the borrower is enrolled in school on at least a half-time basis, during a six-month grace period thereafter, and during periods of authorized deferment. Unsubsidized Stafford Loans and PLUS Loans are available to borrowers irrespective of their financial need; and borrowers are responsible for paying all the interest that accrues on these loans. FFEL and DL program loans have terms and conditions that may be more favorable to borrowers than private and other non-federal loans. These beneficial terms and conditions include interest rates that are often lower than rates that might be obtained from other lenders, opportunities for repayment relief through deferment and forbearance, loan consolidation, and several loan forgiveness programs. In the recent years, numerous changes were made to the terms and conditions of DL program loans. The Budget Control Act of 2011 (BCA; P.L. 112-25) eliminated the availability of Subsidized Stafford Loans to graduate and professional students for periods of instruction beginning on or after July 1, 2012; and terminated the availability of certain repayment incentives for loans made on or after July 1, 2012. The Consolidated Appropriations Act, FY2012 (P.L. 112-74) eliminated interest subsidies during the six-month post-enrollment grace period on Subsidized Stafford Loans disbursed between July 1, 2012, and June 30, 2014. The Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act (MAP-21; P.L. 112-141) lowered the interest rate from 6.8% to 3.4% on Subsidized Stafford Loans made between July 1, 2012, and June 30, 2013. Also, for individuals who are new borrowers on or after July 1, 2013, MAP-21 restricted both the period during which individuals may borrow Subsidized Stafford Loans and the period during which the in-school interest subsidy may be provided to 150% of the published length of their educational program. |
| federal student loan program history: Between Citizens and the State Christopher P. Loss, 2014-04-07 This book tracks the dramatic outcomes of the federal government's growing involvement in higher education between World War I and the 1970s, and the conservative backlash against that involvement from the 1980s onward. Using cutting-edge analysis, Christopher Loss recovers higher education's central importance to the larger social and political history of the United States in the twentieth century, and chronicles its transformation into a key mediating institution between citizens and the state. Framed around the three major federal higher education policies of the twentieth century--the 1944 GI Bill, the 1958 National Defense Education Act, and the 1965 Higher Education Act--the book charts the federal government's various efforts to deploy education to ready citizens for the national, bureaucratized, and increasingly global world in which they lived. Loss details the myriad ways in which academic leaders and students shaped, and were shaped by, the state's shifting political agenda as it moved from a preoccupation with economic security during the Great Depression, to national security during World War II and the Cold War, to securing the rights of African Americans, women, and other previously marginalized groups during the 1960s and '70s. Along the way, Loss reappraises the origins of higher education's current-day diversity regime, the growth of identity group politics, and the privatization of citizenship at the close of the twentieth century. At a time when people's faith in government and higher education is being sorely tested, this book sheds new light on the close relations between American higher education and politics. |
| federal student loan program history: Indentured Students Elizabeth Tandy Shermer, 2021-08-03 The untold history of how America’s student-loan program turned the pursuit of higher education into a pathway to poverty. It didn’t always take thirty years to pay off the cost of a bachelor’s degree. Elizabeth Tandy Shermer untangles the history that brought us here and discovers that the story of skyrocketing college debt is not merely one of good intentions gone wrong. In fact, the federal student loan program was never supposed to make college affordable. The earliest federal proposals for college affordability sought to replace tuition with taxpayer funding of institutions. But Southern whites feared that lower costs would undermine segregation, Catholic colleges objected to state support of secular institutions, professors worried that federal dollars would come with regulations hindering academic freedom, and elite-university presidents recoiled at the idea of mass higher education. Cold War congressional fights eventually made access more important than affordability. Rather than freeing colleges from their dependence on tuition, the government created a loan instrument that made college accessible in the short term but even costlier in the long term by charging an interest penalty only to needy students. In the mid-1960s, as bankers wavered over the prospect of uncollected debt, Congress backstopped the loans, provoking runaway inflation in college tuition and resulting in immense lender profits. Today 45 million Americans owe more than $1.5 trillion in college debt, with the burdens falling disproportionately on borrowers of color, particularly women. Reformers, meanwhile, have been frustrated by colleges and lenders too rich and powerful to contain. Indentured Students makes clear that these are not unforeseen consequences. The federal student loan system is working as designed. |
| federal student loan program history: Cato Handbook for Policymakers Cato Institute, David Boaz, 2008 Offers policy recommendations from Cato Institute experts on every major policy issue. Providing both in-depth analysis and concrete recommendations, the Handbook is an invaluable resource for policymakers and anyone else interested in securing liberty through limited government. |
| federal student loan program history: Funding Education Beyond High School United States. Department of Education. Federal Student Aid, 2007 |
| federal student loan program history: Direct loan basics for students , 2004 |
| federal student loan program history: Indebted Caitlin Zaloom, 2021-05-04 'Indebted' takes readers into the homes of middle-class families throughout the nation to reveal the hidden consequences of student debt and the ways that financing college has transformed family life--Amazon |
| federal student loan program history: Repaying Your Student Loans , 2002 |
| federal student loan program history: The Condition of Education, 2020 Education Department, 2021-04-30 The Condition of Education 2020 summarizes important developments and trends in education using the latest available data. The report presentsnumerous indicators on the status and condition of education. The indicators represent a consensus of professional judgment on the most significant national measures of the condition and progress of education for which accurate data are available. The Condition of Education includes an At a Glance section, which allows readers to quickly make comparisons across indicators, and a Highlights section, which captures key findings from each indicator. In addition, The Condition of Education contains a Reader's Guide, a Glossary, and a Guide to Sources that provide additional background information. Each indicator provides links to the source data tables used to produce the analyses. |
| federal student loan program history: Dear Debt Melanie Lockert, 2016-08-12 In her debut book Dear Debt, personal finance expert Melanie Lockert combines her endearing and humorous personal narrative with practical tools to help readers overcome the crippling effects of debt. Drawing from her personal experience of paying off eighty thousand dollars of student loan debt, Melanie provides a wealth of money-saving tips to help her community of debt fighters navigate the repayment process, increase current income, and ultimately become debt-free. By breaking down complex financial concepts into clear, manageable tools and step-by-step processes, Melanie has provided a venerable guide to overcoming debt fatigue and obtaining financial freedom. Inside Dear Debt you will learn to: • Find the debt repayment strategy most effective for your needs • Avoid spending temptations by knowing your triggers • Replace expensive habits with cheaper alternatives • Become a frugal friend without being rude • Start a side hustle to boost your current income • Negotiate your salary to maximize value • Develop a financial plan for life after debt |
| federal student loan program history: Counselors and Mentors Handbook on Federal Student Aid , |
| federal student loan program history: The Lemonade Life Zack Friedman, 2019-08-06 The secret to an extraordinary life starts with five simple changes that anyone can make. In this groundbreaking book, Zack Friedman starts with a fundamental question: What drives success? It's not only hard work, talent, and skill. The most successful people have one thing in common,?the power to flip five internal switches. We all have these five switches, and when activated, they are the secret to fuel success, create happiness, and conquer anything. The Lemonade Life is filled with inspirational and practical advice that will teach you: Why you should write yourself a $10 million check Why your career depends on the Greek alphabet Why you need?ikigai?in your life How Judge Judy can help you have better work meetings How these twenty questions will change your life Learn from the entrepreneur who failed 5,126 times before becoming a billionaire, the fourteenth-century German monk who helped reinvent Domino's Pizza, the technology visionary who asked himself the same question every morning, the country music icon who bought more than one hundred million books, and the ice cream truck driver who made $110,237 in less than one hour. With powerful stories and actionable lessons, this book will profoundly change the way you live, lead, and work. Your path to greatness starts with a simple choice. Everyday, you're choosing to live one of two lives: the Lemon Life or the Lemonade Life. Which life will you lead? |
| federal student loan program history: Your Federal Student Loans , 2009 |
| federal student loan program history: Perkins Loan Program Status of Default as of June 30 ... , 1991 |
| federal student loan program history: Going Broke by Degree Richard K. Vedder, 2004 Economist Richard Vedder examines the causes of the college tuition crisis and explores ways to reverse this alarming trend. |
| federal student loan program history: Federal Student Financial Aid Handbook United States. Department of Education. Office of Student Financial Assistance, 1994 |
| federal student loan program history: Paying For College For Dummies Eric Tyson, 2020-04-21 Discover a concrete financial plan to finance a college education Financing a college education is a daunting task no matter what your circumstances. Bestselling author and personal finance expert, Eric Tyson offers tried and true strategic advice on how to understand loans, know your options, and how to improve your financial fitness while paying down your student loan debt. Armed with the checklists and timelines, you’ll be able to: Figure out what colleges actually cost Get to know the FAFSA® and CSS Profile(TM) Research scholarship opportunities Quickly compare financial aid offers from different schools Find creative ways to lighten your debt load Explore alternatives such as apprenticeships, online programs Paying for College For Dummies helps parents and independent students navigate everything from planning strategically as a married/separated/divorced/widowed parent, completing every question on the FAFSA and CSS PROFILE forms, understanding tax laws, and so much more. No other book offers this much practical guidance on choosing and paying or college. |
| federal student loan program history: Debt-Free Degree Anthony ONeal, 2019-10-07 Every parent wants the best for their child. That’s why they send them to college! But most parents struggle to pay for school and end up turning to student loans. That’s why the majority of graduates walk away with $35,000 in student loan debt and no clue what that debt will really cost them.1 Student loan debt doesn’t open doors for young adults—it closes them. They postpone getting married and starting a family. That debt even takes away their freedom to pursue their dreams. But there is a different way. Going to college without student loans is possible! In Debt-Free Degree, Anthony ONeal teaches parents how to get their child through school without debt, even if they haven’t saved for it. He also shows parents: *How to prepare their child for college *Which classes to take in high school *How and when to take the ACT and SAT *The right way to do college visits *How to choose a major A college education is supposed to prepare a graduate for their future, not rob them of their paycheck and freedom for decades. Debt-Free Degree shows parents how to pay cash for college and set their child up to succeed for life. |
| federal student loan program history: Financial Aid for Higher Education Cooperative Program for Educational Opportunity, United States. Office of Education. Educational Talent Section, 1969 |
| federal student loan program history: The Rising Cost of College , 2009 Greenhaven Press's At Issue series provides a wide range of opinions on individual social issues. Each volume focuses on a specific issue and offers a variety of perspectives-eyewitness accounts, governmental views, scientific analysis, newspaper and magazine accounts, and many more-to illuminate the issue. Extensive bibliographies and annotated lists of relevant organizations point to sources for further research. Enhancing critical thinking skills, each At Issue volume is an excellent research tool to help readers understand current social issues and prepare reports. Book jacket. |
| federal student loan program history: Defaults in the Federal Guaranteed Student Loan Programs United States. Congress. House. Committee on Education and Labor. Subcommittee on Postsecondary Education, 1988 |
| federal student loan program history: 2003 Status Report on the Federal Education Loan Programs Jacqueline Elizabeth King, 2003 |
| federal student loan program history: Federal Student Loan Programs United States. Congress. House. Committee on Government Reform, 2005 |
| federal student loan program history: Student Financial Aid , 1998 |
| federal student loan program history: Student Loans Kelly D. Edmiston, 2015 This report provides a detailed overview of the student loan market, presents new statistics that highlight student loan debt burdens and delinquency rates, and discusses current concerns among many Americans about student loans, including their fiscal impact. The report is intended to enhance awareness of the state of student loan debt and delinquency and highlight issues facing borrowers, creditors, the federal government, and society at large. While the report does not offer specific suggestions on how to address the problems it highlighted, it does suggest some areas of concern to think about as policymakers consider student loans, and what some term to be the associated “crisis” around them. The clear message is that student loans present problems for some borrowers that are well worth addressing. At the same time, the analysis suggests that student loans do not yet impose a significant burden on society from their fiscal impact. |
| federal student loan program history: Abuses in Federal Student Aid Programs United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Governmental Affairs. Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations, 1990 |
| federal student loan program history: Introduction and General Program Information, The Federal Student Financial Aid Handbook, 1997-98 , |
| federal student loan program history: The Condition of Education 2021 Education Department, 2022-03-31 The Condition of Education 2021 summarizes important developments and trends in education using the latest available data. The report presents numerous indicators on the status and condition of education. The indicators represent a consensus of professional judgment on the most significant national measures of the condition and progress of education for which accurate data are available. The Condition of Education includes an At a Glance section, which allows readers to quickly make comparisons across indicators, and a Highlights section, which captures key findings from each indicator. In addition, The Condition of Education contains a Reader's Guide, a Glossary, and a Guide to Sources that provide additional background information. Each indicator provides links to the source data tables used to produce the analyses. |
| federal student loan program history: The Politics of Public Budgeting Irene S. Rubin, 2019-01-21 Using a “power struggles” theme to examine the dynamics of budgeting, Rubin’s classic text shines a bright light on the political jockeying between interest groups, parties, officials, policymakers, and the public. Expert at explaining budgeting changes over time, Rubin sets issues like the federal deficit and health care expenditures in political and comparative context. Analyzing each strand of the decision-making process, Rubin shows the extraordinary coordination involved in passing a budget and achieving accountability. |
| federal student loan program history: Problems of Default in the Guaranteed Student Loan Program United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Labor and Human Resources. Subcommittee on Education, Arts, and Humanities, 1988 |
| federal student loan program history: Federal Student Financial Aid Handbook , 2000 |
City Federal Credit Union
City Federal Credit Union for banking, lending, ATM and credit cards. Mobile app, auto loans, home equity, checking. Membership available to all. Banking in Amarillo.
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Main Office Number: (806)373-4313. 24/7 Debit Card Line: (888)263-3370. Lincoln Lobby Hours. M-F 9:00 a.m.— 5:30 p.m. Lincoln Drive-Thru Hours M-Th 9:00 a.m.— 5:30 p.m.
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People's Federal Credit Union Potter-Randall Appraisal District Amarillo Chamber Of Commerce (Employees) North Heights Linen Service. Street Volkswagen. Eastern Point Trust Company. …
City Federal Credit Union
City Federal Credit Union for banking, lending, ATM and credit cards. Mobile app, auto loans, home equity, checking. Membership available to all. Banking in Amarillo.
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To learn what City Federal Credit Union does with your personal information please view our Privacy Notice and Privacy Policy or contact us by mail, phone, or email.
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Products & Services. ACH & Direct Deposit Certificates of Deposit (CD) Checking Accounts Direct Deposit Drive Through Lanes With Extended Hours E Statements
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City Federal Credit Union Home Banking Questions and Answers Q: What is Home Banking? A: Home Banking allows you to view your account from the comfort of your home. You can make …
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Main Office Number: (806)373-4313. 24/7 Debit Card Line: (888)263-3370. Lincoln Lobby Hours. M-F 9:00 a.m.— 5:30 p.m. Lincoln Drive-Thru Hours M-Th 9:00 a.m.— 5:30 p.m.
Who We Are - City Federal Credit Union
City Federal Credit Union is privileged to have the leadership of its Board of Directors. The Board is composed of volunteers who have oversight of the credit union. The Credit Union's Board of …
Online Privacy Policy
City Federal Credit Union is owned by its members and run by a board of directors you elect. You can be confident that your financial privacy is a top priority of this credit union. We give you …
About Us - City Federal Credit Union
“City Federal Credit Union is committed to exceed our members expectations to meet their financial happiness, while providing a heartfelt and long-lasting relationship.” Community …
City FCU Mobile App - City Federal Credit Union
City Federal Credit Union does not endorse or guarantee 3rd party links. The products and services offered on 3rd party sites are not products of City FCU. City FCU cannot attest to the …
Welcome [www.cityfederalcu.com]
People's Federal Credit Union Potter-Randall Appraisal District Amarillo Chamber Of Commerce (Employees) North Heights Linen Service. Street Volkswagen. Eastern Point Trust Company. …
