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| discrimination psychology classical conditioning: Introduction to Psychology Jennifer Walinga, Charles Stangor, This book is designed to help students organize their thinking about psychology at a conceptual level. The focus on behaviour and empiricism has produced a text that is better organized, has fewer chapters, and is somewhat shorter than many of the leading books. The beginning of each section includes learning objectives; throughout the body of each section are key terms in bold followed by their definitions in italics; key takeaways, and exercises and critical thinking activities end each section. |
| discrimination psychology classical conditioning: Theories in Educational Psychology Alyssa R. Gonzalez-DeHass, Patricia P. Willems, 2012-12-14 Theories in Educational Psychology’s purpose is to introduce readers to the pioneering educational psychology theories that continue to shape our understanding of the classroom learning environment, present support for the theories from perspectives in the current research literature, and share how these theoretical traditions have translated into effective teaching methods. Each chapter will be infused with practical teaching examples, classroom vignettes, and instructional strategies so readers are continually confronted with how theory translates to practice. In addition to becoming familiar with the conceptual understanding of core theoretical knowledge, readers will also be presented with current thinking about each theory and an introduction to important related topics at the close of each chapter. The chapters will also conclude with activities designed to help readers reflect on their learning of each chapter’s content. |
| discrimination psychology classical conditioning: Eyeblink Classical Conditioning Volume 1 Diana S. Woodruff-Pak, Joseph E. Steinmetz, 2000-02-29 The model system of eyeblink classical conditioning in humans has enormous potential for the understanding and application of fundamental principles of learning. This collection makes classical conditioning accessible to teachers and researchers in a number of ways. The first aim is to present the latest developments in theory building. Second, as background for the current directions, Eyeblink Classical Conditioning, Volume I presents an overview of a large body of previously published research on eyeblink classical conditioning. Last, the authors describe eyeblink classical conditioning techniques. Each chapter includes a highlighted methods section so that interested readers can replicate techniques for teaching and research. |
| discrimination psychology classical conditioning: Health and Behavior Institute of Medicine, Board on Neuroscience and Behavioral Health, Committee on Health and Behavior: Research, Practice and Policy, 2001-10-18 Health and Behavior reviews our improved understanding of the complex interplay among biological, psychological, and social influences and explores findings suggested by recent research-including interventions at multiple levels that we can employ to improve human health. The book covers three main areas: What do biological, behavioral, and social sciences contribute to our understanding of healthâ€including cardiovascular, immune system and brain functioning, behaviors that influence health, the role of social networks and socioeconomic status, and more. What can we learn from applied research on interventions to improve the health of individuals, families, communities, organizations, and larger populations? How can we expeditiously translate research findings into application? |
| discrimination psychology classical conditioning: 21st Century Psychology: A Reference Handbook Stephen F. Davis, William Buskist, 2008 Highlights the most important topics, issues, questions, and debates in the field of psychology. Provides material of interest for students from all corners of psychological studies, whether their interests be in the biological, cognitive, developmental, social, or clinical arenas. |
| discrimination psychology classical conditioning: A Neuroscientist’s Guide to Classical Conditioning John W. Moore, 2012-09-05 Classical conditioning (CC) refers to the general paradigm for scientific studies of learning and memory, as initiated by Pavlov and his followers. Despite the current high level of interest in CC within neuroscience there is presently no single source that provides up-to-date comprehensive coverage of core topics. CC is a very large field. Nevertheless, some organisms and behaviors have dominated the neuroscience scene. Foremost of these are classical eyeblink conditioning (rats, cats, rabbits, and humans) and ear'conditioning. This handbook of CC focuses on these systems. It will be particularly appealing to the growing amount of scientists and medical specialists who employ CC methods.' |
| discrimination psychology classical conditioning: Psychology Lester A. Lefton, Linda Brannon, 2006 From decolonization and democratization to religion and gender, Politics and Culture in the Developing World is a comprehensive survey of the global context of development. With in-depth and current examples from Asia, Africa, Latin America, and the Middle East, this text examines the central political themes in the developing world. Throughout, Politics and Culture in the Developing World demonstrates how globalization both accelerates change and increases interdependence between developing and developed countries. Book jacket. |
| discrimination psychology classical conditioning: Mechanisms in Classical Conditioning Nestor Schmajuk, 2010-01-14 A neural network view of the processes involved in classical conditioning using computational simulations to analyse actual experimental data. |
| discrimination psychology classical conditioning: The Wiley Blackwell Handbook of Operant and Classical Conditioning Frances K. McSweeney, Eric S. Murphy, 2014-06-23 This combined survey of operant and classical conditioning provides professional and academic readers with an up-to-date, inclusive account of a core field of psychology research, with in-depth coverage of the basic theory, its applications, and current topics including behavioral economics. Provides comprehensive coverage of operant and classical conditioning, relevant fundamental theory, and applications including the latest techniques Features chapters by leading researchers, professionals, and academicians Reviews a range of core literature on conditioning Covers cutting-edge topics such as behavioral economics |
| discrimination psychology classical conditioning: Occasion Setting American Psychological Association, 1998-01-01 Content Description #Includes bibliographical references and index. |
| discrimination psychology classical conditioning: The SAGE Encyclopedia of Abnormal and Clinical Psychology Amy Wenzel, 2017-03-16 Abnormal and clinical psychology courses are offered in psychology programs at universities worldwide, but the most recent major encyclopedia on the topic was published many years ago. Although general psychology handbooks and encyclopedias include essays on abnormal and clinical psychology, such works do not provide students with an accessible reference for understanding the full scope of the field. The SAGE Encyclopedia of Abnormal and Clinical Psychology, a 7-volume, A-Z work (print and electronic formats), will be such an authoritative work. Its more than 1,400 entries will provide information on fundamental approaches and theories, various mental health disorders, assessment tools and psychotherapeutic interventions, and the social, legal, and cultural frameworks that have contributed to debates in abnormal and clinical psychology. Key features include: 1,400 signed articles contained in 7 volumes and available in choice of print and/or electronic formats Although organized A-to-Z, front matter includes a Reader’s Guide grouping related entries thematically Back matter includes a Chronology, Resource Guide, Bibliography, and detailed Index Entries conclude with References/Further Readings and Cross-References to related entries The Index, Reader’s Guide themes, and Cross-References between and among entries all combine to provide robust search-and-browse features in the electronic version. |
| discrimination psychology classical conditioning: Psychology of Learning and Motivation , 1977-11-23 Psychology of Learning and Motivation |
| discrimination psychology classical conditioning: The Corsini Encyclopedia of Psychology and Behavioral Science, Volume 4 W. Edward Craighead, Charles B. Nemeroff, 2002-11-11 A complete reference to the fields of psychology and behavioral science Volume 4 is the final volume in The Corsini Encyclopedia of Psychology and Behavioral Science series. Providing psychologists, teachers, researchers, and students with complete reference for over 1,200 topics across four volumes, this resource in invaluable for both clinical and research settings. Coverage includes conditions, assessments, scales, diagnoses, treatments, and more, including biographies on psychologists of note and psychological organizations from across the globe. The Third Edition has been updated to reflect the growing impact of neuroscience and biomedical research, providing a highly relevant reference for the highest standard of care. |
| discrimination psychology classical conditioning: Classical Conditioning and Operant Conditioning W.W. Henton, I.H. Iversen, 2012-12-06 Since the appearance of the treatise on Schedules of Reinforcement by Ferster and Skinner over two decades ago, the literature in behavior analysis, both experimental and applied, has been dominated by a range of studies dedi cated to providing ever more systematic and refined accounts of these mainsprings of behavior control. For the most part, the analysis has been pursued in the best traditions of scientific methodology with careful atten tion to the isolation of controlling variables in unitary form. Of late, relatively simple interaction effects have provided an important additional focus for more sophisticated analyses. It is clear, however, from even a cursory survey of the monumental research and conceptual analysis which is represented in this scholarly volume by Henton and Iversen that the surface ofthis complex be havioral interactions domain has barely been scratched. The primary focus of this pioneering effort extends the competing response analysis across all experimental schedules, both classical and instrumental, as well as the interactions between the two. Appropriately, the analysis empha sizes overt behavioral interactions, beginning with the simplest case of one operant and one respondent, and inevitably implicating more diverse and subtle interactions. As the analysis expands to include interactions between multiple recorded responses, increasingly more precise empirical specifications ofrecip rocal interactions in response probabilities are revealed independently of con ventional procedural labels (i. e. , operants, respondents, collaterals, adjunc tives, etc. ) and traditional theoretical distinctions. |
| discrimination psychology classical conditioning: Neuropsychology of Memory, Third Edition Larry R. Squire, Daniel L. Schacter, 2003-03-13 This important reference and text brings together leading neuroscientists to describe approaches to the study of memory. Among major approaches covered are lesions; electrophysiology; single-unit recording; pharmacology; and molecular genetics. Chapters are organized into three sections, presenting state-of-the-art studies of memory in humans, nonhuman primates, and rodents and birds. Each chapter explicates the theoretical and methodological underpinnings of the authors' research program, reviews the latest empirical findings, and identifies salient directions for future investigation. Included are more than 50 illustrations. |
| discrimination psychology classical conditioning: The Behavior of Animals Johan J. Bolhuis, Luc-Alain Giraldeau, Jerry A. Hogan, 2021-12-29 The Behavior of Animals An updated view of animal behavior studies, featuring global experts The Behavior of Animals, Second Edition provides a broad overview of the current state of animal behavior studies with contributions from international experts. This edition includes new chapters on hormones and behavior, individuality, and human evolution. All chapters have been thoroughly revised and updated, and are supported by color illustrations, informative callouts, and accessible presentation of technical information. Provides an introduction to the study of animal behavior Looks at an extensive scope of topics- from perception, motivation and emotion, biological rhythms, and animal learning to animal cognition, communication, mate choice, and individuality. Explores the evolution of animal behavior including a critical evaluation of the assumption that human beings can be studied as if they were any other animal species. Students will benefit from an updated textbook in which a variety of contributors provide their expertise and global perspective in specialized areas |
| discrimination psychology classical conditioning: Experimental Psychology PressGrup Academician Team, Experimental Psychology: Uncovering the Mysteries of the Mind Introduction to Experimental Psychology The Scientific Method and Psychological Research Perception and Sensation Attention and Consciousness Learning and Memory Motivation and Emotion Cognitive Processes: Thinking, Reasoning, and Problem-Solving Social Cognition: Attitudes, Beliefs, and Behaviors Developmental Psychology: From Infancy to Adulthood Personality and Individual Differences Clinical Psychology and Mental Disorders Neuropsychology: The Brain and Behavior Experimental Design and Research Methods Ethical Considerations in Psychological Research |
| discrimination psychology classical conditioning: Classical Conditioning Isidore Gormezano, William Frederick Prokasy, Richard F. Thompson, 1987 First Published in 1986. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company. |
| discrimination psychology classical conditioning: Conditioning and Associative Learning Nicholas John Mackintosh, 1985 |
| discrimination psychology classical conditioning: AP Q&A Psychology, Second Edition: 600 Questions and Answers Robert McEntarffer, Kristin Whitlock, 2023-07-04 For more than 80 years, BARRON's has been helping students achieve their goals. Prep for the AP® Psychology exam with trusted review from our experts. |
| discrimination psychology classical conditioning: Introductory Psychology in Modules Brett Pelham, David Boninger, 2020-11-09 Introductory Psychology in Modules: Understanding Our Heads, Hearts, and Hands is a unique and comprehensive introduction to psychology. It consists of 36 short modules that keep students engaged with humor, a narrative style, and hands-on activities that facilitate interactive learning and critical thinking. Each stand-alone module focuses on a major topic in psychology, from the brain, sensation, memory, and cognition to human development, personality, social psychology, and clinical psychology. The modular format also allows a deep dive into important topics that have less coverage in other introductory psychology textbooks. This includes cross-cultural psychology, stereotypes and discrimination, evolutionary psychology, sex and gender, climate change, health psychology, and sport psychology. This truly modular format – ideal for both face to face and virtual learning – makes it easy for instructors to customize their readings and assign exactly what they wish to emphasize. The book also contains an abundance of pedagogical features, including numerous hands-on activities and/or group discussion activities, multiple-choice practice quizzes, and an instructor exam bank written by the authors. By covering both classic and contemporary topics, this book will delight students and instructors alike. The modular format also makes this a useful supplementary text for classes in nursing, medicine, social work, policing, and sociology. |
| discrimination psychology classical conditioning: The Orienting Reflex in Humans H. D. Kimmel, E. H. van Olst, J. F. Orlebeke, 2021-09-30 Originally published in 1979, the world’s leading researchers contributed chapters describing their work on the orienting reflex in humans. The contributions, at the time current and comprehensive, in a sense that each facet of contemporary research was represented, address the orienting reflex, now recognized as a fundamental component of human learning and cognitive function. The authors contributing to this volume emphasize both theoretical and methodological issues, as well as present more empirical research. Here is a volume that spans all current work on the orienting reflex in humans, both basic and applied, from the laboratory as well as clinical data, and which would be of immense interest to psychologists, psychophysiologists, psychiatrists, physiologists, and all others interested in this fascinating topic. |
| discrimination psychology classical conditioning: Aversive Conditioning and Learning F. Robert Brush, 2014-05-10 Aversive Conditioning and Learning covers the significant advances in establishing the phenomena, principles, and other aspects of aversive conditioning and learning. This book is organized into three sections encompassing nine chapters. The first section deals with operant and classical conditioning of responses of the autonomic nervous system and with behavioral measurement of conditioned fear. The next section discusses the mechanism of avoidance learning and a number of problem areas, including the effects of response selection on the ease of acquisition and the nature and slow time course of the processes that reinforce avoidance learning. Other problems explore are the influence on avoidance learning of prior experience with uncontrollable shock and with reliable and unreliable predictors of shock, an analysis of avoidance learning in terms of a Markov model of short- and long-term memory, and the nature of retention of conditioned fear and the possible hormonal mechanisms that control performance motivated by fear. The last section examines some of the unexpected effects of punishment, which usually produces suppression of behavior. This section emphasizes the effects of noncontingent aversive stimuli that may account for the suppressive effects of punishment and on the paradoxical facilitation of behavior that sometimes results from response-contingent shock. This book will prove useful to medical psychologists, psychiatrists, and workers in the related fields. |
| discrimination psychology classical conditioning: Cognition and the Symbolic Processes Walter B. Weimer, David S. Palermo, 2024-06-03 Originally published in 1974 and taking the revolution in psycholinguistics and cognitive psychology as a point of departure, this book summarizes the lessons learned from past attempts to construct a psychology of the higher mental processes. Even more importantly, it crystallizes specific directives and research proposals that show where cognitive psychology ought to go in the future. The relationship of learning theory, linguistics, and perception to the broad field of cognition and the nature of mind and knowledge are examined in detail. Today it can be read in its historical context. |
| discrimination psychology classical conditioning: Clinical Psychology Andrew M. Pomerantz, 2023-02-16 From award-winning author Andrew M. Pomerantz comes the Sixth Edition of Clinical Psychology: Science, Practice, and Diversity, providing students with an inclusive and culturally competent view of the vast world of clinical psychology. Through lively examples, robust scholarship, and a highly readable narrative, the author explores the key topics of clinical assessment, psychotherapy, and ethical and professional issues while also incorporating discussions of current controversies and specialized topics. With a career-focused feature and the latest research findings in the field, the new edition of this best-selling text is an essential resource for students in the classroom and beyond. This title is accompanied by a complete teaching and learning package. Contact your SAGE representative to request a demo. Learning Platform / Courseware SAGE Vantage is an intuitive learning platform that integrates quality SAGE textbook content with assignable multimedia activities and auto-graded assessments to drive student engagement and ensure accountability. Unparalleled in its ease of use and built for dynamic teaching and learning, Vantage offers customizable LMS integration and best-in-class support. It’s a learning platform you, and your students, will actually love. Learn more. Assignable Video with Assessment Assignable video (available in SAGE Vantage) is tied to learning objectives and curated exclusively for this text to bring concepts to life. Watch a sample video now. LMS Cartridge: Import this title’s instructor resources into your school’s learning management system (LMS) and save time. Don’t use an LMS? You can still access all of the same online resources for this title via the password-protected Instructor Resource Site. Learn more. |
| discrimination psychology classical conditioning: Handbook of Prejudice, Stereotyping, and Discrimination Todd D. Nelson, 2009-02-17 This Handbook provides a uniquely comprehensive and scholarly overview of the latest research on prejudice, stereotyping, and discrimination. All chapters are written by eminent prejudice researchers who explore key topics, by presenting an overview of current research and, where appropriate, developing new theory, models, or scales. The volume is clearly structured, with a broad section on cognitive, affective, and neurological processes, followed by chapters on some of the main target groups of prejudice – based on race, sex, age, sexual orientation, and weight. A concluding section explores the issues involved in reducing prejudice. Chapters on the history of research in prejudice and future directions round off this state-of-the-art Handbook. The volume will provide an essential resource for students, instructors, and researchers in social and personality psychology, and also be an invaluable reference for academics and professionals in the fields of sociology, communication studies, gerontology, nursing, medicine, as well as government and policymakers and social service agencies. |
| discrimination psychology classical conditioning: Psychology Library Editions: Comparative Psychology Various Authors, 2022-07-30 Psychology Library Editions: Comparative Psychology (16 Volume set) brings together a number of titles which explore animal behaviour and learning, some in isolation but mostly comparing it with human behaviour. Research in this area looks at many different issues, using various methods and examines species from insects to primates. The series of previously out-of-print titles, originally published between 1928 and 1997, with the majority from the 1970s and 1980s, includes contributions from many highly respected authors. |
| discrimination psychology classical conditioning: The Neuropsychology of Attention Ronald A. Cohen, 2013-12-11 It has been 15 years since the original publication of Neuropsychology of Attention. At the time of its publication, attention was a construct that had long been of theoretical interest in the field of psychology and was receiving increased research by cognitive scientists. Yet, attention was typically viewed as a nuisance variable; a factor that needed to be accounted for when assessing brain function, but of limited importance in its own right. There is a need for a new edition of this book within Neuropsychology to present an updated and integrated review of what is know about attention, the disorders that affect it, and approaches to its clinical assessment and treatment. Such a book will provide perspectives for experimental neuropsychological study of attention and also provide clinicians with insights on how to approach this neuropsychological domain. |
| discrimination psychology classical conditioning: Principles of Learning and Memory Rainer H. Kluwe, Gerd Lüer, Frank Rösler, 2012-12-06 Principles of Learning and Memory presents state-of-the-art reviews that cover the experimental analysis of behavior, as well as the biological basis of learning and memory, and that overcome traditional borders separating disciplines. The resulting chapters present and evaluate core findings of human learning and memory that are obtained in different fields of research and on different levels of analysis. The reader will acquire a broad and integrated perspective of human learning and memory based on current approaches in this domain. |
| discrimination psychology classical conditioning: EBOOK: Psychology: The Science of Mind and Behaviour Nigel Holt, Andy Bremner, Ed Sutherland, Michael Vliek, Michael Passer, Ronald Smith, 2015-02-16 Psychology: The Science of Mind and Behaviour is here with a new, fully updated and revised third edition. Bringing new developments in the field and its renowned pedagogical design, the third edition offers an exciting and engaging introduction to the study of psychology.This book’s scientific approach, which brings together international research, practical application and the levels of analysis framework, encourages critical thinking about psychology and its impact on our daily lives. Key features: Fully updated research and data throughout the book as well as increased cross cultural referencesRestructured Chapter 3 on Genes, Environment and Behaviour, which now starts with a discussion of Darwinian theory before moving on to Mendelian geneticsCore subject updates such as DSM-5 for psychological disorders and imaging techniques on the brain are fully integratedRevised and updated Research Close Up boxesCurrent Issues and hot topics such as, the study of happiness and schizophrenia, intelligence testing, the influence of the media and conflict and terrorism are discussed to prompt debates and questions facing psychologists todayNew to this edition is Recommended Reading of both classic and contemporary studies at the end of chapters Connect™ Psychology: a digital teaching and learning environment that improves performance over a variety of critical outcomes; easy to use and proven effective. LearnSmart™: the most widely used and intelligent adaptive learning resource that is proven to strengthen memory recall, improve course retention and boost grades. SmartBook™: Fuelled by LearnSmart, SmartBook is the first and only adaptive reading experience available today. |
| discrimination psychology classical conditioning: International Review of Research in Mental Retardation , 1970-03-31 International Review of Research in Mental Retardation |
| discrimination psychology classical conditioning: Psychology: From Inquiry to Understanding Scott Lilienfeld, Steven Jay Lynn, Laura Namy, Nancy Woolf, Graham Jamieson, Anthony Marks, Virginia Slaughter, 2014-10-01 Psychology: from inquiry to understanding 2e continues its commitment to emphasise the importance of scientific-thinking skills. It teaches students how to test their assumptions, and motivates them to use scientific thinking skills to better understand the field of psychology in their everyday lives. With leading classic and contemporary research from both Australia and abroad and referencing DSM-5, students will understand the global nature of psychology in the context of Australia’s cultural landscape. |
| discrimination psychology classical conditioning: Handbook of Learning and Cognitive Processes (Volume 1) W. Estes, 2014-06-20 From the Foreword: Is it possible at present to identify a core cluster of theoretical ideas, concepts, and methods with which everyone working in the area of learning and cognition needs to be familiar? Would it be possible to make explicit the relationships that we feel do or must exist among the various subspecialties, ranging from conditioning through perceptual learning and memory to psycholinguistics, and to present these in a sufficiently organized way to help specialists and non-specialists alike in relating particular lines of research to the broader spectrum of activity? These questions were posed to a substantial number of investigators who are currently most active in developing the ideas and doing the research. Their response constitutes this Handbook... First published in 1975, Volume 1 of this Handbook attempts to present an overview of the field and to introduce the principal theoretical and methodological issues that will persistently recur in the expanded treatments of specific research areas that comprise the later volumes. Deferring to the current Zeitgeist rather than to chronology, they begin with the present state of cognitive psychology, then introduce the comparative approach, and conclude this volume with a rapid, three-chapter review of the evolution of ideas from conditioning to information processing. |
| discrimination psychology classical conditioning: Handbook of Learning and Cognitive Processes W. Estes, 2022-07-30 Is it possible at present to identify a core cluster of theoretical ideas, concepts, and methods with which everyone working in the area of learning and cognition needs to be familiar? Would it be possible to make explicit the relationships that we feel do or must exist among the various subspecialties, ranging from conditioning through perceptual learning and memory to psycholinguistics, and to present these in a sufficiently organized way to help specialists and non-specialists alike in relating particular lines of research to the broader spectrum of activity? These questions were posed to a substantial number of investigators who were most active in developing the ideas and doing the research in the early 1970s. Originally published between 1975 and 1978, their response constitutes this 6-volume Handbook of Learning and Cognitive Processes. The volumes survey the research and theory on learning and cognitive processes that were rapidly developing at the time. The primary orientation was to concentrate on research and models aimed toward the development of general cognitive theory. They were up-to-date with regard to theoretical and technical developments, and sufficiently self-contained to be readable by anyone with a reasonable scientific background, regardless of their acquaintance with the technical jargon of particular specialties. Previously out of print, the Handbook is now available again, as a set or as individual volumes. |
| discrimination psychology classical conditioning: Classical Conditioning and Instrumental Learning John F. Hall, 1976 |
| discrimination psychology classical conditioning: Psychology as the Behaviorist Views it John Broadus Watson, 1913 |
| discrimination psychology classical conditioning: Dictionary of Biological Psychology Philip Winn, 2003-09-02 Biological Psychology is the study of psychological processes in terms of biological functions. A major obstacle to understanding dialogue in the field has always been its terminology which is drawn from a variety of non-psychological sources such as clinical medicine, psychiatry and neuroscience, as well as specialist areas of psychology such as ethology, learning theory and psychophysics. For the first time, a distinguished international team of contributors has now drawn these terms together and defined them both in terms of their physical properties and their behavioural significance. The Dictionary of Biological Psychology will prove an invaluable source of reference for undergraduates in psychology wrestling with the fundamentals of brain physiology, anatomy and chemistry, as well as researchers and practitioners in the neurosciences, psychiatry and the professions allied to medicine. It is an essential resource both for teaching and for independent study, reliable for fact-checking and a solid starting point for wider exploration. |
| discrimination psychology classical conditioning: Progress in Psychobiology and Physiological Psychology James M. Sprague, Alan N. Epstein, 2013-10-22 Progress in Psychobiology and Physiological Psychology, Volume 10 reviews progress in the fields of psychobiology and physiological psychology, with emphasis on the anatomy and function of the brain in terms of behavior expressed by the organism. Topics covered include neuronal plasticity maintained by the central norepinephrine system in the visual cortex of the cat; pain sensation in primates; and classical conditioning in the rabbit. Comprised of four chapters, this volume begins with a discussion on the elegant body of research relating the norepinephrine system of the brain and plasticity in the developing visual cortex. The next chapter offers a critical and insightful account of pain sensations and responses in monkeys and humans, the effect of morphine on them, and the neural pathways in the spinal cord mediating them. The third chapter investigates the neural basis of the nictitating membrane response (NMR) electrophysiologically, recording from a number of brain sites. It shows that the memory trace for this conditioned response is localized in the cerebellum. The final chapter is devoted to the principles and methods of classical conditioning, centered on the NMR in the rabbit. Conditioning is analyzed within a broad experimental and theoretical context. This book should be of interest to biologists, psychologists, and physiologists. |
| discrimination psychology classical conditioning: Handbook of Learning and Cognitive Processes (Volume 3) William Estes, 2014-06-20 Originally published in 1976, Volume 3 of this Handbook deals primarily with conditions of acquisition, retention and forgetting, and the manner in which acquired information and motivation combine to determine performance. The organization of this volume can be understood in terms of four principal categories. The first category deals with general problems of methodology, the second and third with basic concepts arising from research on human learning and performance and the fourth with applications. Volume 1 presented an overview of the field and introduced principal theoretical and methodological issues that persistently recurred in the expanded treatment of specific research areas which comprise the later volumes. The areas traditionally associated with conditioning, learning theory and the basic psychology of human learning are treated in Volumes 2 and 3. The last three volumes will range over active lines of research having to do with human cognitive processes, at the time: Volume 4, attention, memory storage and retrieval; Volumes 5 and 6, information processing, reading, semantic memory, and problem solving. |
| discrimination psychology classical conditioning: EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY HARDEEP KAUR SHERGILL, 2012-01-19 Focusing on the various aspects of human behaviour, the book introduces the nature and theories of sensation, perception, learning, memory, psychophysics and other areas involved in psychology. It also highlights the importance of cognitive processes such as thinking, reasoning and problem-solving. Besides, the book provides essential knowledge and skills for using statistical tools in organising and computing research data. Designed in an easy-to-understand and illustrative manner, this book is primarily aimed at undergraduate students of psychology. The text will also prove useful to all those students who have been introduced with this subject for the first time. |
Discrimination: What it is and how to cope
Oct 31, 2019 · Often, discrimination stems from fear and misunderstanding. Stress and health. Discrimination is a public health issue. Research has found that the experience of …
Racism, bias, and discrimination - American Psychological …
Discrimination is usually the behavioral manifestation of prejudice and therefore involves negative, hostile, and injurious treatment of the members of rejected groups. Racism is a form of …
Exploring the cause and effects of subtle discrimination
Oct 1, 2020 · While this study shows that subtle discrimination persists, other research by Hebl suggests that laws preventing overt discrimination can tamp down subtle discrimination as …
Discussing discrimination - American Psychological Association …
Gwendolyn Keita, PhD, executive director of APA’s Public Interest Directorate discusses how and why to put discrimination on the conversation agenda. According to psychological research, …
Scientific research illuminating the mental health impacts of racism ...
Nov 1, 2024 · A study in JAMA Network Open suggests that racial discrimination can trigger depression and anxiety in some Black adolescents. Researchers asked 1,596 Black …
Discrimination linked to increased stress, poorer health
The survey, which was conducted online by Harris Poll on behalf of APA among 3,361 adults in August 2015, found that nearly seven in 10 adults in the U.S. report having experienced …
The Impact of Discrimination - American Psychological Association …
A wealth of psychological research shows that discrimination can exacerbate stress. Moreover, discrimination-related stress is linked to mental health issues, such as anxiety and depression, …
Ageism is one of the last socially acceptable prejudices.
Mar 1, 2023 · Ageism is defined as discrimination against older people because of negative and inaccurate stereotypes—and it’s so ingrained in our culture that we often don’t even notice. …
Talking to kids about discrimination
All children can benefit from talking openly about diversity and bias. But for kids in groups more likely to be a target of discrimination, such conversations can be even more critical. Perceived …
A brief history of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender social …
Mar 16, 2023 · In 1965, as the civil rights movement won new legislation outlawing racial discrimination, the first gay rights demonstrations took place in Philadelphia and Washington, …
Discrimination: What it is and how to cope
Oct 31, 2019 · Often, discrimination stems from fear and misunderstanding. Stress and health. Discrimination is a public health issue. Research has found that the experience of …
Racism, bias, and discrimination - American Psychological …
Discrimination is usually the behavioral manifestation of prejudice and therefore involves negative, hostile, and injurious treatment of the members of rejected groups. Racism is a form of prejudice …
Exploring the cause and effects of subtle discrimination
Oct 1, 2020 · While this study shows that subtle discrimination persists, other research by Hebl suggests that laws preventing overt discrimination can tamp down subtle discrimination as well. …
Discussing discrimination - American Psychological Association …
Gwendolyn Keita, PhD, executive director of APA’s Public Interest Directorate discusses how and why to put discrimination on the conversation agenda. According to psychological research, …
Scientific research illuminating the mental health impacts of racism ...
Nov 1, 2024 · A study in JAMA Network Open suggests that racial discrimination can trigger depression and anxiety in some Black adolescents. Researchers asked 1,596 Black adolescents …
Discrimination linked to increased stress, poorer health
The survey, which was conducted online by Harris Poll on behalf of APA among 3,361 adults in August 2015, found that nearly seven in 10 adults in the U.S. report having experienced …
The Impact of Discrimination - American Psychological Association …
A wealth of psychological research shows that discrimination can exacerbate stress. Moreover, discrimination-related stress is linked to mental health issues, such as anxiety and depression, …
Ageism is one of the last socially acceptable prejudices.
Mar 1, 2023 · Ageism is defined as discrimination against older people because of negative and inaccurate stereotypes—and it’s so ingrained in our culture that we often don’t even notice. Most …
Talking to kids about discrimination
All children can benefit from talking openly about diversity and bias. But for kids in groups more likely to be a target of discrimination, such conversations can be even more critical. Perceived …
A brief history of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender social …
Mar 16, 2023 · In 1965, as the civil rights movement won new legislation outlawing racial discrimination, the first gay rights demonstrations took place in Philadelphia and Washington, …
