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| discipline in japanese language: Discourses of Discipline Aaron Levi Miller, 2013 |
| discipline in japanese language: A Discipline on Foot Alan Christy, 2012-08-17 Exploring the fundamental question of how a new discipline comes into being, this groundbreaking book tells the story of the emergence of native ethnology in Imperial Japan, a “one nation” social science devoted to the study of the Japanese people. Roughly corresponding to folklore studies or ethnography in the West, this social science was developed outside the academy over the first half of the twentieth century by a diverse group of intellectuals, local dignitaries, and hobbyists. Alan Christy traces the paths of the distinctive individuals who founded minzokugaku, how theory and practice developed, and how many previously unknown figures contributed to the growth of the discipline. Despite its humble beginnings, native ethnology today is a fixture in Japanese intellectual life, offering arguments and evidence about the popular, as opposed to elite, foundations of Japanese culture. Speaking directly to fundamental questions in anthropology, this authoritative and engaging book will become a standard not only for the field of native ethnology but also as a major work in broader modern Japanese cultural and intellectual history. |
| discipline in japanese language: A Sociology of Japanese Youth Roger Goodman, Yuki Imoto, Tuukka Toivonen, 2012-06-25 Over the past thirty years, whilst Japan has produced a diverse set of youth cultures which have had a major impact on popular culture across the globe, it has also developed a succession of youth problems which have led to major concerns within the country itself. Drawing on detailed empirical fieldwork, the authors of this volume set these issues in a clearly articulated ‘social constructionist’ framework, and put forth a sociology of Japanese youth problems which argues that there is a certain predictability about the way in which these problems are discovered, defined and dealt with. The chapters include case studies covering issues such as: Returnee children (kikokushijo) Compensated dating (enjo kōsai) Corporal punishment (taibatsu) Bullying (ijime) Child abuse (jidō gyakutai) The withdrawn youth (hikikomori) and NEETs (not in education, employment or training) By examining these various social problems collectively, A Sociology of Japanese Youth explains why particular youth problems appeared when they did and what lessons they can provide for the study of youth problems in other societies. This book will be of huge interest to students and scholars of Japanese society and culture, the sociology of Japan, Japanese anthropology and the comparative sociology of youth studies. |
| discipline in japanese language: Exploring Regimes of Discipline Noel Dyck, 2008-04-01 The pursuit and practice of discipline have become near ubiquitous elements of contemporary social life and parlance, as discipline has become a commonplace and ever sought-after social technology. From the celebrated “discipline of the market” proclaimed by neo-liberal politicians, to self-actualizing experiences of embodied discipline proffered by martial arts instructors, this volume showcases highly varied and complex disciplinary practices and relationships in a set of ethnographic studies. Interrogating the respective fields of work, religion, governance, leisure, education and child rearing, together the essays in this volume explore and offer new ways of thinking about discipline in everyday life. |
| discipline in japanese language: Order and Discipline in China Thomas B. Stephens, 2016-06-01 China’s traditional system of dispute resolution and maintenance of order in society has been treated by Western scholars as legal history, but because the Chinese system is radically different from European systems in its conceptual structure and therefore does not fit into the familiar categories and models of Western law and jurisprudence, such treatment has been inadequate and often misleading. In Order and Discipline in China, Thomas B. Stephens provides a new approach, methodology, and theoretical framework for the interpretation of traditional Chinese “law.” Stephens argues convincingly that Chinese society has always operated according to the disciplinary system of order, ni which hierarchy is established by actual power, and he provides a thorough methodology and framework for understanding disciplinary theory. He discusses the system, showing it not the random (or even unjust) tyranny it may sometimes appear to the Western, legally oriented mind but an effective system that successfully guided China for centuries. The study is not merely historical, but provides insights into Chinese ways of thinking about social relationships, dispute resolution, and the enforcement of civil obligations that are vital to intercultural understanding today. His study is based on the activities of the Mixed Court of the International Settlement at Shanghai, which dealth with legal problems concerning Chinese people within the representative, or “assessor.” The Mixed Court conventionally has been looked upon as a disciplinary tribunal enforcing a system of dispute resolution and the maintenance of social order upon the principles of disciplinary theory. The Mixed Court is a convenient point from which to measure the legal and disciplinary systems against each other and to study them in conflict. Although Western powers tried to interpret the court in legal terms, it responds much more convincingly to analysis according to the disciplinary system: it provided its right to rule by the abililty to enforce its decisions, and it decided cases not, as claimed, by Chinese laws (which actually did not exist) but according to those principles established by the Western consuls. Order and Disipline in China will be of interest not only to legal scholars and students of Chinese history and society, but also to students of social order and international relations throughout the world. It also offers practical assistance to Westerners dealing with Chinese business relations, social and political affairs, or dispute settlement. |
| discipline in japanese language: Japan Khoon Choy Lee, 1995 This work, written by an ex-Ambassador to Japan, is a first-hand account and observation of the various aspects of Japanese society ? political, historical, social and economic. It introduces themes such as Japanese religions and the political system, as well as describing and explaining many of the country's rich traditions. The author's personal experiences of Japan are interspersed with historical tales and factual details, providing an insight into Japanese behavior, thinking and way of life. This book will be immensely useful to those who wish to gain a deeper knowledge and understanding of the Japanese mind. It is the result of a four-year stay in Japan by the author, a Singaporean ex-Ambassador and politician. |
| discipline in japanese language: Language and Content Merle Krueger, Frank Ryan, 1993 |
| discipline in japanese language: Japanese Studies P. A. George, 2010 Papers presented at the three day International Conference on Changing Global Profile of Japanese Studies : Trends and Prospects, held at New Delhi during 6-8 March 2009. |
| discipline in japanese language: Handbook of Japanese Applied Linguistics Masahiko Minami, 2016-01-15 Applied linguistics is the best single label to represent a wide range of contemporary research at the intersection of linguistics, anthropology, psychology, and sociology, to name a few. The Handbook of Japanese Applied Linguistics reflects crosscurrents in applied linguistics, an ever-developing branch/discipline of linguistics. The book is divided into seven sections, where each chapter discusses in depth the importance of particular topics, presenting not only new findings in Japanese, but also practical implications for other languages. Section 1 examines first language acquisition/development, whereas Section 2 covers issues related to second language acquisition/development and bilingualism/multilingualism. Section 3 presents problems associated with the teaching and learning of foreign languages. Section 4 undertakes questions in corpus/computational linguistics. Section 5 deals with clinical linguistics, and Section 6 takes up concerns in the area of translation/interpretation. Finally, Section 7 discusses Japanese sign language. Covering a wide range of current issues in an in an in-depth, comprehensive manner, the book will be useful for researchers as well as graduate students who are interested in Japanese linguistics in general, and applied linguistics in particular. Chapter titles Chapter 1. Cognitive Bases and Caregivers' Speech in Early Language Development (Tamiko Ogura, Tezukayama University) Chapter 2. Literacy Acquisition in Japanese Children (Etsuko Haryu, University of Tokyo) Chapter 3. Age Factors in Language Acquisition (Yuko Goto Butler, University of Pennsylvania) Chapter 4. Cross-lingual Transfer from L1 to L2 Among School-age Children (Kazuko Nakajima, University of Toronto) Chapter 5. Errors and Learning Strategies by Learners of Japanese as an L2 (Kumiko Sakoda, Hiroshima University/NINJAL) Chapter 6. Adult JFL Learners' Acquisition of Speech Style Shift (Haruko Minegishi Cook, University of Hawai'i at Manoa) Chapter 7. Japanese Language Proficiency Assessment (Noriko Kobayashi, Tsukuba University) Chapter 8. The Role of Instruction in Acquiring Japanese as a Second Language (Kaoru Koyanagi, Sophia University) Chapter 9. The Influence of Topic Choice on Narrative Proficiency by Learners of Japanese as a Foreign Language (Masahiko Minami, San Francisco State University) Chapter 10. CHILDES for Japanese: Corpora, Programs, and Perspectives (Susanne Miyata, Aichi Shukutoku University) Chapter 11. KY Corpus (Jae-Ho Lee, Tsukuba University) Chapter 12. Corpus-based Second Language Acquisition Research (Hiromi Ozeki, Reitaku University) Chapter 13. Assessment of Language Development in Children with Hearing Impairment and Language Disorders (Kiyoshi Otomo, Tokyo Gakugei University) Chapter 14. Speech and Language Acquisition in Japanese Children with Down Syndrome (Toru Watamaki, Nagasaki University) Chapter 15. Revisiting Autistic Language: Is literalness a Truth or Myth? Manabu Oi (Osaka University/Kanazawa University) Chapter 16. Towards a Robust, Genre-based Translation Model and its Application (Judy Noguchi, Mukogawa Women's University; Atsuko Misaki, Kwansei Gakuin University; Shoji Miyanaga, Ritsumeikan University; Masako Terui, Kinki University) Chapter 17. Japanese Sign Language: An Introduction (Daisuke Hara, Toyota Technological Institute) Chapter 18. Japanese Sign Language Phonology and Morphology (Daisuke Hara, Toyota Technological Institute) Chapter 19. Japanese Sign Language Syntax (Noriko Imazato, Kobe City College of Technology) Chapter 20. Sign Language Development and Language Input (Takashi Torigoe, Hyogo University of Teacher Education) |
| discipline in japanese language: Confucius Lives Next Door T.R. Reid, 2013-04-24 Those who've heard T. R. Reid's weekly commentary on National Public Radio or read his far-flung reporting in National Geographic or The Washington Post know him to be trenchant, funny, and cutting-edge, but also erudite and deeply grounded in whatever subject he's discussing. In Confucius Lives Next Door he brings all these attributes to the fore as he examines why Japan, China, Taiwan, and other East Asian countries enjoy the low crime rates, stable families, excellent education, and civil harmony that remain so elusive in the West. Reid, who has spent twenty-five years studying Asia and was for five years The Washington Post's Tokyo bureau chief, uses his family's experience overseas--including mishaps and misapprehensions--to look at Asia's social miracle and its origin in the ethical values outlined by the Chinese sage Confucius 2,500 years ago. When Reid, his wife, and their three children moved from America to Japan, the family quickly became accustomed to the surface differences between the two countries. In Japan, streets don't have names, pizza comes with seaweed sprinkled on top, and businesswomen in designer suits and Ferragamo shoes go home to small concrete houses whose washing machines are outdoors because there's no room inside. But over time Reid came to appreciate the deep cultural differences, helped largely by his courtly white-haired neighbor Mr. Matsuda, who personified ancient Confucian values that are still dominant in Japan. Respect, responsibility, hard work--these and other principles are evident in Reid's witty, perfectly captured portraits, from that of the school his young daughters attend, in which the students maintain order and scrub the floors, to his depiction of the corporate ceremony that welcomes new employees and reinforces group unity. And Reid also examines the drawbacks of living in such a society, such as the ostracism of those who don't fit in and the acceptance of routine political bribery. Much Western ink has been spilled trying to figure out the East, but few journalists approach the subject with T. R. Reid's familiarity and insight. Not until we understand the differences between Eastern and Western perceptions of what constitutes success and personal happiness will we be able to engage successfully, politically and economically, with those whose moral center is governed by Confucian doctrine. Fascinating and immensely readable, Confucius Lives Next Door prods us to think about what lessons we might profitably take from the Asian Way--and what parts of it we want to avoid. |
| discipline in japanese language: Knowledge Production and Epistemic Decolonization at the End of Pax Americana Naoki Sakai, Jon Solomon, Peter Button, 2023-07-21 This book critically analyzes the global hegemony of the United States – a hegemony whose innovative aspect consists in articulating postcoloniality to imperial control – in relation to knowledge and knowledge production. Through targeted case studies on the historical relationship between regional areas and the United States, the authors explore possibilities and obstacles to epistemic decolonization. By highlighting the connection between the control of work and the control of communication that has been at the core of the colonial regimes of accumulation (‘classic colonialism’), they present an entirely new form of disciplinary practice, not based on the equation of evolution and knowledge. An extensive introduction outlines the historical genealogy of Pax Americana epistemic hegemony, while individual chapters examine the implications for different regions of the world and different domains of activity, including visual culture, economy, migration, the arts, and translation. This interdisciplinary collection will appeal to students and scholars in many fields, including Asian studies, American studies, postcolonialism, and political theory. |
| discipline in japanese language: Training Teachers for Americanization Alice Barrows, Arthur Jay Klein, Charles Robinson Toothaker, Hannah Margaret Harris, John Joseph Mahoney, Katherine Margaret Cook, National Education Association of the United States. Commission on the Reorganization of Secondary Education, Walton Colcord John, Walter Sylvanus Deffenbaugh, 1920 |
| discipline in japanese language: Bulletin United States. Office of Education, 1920 |
| discipline in japanese language: Memories of War Suzanne Falgout, Lin Poyer, Laurence Marshall Carucci, 2016-06-01 Micronesians often liken the Pacific War to a typhoon, one that swept away their former lives and brought dramatic changes to their understandings of the world and their places in it. Whether they spent the war in bomb shelters, in sweet potato fields under the guns of Japanese soldiers, or in their homes on atolls sheltered from the war, Micronesians who survived those years know that their peoples passed through a major historical transformation. Yet Pacific War histories scarcely mention the Islanders across whose lands and seas the fighting waged. Memories of War sets out to the fill that historical gap by presenting the missing voices of Micronesians and by viewing those years from their perspectives. The focus is on Micronesian remembrances—the ritual commemorations, features of the landscape, stories, dances, and songs that keep their memories of the conflict alive. The inclusion of numerous and extensive interviews and songs is an important feature of this book, allowing Micronesians to speak for themselves about their experiences. In addition, they also reveal distinctively Micronesian cultural memories of war. Memories of War preserves powerful and poignant memories for Micronesians; it also demonstrates to students of history and culture the extent to which cultural practices and values shape the remembrance of personal experience. |
| discipline in japanese language: Rethinking Japan Vol 2 Adriana Boscaro, Franco Gatti, Massimo Raveri, 2018-12-07 These papers explore the debate over new directions in Japanese studies. |
| discipline in japanese language: Primary School in Japan Peter Cave, 2007-11-30 The balance between individual independence and social interdependence is a perennial debate in Japan. A series of educational reforms since 1990, including the implementation of a new curriculum in 2002, has been a source of fierce controversy. This book, based on an extended, detailed study of two primary schools in the Kinki district of Japan, discusses these debates, shows how reforms have been implemented at the school level, and explores how the balance between individuality and social interdependence is managed in practice. It discusses these complex issues in relation to personal identity within the class and within the school, in relation to gender issues, and in relation to the teaching of specific subjects, including language, literature and mathematics. The book concludes that, although recent reforms have tended to stress individuality and independence, teachers in primary schools continue to balance the encouragement of individuality and self-direction with the development of interdependence and empathy. |
| discipline in japanese language: Japan and the Shackles of the Past R. Taggart Murphy, 2014-11-07 Japan is one of the world's wealthiest and most technologically advanced nations, and its rapid ascent to global power status after 1853 remains one of the most remarkable stories in modern world history. Yet it has not been an easy path; military catastrophe, political atrophy, and economic upheavals have made regular appearances from the feudal era to the present. Today, Japan is seen as a has-been with a sluggish economy, an aging population, dysfunctional politics, and a business landscape dominated by yesterday's champions. Though it is supposed to be America's strongest ally in the Asia-Pacific region, it has almost entirely disappeared from the American radar screen. In Japan and the Shackles of the Past, R. Taggart Murphy places the current troubles of Japan in a sweeping historical context, moving deftly from early feudal times to the modern age that began with the Meiji Restoration. Combining fascinating analyses of Japanese culture and society over the centuries with hard-headed accounts of Japan's numerous political regimes, Murphy not only reshapes our understanding of Japanese history, but of Japan's place in the contemporary world. He concedes that Japan has indeed been out of sight and out of mind in recent decades, but contends that this is already changing. Political and economic developments in Japan today risk upheaval in the pivotal arena of Northeast Asia, inviting comparisons with Europe on the eve of the First World War. America's half-completed effort to remake Japan in the late 1940s is unraveling, and the American foreign policy and defense establishment is directly culpable for what has happened. The one apparent exception to Japan's malaise is the vitality of its pop culture, but it's actually no exception at all; rather, it provides critical clues to what is going on now. With insights into everything from Japan's politics and economics to the texture of daily life, gender relations, the changing business landscape, and popular and high culture, Japan and the Shackles of the Past is the indispensable guide to understanding Japan in all its complexity. |
| discipline in japanese language: Journal of International Students, 2018 Vol. 8 (4) Krishna Bista, Chris Glass, The Journal of International Students (JIS), an academic, interdisciplinary, and peer-reviewed publication (Print ISSN 2162-3104 & Online ISSN 2166-3750), publishes scholarly peer reviewed articles on international students in tertiary education, secondary education, and other educational settings that make significant contributions to research, policy, and practice in the internationalization of higher education. |
| discipline in japanese language: Circular of information , 1875 |
| discipline in japanese language: Columbia University Bulletin Columbia University, 1968 |
| discipline in japanese language: Paradise Redefined Vanessa Fong, 2011-08-01 This book picks up where author Vanessa Fong left off in Only Hope: Coming of Age under China's One-Child Policy (Stanford, 2004), and continues by telling the stories of the Chinese youth who left China in their teens and 20s to study in Australia, Europe, Japan, New Zealand, North America, or Singapore. Fong examines the expectations and experiences of Chinese students who go abroad in search of opportunity, and the factors that cause some to return to China and others to stay abroad. |
| discipline in japanese language: General Register University of Michigan, 1952 Announcements for the following year included in some vols. |
| discipline in japanese language: University of Michigan Official Publication , 1952 |
| discipline in japanese language: Catalogue of the University of Michigan University of Michigan, 1949 Announcements for the following year included in some vols. |
| discipline in japanese language: Early Childhood Education From an Intercultural and Bilingual Perspective Huertas-Abril, Cristina A., Gómez-Parra, María Elena, 2018-05-11 Around the world, school districts and institutions are exploring ways to provide quality education to their students. With this, there is a deeper need for multiculturalism in classrooms, as many students are from varying cultures and speak different languages. Early Childhood Education From an Intercultural and Bilingual Perspective provides emerging research on the use of play, toys, and games as tools for meaningful multicultural and bilingual education. By highlighting topics such as cross-cultural psychology, classroom management, and second language acquisition, this publication explores the importance of culture in games and play. This book is an important resource for educators, academicians, researchers, and students seeking current research on the role of intercultural education in society and modern approaches to early education. |
| discipline in japanese language: Selected Works of D.T. Suzuki, Volume IV Daisetsu Teitaro Suzuki, 2020-12-22 Daisetsu Teitarо̄ Suzuki was a key figure in the introduction of Buddhism to the non-Asian world. Many outside Japan encountered Buddhism for the first time through his writings and teaching, and for nearly a century his work and legacy have contributed to the ongoing religious and cultural interchange between Japan and the rest of the world, particularly the United States and Europe. This fourth volume of Selected Works of D. T. Suzuki brings together a range of Suzuki’s writings in the area of Buddhist studies. Based on his text-critical work in the Chinese canon, these essays reflect his commitment to clarifying Mahāyāna Buddhist doctrines in Indian, Chinese, and Japanese historical contexts. Many of these innovative writings reflect Buddhological discourse in contemporary Japan and the West’s pre-war ignorance of Mahāyāna thought. Included is a translation into English for the first time of his Mahāyāna Was Not Preached by Buddha. In addition to editing the essays and contributing the translation, Mark L. Blum presents an introduction that examines how Suzuki understood Mahāyāna discourse via Chinese sources and analyzes his problematic use of Sanskrit. |
| discipline in japanese language: Transactions of the Asiatic Society of Japan Asiatic Society of Japan, 2012 List of transactions, v. 1-41 in v. 41. |
| discipline in japanese language: The Orientation of Science and Technology Shigeru Nakayama, 2009-02-26 One of the most distinguished science historians of the twentieth century, Shigeru Nakayama has been at the forefront of redirecting or ‘reorientating’ conventional East Asian science and technology, arguing, like Joseph Needham, that the ‘orientation of science’ refers not only to the direction of science but also implies a turning to Eastern science. In recent times, he has been arguing for implementation of a ‘Service Science’,which is linked to the rights and needs of mankind. A survivor of the Hiroshima atomic bomb, he majored in astrophysics at the University of Tokyo and wrote on the history of astronomy for his PhD and later on the history of science for his Harvard PhD. |
| discipline in japanese language: Secrets for Thriving in the Gig Zone Ketaki Karnik, 2021-02-02 What is gig-ing? Will your job be gig-ed out? How do you succeed in the gig world? You think that gig-ing is the future of work? Wrong! The gig era is already here. The gig economy is, arguably, the biggest disrupter of organisational models. Driven by digitisation, remote working, and platform economies, it is transforming the traditional system of employment. More jobs are now being assigned to individual independent contractors. Covid-19 has exponentially accelerated this momentum. Gig is no longer the future; it is now. Whether by choice or perforce, you either are a gig-er or will turn into one very soon. While companies are scrambling to adapt, the impact is most severe at the individual level. Rules of a full-time job do not apply any longer. You will have to reinvent yourself. Thriving in the gig world is not merely about getting your skill set right. It requires mastering four complementary dimensions—Gig Attitude, Gig Lifestyle, Gig Personality, and Gig Functional Skills. Secrets for Thriving in the Gig Zone offers practical hacks to win in this booming world. Based on the author’s first-hand experiences, this book lays out actionable secrets. Peppered with real-life examples, quotes from other gig-ers, and ready-to-use templates for self-evaluation, this book will steer you to success. |
| discipline in japanese language: The Bilingual School in the United States Paul J. Ramsey, 2012-06-01 This much-needed volume is an edited collection of primary sources that document the history of bilingual education in U.S. public schools during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Part I of the volume examines the development of dual-language programs for immigrants, colonized Mexicans, and Native Americans during the nineteenth century. Part II considers the attacks on bilingual education during the Progressive-era drive for an English-only curriculum and during the First World War. Part III explores the resurgence of bilingual activities, particularly among Spanish speakers and Native Americans, during the interwar period and details the rise of the federal government’s involvement in bilingual instruction during the post-WWII decades. Part IV of the volume examines the recent campaigns against bilingual education and explores dual-language practices in today’s classrooms. A compilation of school reports, letters, government documents, and other primary sources, this volume provides rich insights into the history of this very contentious educational policy and practice and will be of great interest to historians and language scholars, as well as to educational practitioners and policymakers. |
| discipline in japanese language: Language, Society, and the State Gareth Price, 2019-06-17 Using Taiwan as a case study, this book constructs an innovative theory of a political sociology of language. Through documentary and ethnographic data and a comparative-historical method the book illustrates how language mediates interactions between society and the state and becomes politicized as a result; how language, politics and power are intertwined processes; and how these processes are not isolated in institutions but socially embedded. |
| discipline in japanese language: Taiwan's Modernization Wei-Bin Zhang, 2003 1. Introduction. 1.1. Taiwan's economic miracle and rapid democratization. 1.2. Common patterns of industrialization in the Confucian regions. 1.3. The principles of Confucianism. 1.4. Modernizing manifestations of Confucianism -- 2. History before 1945. 2.1. Taiwan under the Dutch. 2.2. The Ch'ing dynasty. 2.3. Taiwan under the Manchus. 2.3. Taiwan under Japanese colonial rule. 2.4. Taiwan was returned to the Chinese on October 25, 1945 -- 3. Government and democratization. 3.1. The Confucian ideal government: the government for the people. 3.2. Sun Yat-Sen's three principles of the people. 3.3. The KMT on Taiwan before 1950. 3.4. Consolidation of power in the 1950s and 1960s. 3.5. Limited liberalization in the 1970s. 3.6. Democratization in the 1980s. 3.7. Consolidation of democracy since 1990. 3.8. Taiwan's relations with the PRC -- 4. Education, science, and technology. 4.1. Education in the colonial time. 4.2. Education in Taiwan. 4.3. Mandarin versus Taiwanese language. 4.4. Science and technology (S&T) and the government policy. 4.5. Taiwanese computer industry competes in the global market. 4.6. Taiwan's economic growth and human capital growth -- 5. The economic miracle. 5.1. The economic miracle. 5.2. Economic growth with government intervention. 5.3. Small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). 5.4. Economic structural transformation. 5.5. Trade dynamics. 5.6. Economic linkages between Taiwan and Mainland China. 5.7. Income distribution and social welfare. 5.8. Poverty in Taiwan. 5.9. Economic consequences of social welfare -- 6. Uncertain future. 6.1 Sustainable economic development or a paper tiger? 6.2. Political flexibility and respect for law. 6.3. Taiwan and the mainland. 6.4. Being oneself, being Taiwanese, being Chinese. |
| discipline in japanese language: Handbook of the Ainu Language Anna Bugaeva, 2022-10-24 The volume is aimed at preserving invaluable knowledge about Ainu, a language-isolate previously spoken in Hokkaido, Sakhalin, and Kurils, which is now on the verge of extinction. Ainu was not a written language, but it possesses a huge documented stock of oral literature, yet is significantly under-described in terms of grammar. It is the only non-Japonic language of Japan and is typologically different not only from Japanese but also from other Northeast Asian languages. Revolving around but not confined to its head-marking and polysynthetic character, Ainu manifests many typologically interesting phenomena, related in particular to the combinability of various voice markers and noun incorporation. Other interesting features of Ainu include vowel co-occurrence restrictions, a mixed system of expressing grammatical relations, which includes the elements of a rare tripartite alignment, nominal classification distinguishing common and locative nouns, elaborate possessive classes, verbal number, a rich four-term evidential system, and undergrammaticalized aspect, which are all explained in the volume. This handbook, the result of unprecedented cooperation of the leading experts of Ainu, will definitely help to increase the clarity of our understanding of Ainu and in a long-term perspective may provide answers to problems of human prehistory as well as open the field of Ainu studies to the world and attract many new students. Table of Contents Masayoshi Shibatani and Taro Kageyama Preface Masayoshi Shibatani and Taro Kageyama Introduction to the Handbook of Japanese Language and Linguistics Contributors Anna Bugaeva Introduction I Overview of Ainu studies Anna Bugaeva 1. Ainu: A head-marking language of the Pacific Rim Juha Janhunen 2. Ainu ethnic origins Tomomi Satō 3. Major old documents of Ainu and some problems in the historical study of Ainu Alfred F. Majewicz 4. Ainu language Western records José Andrés Alonso de la Fuente 5. The Ainu language through time Alexander Vovin 6. Ainu elements in early Japonic Hidetoshi Shiraishi and Itsuji Tangiku 7. Language contact in the north Hiroshi Nakagawa and Mika Fukazawa 8. Hokkaido Ainu dialects: Towards a classification of Ainu dialects Itsuji Tangiku 9. Differences between Karafuto and Hokkaido Ainu dialects Shiho Endō 10. Ainu oral literature Osami Okuda 11. Meter in Ainu oral literature Tetsuhito Ōno 12. The history and current status of the Ainu language revival movement II Typologically interesting characteristics of the Ainu language Hidetoshi Shiraishi 13. Phonetics and phonology Hiroshi Nakagawa 14. Parts of Speech – with a focus on the classification of nouns Anna Bugaeva and Miki Kobayashi 15. Verbal valency Tomomi Satō 16. Noun incorporation Hiroshi Nakagawa 17. Verbal number Yasushige Takahashi 18. Aspect and evidentiality Yoshimi Yoshikawa 19. Existential aspectual forms in the Saru and Chitose dialects of Ainu III Appendices: Sample texts Anna Bugaeva 20. An uwepeker “Retar Katak, Kunne Katak” and kamuy yukar “Amamecikappo” narrated in the Chitose Hokkaido Ainu dialect by Ito Oda Elia dal Corso 21. “Meko Oyasi”, a Sakhalin Ainu ucaskuma narrated by Haru Fujiyama Subject index |
| discipline in japanese language: Federal Communications Commission Reports United States. Federal Communications Commission, 1967 |
| discipline in japanese language: Native-Speakerism in Japan Stephanie Ann Houghton, Damian J. Rivers, 2013-02-19 The relative status of native and non-native speaker language teachers within educational institutions has long been an issue worldwide but until recently, the voices of teachers articulating their own concerns have been rare. This innovative volume explores language-based forms of prejudice against native-speaker teachers. |
| discipline in japanese language: The Guide to COIL Virtual Exchange Jon Rubin, Sarah Guth, 2023-07-03 This is the authoritative guide to implementing COIL Virtual Exchange, conceived, and co-edited by one of the originators of this innovative approach to internationalization, Jon Rubin. COIL, the acronym for Collaborative Online International Learning, is a central modality of what has come to be known as virtual exchange. Since its first iteration in 2002, it has gradually established itself as a mature pedagogy that is being increasingly implemented across the world and is validated by a growing body of research. COIL Virtual Exchange at its most essential is a bi-lateral online exchange involving the integration of existing courses across two, or sometimes more, institutions that are geographically and/or culturally distinct. To launch a COIL VE course, the instructor of a class at a higher education institution in one location links online with a professor and his or her class in another region or country. Together, their students engage and develop joint projects, usually over a continuous five to eight-week period. Compared to the limited number of students worldwide who can engage in study abroad, COIL VE potentially opens up more equitable and inclusive participation in international education and intercultural experiences to all students, involves them in rigorous disciplinary and interdisciplinary studies, and promotes close and constructive engagement with students with different cultural perspectives.While many COIL courses are launched by individual instructors, based on their research connections and online outreach, they are being increasingly supported and led by dedicated COIL Coordinators who facilitate virtual exchanges and provide professional development. This comprehensive guide covers COIL VE pedagogy, provides examples of what takes place in the COIL classroom, and explores what instructors and staff need to know to facilitate and support a variety of COIL courses across the curriculum. It addresses how institutional stakeholders, especially those in leadership positions, can develop and embed a successful COIL initiative at their institution. It offers varied perspectives of COIL viewed from different institutional and cultural vantage points -- from research universities, community and technical colleges, and university systems -- and describes how COIL VE is developing in five different world regions, presenting eleven case studies.The book concludes with a guide to thirteen global organizations that support COIL and other forms of VE. Additionally, the book provides links to the COIL Connect for Virtual Exchange website (https://coilconnect.org) which includes an updated directory of organizations, an expanding database of faculty and institutions participating in COIL and looking for partners, course templates, survey data, and case studies.This book offers faculty and administrators across the world -- whether formally involved in international education, in service-learning and community engagement, or wanting to incorporate a cross-cultural perspective in their disciplinary courses -- theoretical foundations, guidance on effective collaboration, and the strategic and pedagogical considerations to develop robust COIL VE courses and programs. |
| discipline in japanese language: Railroads and the Transformation of China Elisabeth Köll, 2019-01-14 As a vehicle to convey both the history of modern China and the complex forces still driving the nation’s economic success, rail has no equal. Railroads and the Transformation of China is the first comprehensive history, in any language, of railroad operation from the last decades of the Qing Empire to the present. China’s first fractured lines were built under semicolonial conditions by competing foreign investors. The national system that began taking shape in the 1910s suffered all the ills of the country at large: warlordism and Japanese invasion, Chinese partisan sabotage, the Great Leap Forward when lines suffered in the “battle for steel,” and the Cultural Revolution, during which Red Guards were granted free passage to “make revolution” across the country, nearly collapsing the system. Elisabeth Köll’s expansive study shows how railroads survived the rupture of the 1949 Communist revolution and became an enduring model of Chinese infrastructure expansion. The railroads persisted because they were exemplary bureaucratic institutions. Through detailed archival research and interviews, Köll builds case studies illuminating the strength of rail administration. Pragmatic management, combining central authority and local autonomy, sustained rail organizations amid shifting political and economic priorities. As Köll shows, rail provided a blueprint for the past forty years of ambitious, semipublic business development and remains an essential component of the PRC’s politically charged, technocratic economic model for China’s future. |
| discipline in japanese language: A Cultural History of Translation in Early Modern Japan Rebekah Clements, 2015-03-05 This book offers the first cultural history of translation in Japan during the Tokugawa period, 1600-1868. |
| discipline in japanese language: Incorporating Foreign Language Content in Humanities Courses Priya Ananth, Leah Tolbert Lyons, 2019-07-26 Incorporating Foreign Language Content in Humanities Courses introduces innovative ways to integrate aspects of foreign language study into courses containing humanities concepts. The edited collection offers case studies from various universities and across multiple languages. It serves as a useful guide to all foreign language faculty with any language expertise (as well as others interested in promoting foreign languages) for the adaptation and development of their own curricula. Infusing foreign language content into English-taught humanities courses helps promote languages as practical and relevant to students. It will be of interest to language educators, including teachers, teachers-in-training, teacher educators, and administrators. |
| discipline in japanese language: Yanagita Kunio and the Folklore Movement (RLE Folklore) Ronald A. Morse, 2015-02-11 Yanagita Kunio almost singlehandedly initiated the serious study of folklore in Japan. Even modern Japanese folklorists who may disagree with his approach or his methods must take his body of work as a point of departure for their own. This book, first published in 1990, puts Yanagita’s career within a historical framework and context, full of detail about Japanese political and literary trends which influenced or were influenced by the folklore scholarship of Yanagita. |
DISCIPLINE Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of DISCIPLINE is control gained by enforcing obedience or order. How to use discipline in a sentence. The Root and Meanings of Discipline Synonym Discussion of Discipline.
Discipline - Wikipedia
Discipline is the self-control that is gained by requiring that rules or orders be obeyed, and the ability to keep working at something that is difficult. [1] Disciplinarians believe that such self …
DISCIPLINE | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
DISCIPLINE definition: 1. training that makes people more willing to obey or more able to control themselves, often in the…. Learn more.
DISCIPLINE definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary
Discipline is the practice of making people obey rules or standards of behaviour, and punishing them when they do not. Order and discipline have been placed in the hands of headmasters …
Discipline - Definition, Meaning & Synonyms - Vocabulary.com
When you have discipline, you have self-control. When you discipline children, you are either teaching them to be well-behaved, or you are punishing and correcting them. The origins of …
DISCIPLINE Definition & Meaning | Dictionary.com
Discipline definition: training to act in accordance with rules; drill.. See examples of DISCIPLINE used in a sentence.
discipline noun - Definition, pictures, pronunciation and usage …
Definition of discipline noun in Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary. Meaning, pronunciation, picture, example sentences, grammar, usage notes, synonyms and more.
Discipline - definition of discipline by The Free Dictionary
1. training to act in accordance with rules; drill: military discipline. 2. activity, exercise, or a regimen that develops or improves a skill; training.
DISCIPLINE Synonyms: 181 Similar and Opposite Words - Merriam-Webster
Synonyms for DISCIPLINE: department, area, element, realm, field, domain, walk, sphere; Antonyms of DISCIPLINE: indemnity, parole, vindication, pardon, amnesty, exemption, …
Discipline that bears fruit - 7LittleWordsAnswers.com
2 days ago · Discipline that bears fruit 7 Little Words . Possible Solution: POMOLOGY. Since you already solved the clue Discipline that bears fruit which had the answer POMOLOGY, you can …
DISCIPLINE Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of DISCIPLINE is control gained by enforcing obedience or order. How to use discipline in a sentence. The Root and Meanings of Discipline Synonym Discussion of Discipline.
Discipline - Wikipedia
Discipline is the self-control that is gained by requiring that rules or orders be obeyed, and the ability to keep working at something that is difficult. [1] Disciplinarians believe that such self …
DISCIPLINE | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
DISCIPLINE definition: 1. training that makes people more willing to obey or more able to control themselves, often in the…. Learn more.
DISCIPLINE definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary
Discipline is the practice of making people obey rules or standards of behaviour, and punishing them when they do not. Order and discipline have been placed in the hands of headmasters …
Discipline - Definition, Meaning & Synonyms - Vocabulary.com
When you have discipline, you have self-control. When you discipline children, you are either teaching them to be well-behaved, or you are punishing and correcting them. The origins of …
DISCIPLINE Definition & Meaning | Dictionary.com
Discipline definition: training to act in accordance with rules; drill.. See examples of DISCIPLINE used in a sentence.
discipline noun - Definition, pictures, pronunciation and usage …
Definition of discipline noun in Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary. Meaning, pronunciation, picture, example sentences, grammar, usage notes, synonyms and more.
Discipline - definition of discipline by The Free Dictionary
1. training to act in accordance with rules; drill: military discipline. 2. activity, exercise, or a regimen that develops or improves a skill; training.
DISCIPLINE Synonyms: 181 Similar and Opposite Words - Merriam-Webster
Synonyms for DISCIPLINE: department, area, element, realm, field, domain, walk, sphere; Antonyms of DISCIPLINE: indemnity, parole, vindication, pardon, amnesty, exemption, …
Discipline that bears fruit - 7LittleWordsAnswers.com
2 days ago · Discipline that bears fruit 7 Little Words . Possible Solution: POMOLOGY. Since you already solved the clue Discipline that bears fruit which had the answer POMOLOGY, you can …
