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| do i capitalize languages: Capitalizing on Language Learners' Individuality Tammy Gregersen, Peter D. MacIntyre, 2014 This book closes the gap between theory and practice for teachers and researchers wishing to capitalize on learners' individuality in second or foreign language learning. Issues of content are targeted through a description of the variables of anxiety, beliefs, cognitive abilities, motivation, strategies, styles and willingness to communicate. |
| do i capitalize languages: The History of English Spelling Christopher Upward, George Davidson, 2011-09-15 The History of English Spelling “Fifty years ago, G. H. Vallins contributed a book on spelling to the Language Library. Since then, there have been several major surveys, and new opportunities to explore the history of English words. The time is therefore ripe for a fresh presentation, and this is what George Davidson has done, building on the huge collection of historical data amassed by Christopher Upward, and giving it narrative shape. I have been waiting for a source-book like this for a long time, and I’m delighted that it has found a place in this series.” David Crystal, Language Library series editor Few languages are riddled with as many spelling inconsistencies and irregularities as English. Why is there such dissonance between the sounds of English and the spelling used to represent them? The answer lies in the history of the language itself. The History of English Spelling reveals the rich and complex history of Modern English spelling, tracing its origins and development from Old English up to the present day. The book provides a highly detailed, letter-by-letter analysis of the Old English basis of Modern English spelling, followed by in-depth coverage of the contributions from French, Latin, Greek and the many other languages that have contributed to current orthography. Upward and Davidson also explore events in the socio-political history of England as the setting for developments in spelling, along with the works of a number of lexicographers (especially Johnson and Webster), and various proposals for spelling reform. The History of English Spelling reveals the richness of the complex and often frustrating alphabetic spelling system used in the English language. A complementary website with additional research material can be found at www.historyofenglishspelling.info |
| do i capitalize languages: Microsoft Manual of Style Microsoft Corporation, 2012-01-15 Maximize the impact and precision of your message! Now in its fourth edition, the Microsoft Manual of Style provides essential guidance to content creators, journalists, technical writers, editors, and everyone else who writes about computer technology. Direct from the Editorial Style Board at Microsoft—you get a comprehensive glossary of both general technology terms and those specific to Microsoft; clear, concise usage and style guidelines with helpful examples and alternatives; guidance on grammar, tone, and voice; and best practices for writing content for the web, optimizing for accessibility, and communicating to a worldwide audience. Fully updated and optimized for ease of use, the Microsoft Manual of Style is designed to help you communicate clearly, consistently, and accurately about technical topics—across a range of audiences and media. |
| do i capitalize languages: The Canadian Style Public Works and Government Services Canada Translation Bureau, Dundurn Press Limited, 1997-09-01 The revised edition of The Canadian Style is an indispensable language guide for editors, copywriters, students, teachers, lawyers, journalists, secretaries and business people – in fact, anyone writing in the English language in Canada today. It provides concise, up-to-date answers to a host of questions on abbreviations, hyphenation, spelling, the use of capital letters, punctuation and frequently misused or confused words. It deals with letter, memo and report formats, notes, indexes and bibliographies, and geographical names. It also gives techniques for writing clearly and concisely, editing documents and avoiding stereotyping in communications. There is even an appendix on how to present French words in an English text. |
| do i capitalize languages: Why You Need a Foreign Language & how to Learn One Edward Trimnell, 2005 The first half of this book examines the commercial, social, and political implications of American monolingualism. The second half of the book explores the techniques and tools that a working professional can use to acqure functional skills in a new language.--Back cover. |
| do i capitalize languages: MHRA Style Guide , 2008 |
| do i capitalize languages: The Round Tower Catherine Cookson, 2008 Vanessa Ratcliffe is just sixteen, daughter of one of the town's richest men. And in spite of her social standing and convent education, Vanessa's provocative manner often draws envious eyes in her direction. Angus Cotton is a rough diamond, living in filthy Ryder's Row, but as engineer at Affleck and Tate he's worth his weight in gold. Angus has ambitious plans for his future, plans that had never included Vanessa - until now... The Round Tower is a beautifully imagined story of power, love, honour and greed and an award-winning novel from one of Britain's most popular novelists. |
| do i capitalize languages: A Reminiscence of Dr. Samuel Johnson H.P. Lovecraft, 2021-01-01 A Reminiscence of Dr. Samuel Johnson is a short story written in 1917 by American horror fiction writer H. P. Lovecraft. It was first published in the September 1917 issue of the United Amateur, under the pseudonym Humphrey Littlewit, Esq. The story is a spoof of Lovecraft's antiquarian affectations. Littlewit, the narrator, is born August 20, 1690–200 years to the day before Lovecraft's birthdate—making him nearly 228 years old as he writes a memoir. Critic Daniel Harms writes, While not one of the most inspired of his pieces, it at least shows that HPL realized his pretensions... of being an older, cultured gentleman of an earlier era, and could make fun of himself. |
| do i capitalize languages: How Language Works David Crystal, 2007-11-01 Steven Pinker meets Bill Bryson in this landmark exploration of language. In the author's own words, How Language Works is not about music, cookery, or sex. But it is about how we talk about music, cookery, and sex-or, indeed, anything at all. Language is so fundamental to everyday life that we take it for granted. But as David Crystal makes clear in this work of unprecedented scope, language is an extremely powerful tool that defines the human species. Crystal offers general readers a personal tour of the intricate workings of language. He moves effortlessly from big subjects like the origins of languages, how children learn to speak, and how conversation works to subtle but revealing points such as how email differs from both speech and writing in important ways, how language reveals a person's social status, and how we decide whether a word is rude or polite. Broad and deep, but with a light and witty touch, How Language Works is the ultimate layman's guide to how we communicate with one another. |
| do i capitalize languages: Languages, Linguistics and Development Practices Deborah Hill, Felix K. Ameka, 2022-05-06 This edited book presents case-studies and reflections on the role of languages and their analytic study in development practices across four regions: Africa, Asia, Australia, and the Pacific. The authors highlight the importance of conceptual studies of languages and cultures, as well as language choice, for enhancing development practices, demonstrating the value that language analysis and the humanities can add to the already multi-disciplinary field of Development Studies. The chapters draw on the fields of linguistics, human geography, education, diverse economies, community learning, sociology, and anthropology, and topics covered include some significant areas of interest to sustainable human development: education, work, finances, age, gender; as well as a key approach to development (asset-based community development). Chapters on informal adult learning provide opportunities to explore how and why language and linguistic analysis is relevant to development projects. The volume aims to promote collaboration and interdisciplinary dialogue and should be of interest to academics, practitioners and students of language and development, and to those working in the field of development globally. |
| do i capitalize languages: AMA Manual of Style The JAMA Network Editors, 2019-11-01 The AMA Manual of Style is a must-have resource for anyone involved in medical, health, and scientific publishing. Written by an expert committee of JAMA Network editors, this latest edition addresses issues that face authors, editors, and publishers in the digital age. Extensive updates are included in the References chapter, with examples of how to cite digital publications, preprints, databases, data repositories, podcasts, apps and interactive games, and social media. Full-color examples grace the chapter on data display, with newer types of graphic presentations and updated guidance on formatting tables and figures. The manual thoroughly covers ethical and legal issues such as authorship, conflicts of interest, scientific misconduct, intellectual property, open access and public access, and corrections. The Usage chapter has been revised to bring the manual up-to-date on word choice, especially in writing about individuals with diseases or conditions and from various socioeconomic, racial/ethnic, and sexual orientation populations. Specific nomenclature entries in many disciplines are presented to guide users in issues of diction, formatting, and preferred terminology. Guidance on numbers, SI units, and math has been updated, and the section on statistics and study design has undergone a major expansion. In sum, the answer to nearly any issue facing a writer or editor in medicine, health care, and related disciplines can be found in the 11th edition of the AMA Manual of Style. Available for institutional purchase or subscription or individual subscription. Visit AMAManualofStyle.com or contact your sales rep for more details. |
| do i capitalize languages: The Magician's Curse Linda G. Hill, 2017-06-27 Even true love can be cursed ... When Herman Anderson leaves home to make a better life for herself, she doesn't expect to meet a tall, dark stranger with whom she'll fall hopelessly in love. Charming and mysterious, Stephen Dagmar is a stage magician seeking an assistant. The moment he sets eyes on Herman, he knows she's the one. He brings her home to his Victorian mansion where they embark upon an extravagant romance. Yet a shadow hangs over their love. Will the curse on his family end Stephen and Herman's happily ever after, before it really begins? Amidst lace and leather, innocence and debauchery, The Magician's Curse begins the Gothic tale of The Great Dagmaru. Magic and romance await. *Winner of the 2017 Paranormal Romance Guild's Reviewer's Choice Award for Gothic/Mythology/Folk Tales |
| do i capitalize languages: Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary Kate Woodford, Guy Jackson, 2003 The Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary is the ideal dictionary for advanced EFL/ESL learners. Easy to use and with a great CD-ROM - the perfect learner's dictionary for exam success. First published as the Cambridge International Dictionary of English, this new edition has been completely updated and redesigned. - References to over 170,000 words, phrases and examples explained in clear and natural English - All the important new words that have come into the language (e.g. dirty bomb, lairy, 9/11, clickable) - Over 200 'Common Learner Error' notes, based on the Cambridge Learner Corpus from Cambridge ESOL exams Plus, on the CD-ROM: - SMART thesaurus - lets you find all the words with the same meaning - QUICKfind - automatically looks up words while you are working on-screen - SUPERwrite - tools for advanced writing, giving help with grammar and collocation - Hear and practise all the words. |
| do i capitalize languages: The Chicago Manual of Style University of Chicago. Press, 2003 Searchable electronic version of print product with fully hyperlinked cross-references. |
| do i capitalize languages: The Cambridge Guide to Australian English Usage Pam Peters, 2007-04-26 The Cambridge Guide to Australian English Usage is an up-to-date, evidence-based account of the variable points in Australian usage and style, in alphabetical format. Its description of Australian English uses a wealth of primary sources (linguistic corpora; the internet; public surveys of usage, conducted through Australian Style) as well as the latest editions of English dictionaries, style manuals and grammars. With all this input the Cambridge Guide to Australian English Usage provides in-depth coverage of the currency of alternative usages in spelling, punctuation and word choice in Australia, while showing the influence of British and American English here as well. This book is designed for everyone who writes and edits documents and non-fiction texts, for print or electronic delivery. Tertiary students and staff will get plenty of help from it, as well as professional editors who work with manuscripts of many different authors and commissions from multiple publishers. |
| do i capitalize languages: Libertine Literature in England, 1660-1745 David Fairweather Foxon, 1965 |
| do i capitalize languages: Language Use, Education, and Professional Contexts Barbara Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk, Marcin Trojszczak, 2022-04-06 This present book addresses language and its diverse forms in an array of professional and practical contexts. Besides discussing the intricacies of specialized settings such as legal, medical, technical or corporate, the collection also focuses on the role of education in relation to professional contexts ranging from challenges in professional university teaching and translation didactics to business environment requirements. |
| do i capitalize languages: Grammar Essentials For Dummies Geraldine Woods, 2019-04-15 Grammar Essentials For Dummies (9781119589617) was previously published as Grammar Essentials For Dummies(9780470618370). While this version features a new Dummies cover and design, the content is the same as the prior release and should not be considered a new or updated product. For students competing for the decreasing pool of college scholarships, writing a stellar entrance essay can make all the difference. With discrete explanations of vital grammar rules, common usage errors, and the other key concepts people need to refer to most often, Grammar Essentials For Dummies provides crucial information to help students communicate accurately and effectively. This guide is also a perfect reference for parents who need to review critical grammar concepts as they help students with homework assignments or college entrance essays, as well as for adult learners headed back into the classroom and people learning English as a next language. The Essentials For Dummies Series Dummies is proud to present our new series, The Essentials For Dummies. Now students who are prepping for exams, preparing to study new material, or who just need a refresher can have a concise, easy-to-understand review guide that covers an entire course by concentrating solely on the most important concepts. From algebra and chemistry to grammar and Spanish, our expert authors focus on the skills students most need to succeed in a subject. |
| do i capitalize languages: MLA Handbook The Modern Language Association of America, 2021-04-22 Relied on by generations of writers, the MLA Handbook is published by the Modern Language Association and is the only official, authorized book on MLA style. The new, ninth edition builds on the MLA's unique approach to documenting sources using a template of core elements--facts, common to most sources, like author, title, and publication date--that allows writers to cite any type of work, from books, e-books, and journal articles in databases to song lyrics, online images, social media posts, dissertations, and more. With this focus on source evaluation as the cornerstone of citation, MLA style promotes the skills of information and digital literacy so crucial today. The many new and updated chapters make this edition the comprehensive, go-to resource for writers of research papers, and anyone citing sources, from business writers, technical writers, and freelance writers and editors to student writers and the teachers and librarians working with them. Intended for a variety of classroom contexts--middle school, high school, and college courses in composition, communication, literature, language arts, film, media studies, digital humanities, and related fields--the ninth edition of the MLA Handbook offers New chapters on grammar, punctuation, capitalization, spelling, numbers, italics, abbreviations, and principles of inclusive language Guidelines on setting up research papers in MLA format with updated advice on headings, lists, and title pages for group projects Revised, comprehensive, step-by-step instructions for creating a list of works cited in MLA format that are easier to learn and use than ever before A new appendix with hundreds of example works-cited-list entries by publication format, including websites, YouTube videos, interviews, and more Detailed examples of how to find publication information for a variety of sources Newly revised explanations of in-text citations, including comprehensive advice on how to cite multiple authors of a single work Detailed guidance on footnotes and endnotes Instructions on quoting, paraphrasing, summarizing, and avoiding plagiarism A sample essay in MLA format Annotated bibliography examples Numbered sections throughout for quick navigation Advanced tips for professional writers and scholars |
| do i capitalize languages: Learning in Two Languages Gary Imhoff, 1990-01-01 After being off the public agenda for a decade, the subject of bilingual education is once again at the center of public debate. Assumptions about the values of cultural pluralism and the rise of the unmeltable ethnics so dominant for the last twenty years have met a renewed public affirmation of the value of assimilation. In the United States bilingual education refers to programs that emphasize students' home languages and culture; teach academic subject matter in students' home languages; and introduce English into the curriculum at a deliberate pace. Students in such programs are generally members of immigrant groups and racial and ethnic minorities, and they usually come from lower-class economic backgrounds. Over the years, a number of different objectives have been advanced for bilingual education programs. In the 1960s and early 1970s, educators believed that these programs should be evaluated by students' linguistic proficiency and progress on standardized tests. More recently, advocates have promoted more subjective measures, such as students' enhanced sense of well-being and self-esteem. And yet others argue that the real goals of bilingual education should be social change and economic redistribution, and that programs should be evaluated by these long-range goals. The conference that gave rise to the essays in this volume was the first national symposium at which advocates and critics of bilingual education confronted each other's arguments face-to-face. These essays address the objectives by which bilingual education should be evaluated; the administrative practices by which programs are run; and the latest research findings on the effectiveness of bilingual education. Authors include Henry Trueba, Rudolph Troike, James Banks, Joshua Fishman, and Christine Rossell. Learning in Two Languages will interest educators and policy researchers, students of ethnic relations, and others concerned about the future direction of U.S. educational policies in this controversial area. |
| do i capitalize languages: Behavioral and Neurophysiological Approaches to Code-Switching and Language Switching Jeanine Treffers-Daller, Esther Ruigendijk, Julia Elisabeth Hofweber, 2021-05-03 |
| do i capitalize languages: Language Documentation and Revitalization in Latin American Contexts Gabriela Pérez Báez, Chris Rogers, Jorge Emilio Rosés Labrada, 2016-07-11 Up to now, the focus in the field of language documentation has been predominantly on North American and Australian languages. However, the greatest genetic diversity in languages is found in Latin America, home to over 100 distinct language families. This book gives the Latin American context the attention it requires by consolidating the work of field researchers experienced in the region into one volume for the first time. |
| do i capitalize languages: The Awful German Language Mark Twain, 1880-05-15 “The Awful German Language” is a humorous examination of the German language and the frustrations a native English speaker may have when learning it. The essay was published as Appendix D of “A Tramp Abroad” by Mark Twain in 1880. |
| do i capitalize languages: Oxford Universal Dictionary , 1981 |
| do i capitalize languages: Looking for The Stranger Alice Kaplan, 2016-09-16 A National Book Award-finalist biographer tells the story of how a young man in his 20s who had never written a novel turned out a masterpiece that still grips readers more than 70 years later and is considered a rite of passage for readers around the world, --NoveList. |
| do i capitalize languages: Discrimination through Language in Africa? Martin Pütz, 2014-01-06 CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE SOCIOLOGY OF LANGUAGE brings to students, researchers and practitioners in all of the social and language-related sciences carefully selected book-length publications dealing with sociolinguistic theory, methods, findings and applications. It approaches the study of language in society in its broadest sense, as a truly international and interdisciplinary field in which various approaches, theoretical and empirical, supplement and complement each other. The series invites the attention of linguists, language teachers of all interests, sociologists, political scientists, anthropologists, historians etc. to the development of the sociology of language. |
| do i capitalize languages: Teaching in Two Languages Sharon Adelman Reyes, Tatyana Kleyn, 2010-02-18 Teaching in Two Languages is a hands-on practitioner's guide to the challenges of teaching bilingually to the ever-growing population of English Language Learners (ELLs) in today's schools. This invaluable resource addresses emerging models of bilingual education such as two-way immersion and heritage language programmes, in addition to programme models that are limited to serving ELLs. Sharon Adelman Reyes and Tatyana Kleyn have organized the book around essential questions asked by practicing teachers and backed up by compelling vignettes based on actual schools and teachers across the U.S. |
| do i capitalize languages: Sociocultural Contexts of Language and Literacy Teresa L. McCarty, Lucille J. Watahomigie, Bertha Perez, To thi Dien, Mar¡a E. Torres-Guzman, 2004-05-20 Nine American academics, educational consultants, and bilingual/bicultural program development specialists contribute 12 chapters in a research- and theory-based text about learning and teaching in linguistically and culturally diverse classrooms. The second edition features updated research on multilingual and second-language literacy, and the int. |
| do i capitalize languages: Systemic Functional Language Description J.R. Martin, Y.J. Doran, Giacomo Figueredo, 2019-10-08 This volume showcases previously unpublished research on theoretical, descriptive, and methodological innovations for understanding language patterns grounded in a Systemic Functional Linguistic perspective. Featuring contributions from an international range of scholars, the book demonstrates how advances in SFL have developed to reflect the breadth of variation in language and how descriptive methodologies for language have evolved in turn. Taken together, the volume offers a comprehensive account of Systemic Functional Language description, providing a foundation for practice and further research for students and scholars in descriptive linguistics, SFL, and theoretical linguistics. |
| do i capitalize languages: Introductory English Language Julian Russo & Carson Stewart, 2019-07-09 English, as we know, has assumed a unique place in international communication. The ability to communicate effectively through English is a skill, acquired through practice backed up by knowledge of theoretical principles as well as desirable attitudes and values. It contains exercises, and will provide a basis for introduction to grammar and courses on the structure of English not only in linguistics departments but also in English language and literature departments and schools of education. This book has been designed to meet students' current and future language and communication needs. It attempts to develop their proficiency in the four language skills and knowledge of grammar and vocabulary. This book teaches students how to communicate accurately, appropriately and fluently in professional and social situations. The activity-oriented tasks ensure that the learning process is relevant and interesting. |
| do i capitalize languages: Pope and the Early Eighteenth-century Book Trade David Fairweather Foxon, 1991 Published here for the first time, David Foxon's 1975 and 1976 Lyell Lectures make a significant contribution to the study of the book trade in the first half of the century, including Alexander Pope's involvement in it. Lavishly illustrated with reproductions from Pope's published works as well as his manuscripts, the book illuminates the ways in which compositorial practices affected the transmission of the texts. McLaverty includes examples of Pope's proofs, corrected in his own hand; title pages and decorations used in his editions; plates, decorated initials, and frontpieces. |
| do i capitalize languages: Language Policy and Modernity in Southeast Asia Antonio L. Rappa, Lionel Wee Hock An, 2006-06-15 This original piece of research considers the ways in which modernity challenges and informs the language policies of various Southeast Asians nations. It combines theoretical arguments from policy studies, language policy and political theory, with quantitative figures where necessary. Succinctly and clearly written, this volume fills the research gap on the topic while bringing up to date the various political, social, and policy developments. |
| do i capitalize languages: The History of White People Nell Irvin Painter, 2011-04-18 A New York Times Bestseller This terrific new book…[explores] the ‘notion of whiteness,’ an idea as dangerous as it is seductive. —Boston Globe Telling perhaps the most important forgotten story in American history, eminent historian Nell Irvin Painter guides us through more than two thousand years of Western civilization, illuminating not only the invention of race but also the frequent praise of “whiteness” for economic, scientific, and political ends. A story filled with towering historical figures, The History of White People closes a huge gap in literature that has long focused on the non-white and forcefully reminds us that the concept of “race” is an all-too-human invention whose meaning, importance, and reality have changed as it has been driven by a long and rich history of events. |
| do i capitalize languages: Language Arts, Grade 6 Spectrum, 2006-12-11 Our proven Spectrum Language Arts grade 6 workbook features 184 pages of fundamentals in grammar and sentence structure. Recently updated to current national standards, including tips for clearer writing, proofreading activities, and combining sentences. This workbook for children ages 11 to 12 includes exercises that reinforce mechanics and punctuation to assist in developing proficiency. Language Arts skills include: *Gerunds *Colons and semicolons *Double negative *Writer's guide Our best-selling Spectrum Language Arts series features age-appropriate workbooks for Kindergarten to grade 6. Developed with the latest standards-based teaching methods that provide targeted practice in language arts fundamentals to ensure successful learning! |
| do i capitalize languages: English for Research: Usage, Style, and Grammar Adrian Wallwork, 2012-10-26 This guide is based on a study of referees' reports and letters from journal editors on the reasons why papers written by non-native researchers are rejected due to problems with English usage, style and grammar. It draws on English-related errors from around 5000 papers written by non-native authors, 500 abstracts by PhD students, and over 1000 hours of teaching researchers how to write and present research papers. English for Research: Usage, Style, and Grammar covers those areas of English usage that typically cause researchers difficulty: articles (a/an, the), uncountable nouns, tenses (e.g., simple present, simple past, present perfect), modal verbs, active vs. passive form, relative clauses, infinitive vs. -ing form, the genitive, noun strings, link words (e.g., moreover, in addition), quantifiers (e.g., each vs. every), word order, prepositions, acronyms, abbreviations, numbers and measurements, punctuation, and spelling. Due to its focus on the specific errors that repeatedly appear in papers written by non-native authors, this manual is an ideal study guide for use in universities and research institutes. The book is cross-referenced with the following titles: • English for Academic Research: Grammar Exercises • English for Academic Research: Vocabulary Exercises • English for Academic Research: Writing Exercises • English for Writing Research Papers Adrian Wallwork is the author of more than 30 English Language Teaching (ELT) and English for Academic Purposes (EAP) textbooks. He has trained several thousand PhD students and researchers from 40 countries to prepare and give presentations. Since 1984 he has been revising research manuscripts through his own proofreading and editing service. |
| do i capitalize languages: Contemporary Language Motivation Theory Ali H. Al-Hoorie, Peter D. MacIntyre, 2019-11-18 This book brings together contributions from the leaders of the language learning motivation field. The varied chapters demonstrate how Gardner’s work remains integral to a diverse range of contemporary theoretical issues underlying the psychology of language, even today, 60 years after the publication of Gardner and Lambert’s seminal 1959 paper. The chapters cover a wide selection of topics related to applied linguistics, second language acquisition, social psychology, sociology, methodology and historical issues. The book advances thinking on cutting-edge topics in these diverse areas, providing a wealth of information for both students and established scholars that show the continuing and future importance of Gardner and Lambert’s ideas. |
| do i capitalize languages: Pacific Languages in Education France Mugler, John Lynch, 1996 This collection of articles and interviews explores policy, practice and attitudes relating to the use of Pacific languages in education systems of most Pacific Island countries and territories, from pre-school to tertiary level. It records history ; it deals with current attitudes and prejudices ; and it focuses attention on perceived problems with the medium of education in many parts of the region.--Back cover |
| do i capitalize languages: Language Teaching in the Linguistic Landscape David Malinowski, Hiram H. Maxim, Sébastien Dubreil, 2021-02-04 This book builds upon the growing field of Linguistic Landscape in order to demonstrate the power of a spatialized approach to language, culture, and literacy education as it opens classrooms and cultivates new competencies. The chapters develop major themes, including re-imagining language curricula, language classrooms, and schoolscapes in dialogue with the heteroglossic discourses of the local; developing L2 learners’ symbolic, translingual competencies through engagement with situated, multimodal texts; fostering critical social awareness through language study in the linguistic landscape; expanding opportunities for situated L2 reading and writing; and cultivating language students’ capacities for engaged scholarship and research in out-of-class contexts. By exploring the pedagogical possibilities of place-based approaches to literacy development, this volume contributes to the reimagining of language education through the linguistic landscape. |
| do i capitalize languages: Computer-Assisted Language Learning: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications Management Association, Information Resources, 2019-01-04 In a diverse society, the ability to cross communication barriers is critical to the success of any individual personally, professionally, and academically. With the constant acceleration of course programs and technology, educators are continually being challenged to develop and implement creative methods for engaging English-speaking and non-English-speaking learners. Computer-Assisted Language Learning: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications is a vital reference source that examines the relationship between language education and technology and the potential for curriculum enhancements through the use of mobile technologies, flipped instruction, and language-learning software. This multi-volume book is geared toward educators, researchers, academics, linguists, and upper-level students seeking relevant research on the improvement of language education through the use of technology. |
| do i capitalize languages: Complexity Perspectives on Language, Communication and Society Àngels Massip-Bonet, Albert Bastardas-Boada, 2012-10-13 The “language-communication-society” triangle defies traditional scientific approaches. Rather, it is a phenomenon that calls for an integration of complex, transdisciplinary perspectives, if we are to make any progress in understanding how it works. The highly diverse agents in play are not merely cognitive and/or cultural, but also emotional and behavioural in their specificity. Indeed, the effort may require building a theoretical and methodological body of knowledge that can effectively convey the characteristic properties of phenomena in human terms. New complexity approaches allow us to rethink our limited and mechanistic images of human societies and create more appropriate emo-cognitive dynamic and holistic models. We have to enter into dialogue with the complexity views coming out of other more ‘material’ sciences, but we also need to take steps in the linguistic and psycho-sociological fields towards creating perspectives and concepts better fitted to human characteristics. Our understanding of complexity is different – but not opposed – to the one that is more commonly found in texts written by people working in physics or computer science, for example. The goal of this book is to extend the knowledge of these other more ‘human’ or socially oriented perspectives on complexity, taking account of the language and communication singularities of human agents in society. Our understanding of complexity is different – but not opposed – to the one that is more commonly found in texts written by people working in physics or computer science, for example. The goal of this book is to extend the knowledge of these other more ‘human’ or socially oriented perspectives on complexity, taking account of the language and communication singularities of human agents in society. |
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