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| doctor of marriage and family therapy dmft salary: Basics of California Law for LMFTs, LPCCs, and LCSWs Benjamin E. Caldwell, 2015-01-01 This text makes an excellent resource for students, interns, and licensed clinicians seeking an easy reference for important aspects of California law. |
| doctor of marriage and family therapy dmft salary: Thinking Qualitatively Johnny Saldana, 2014-09-03 Written in Johnny Saldaña′s elegant and accessible style, Thinking Qualitatively: Methods of Mind boldly pursues the challenge of teaching students not just how to collect and analyze data, but how to actively think about them. Each chapter presents one method of mind (thinking analytically, realistically, symbolically, ethically, multidisciplinarily, artistically, summarily, interpretively, and narratively), together with applications, a vignette or story related to the thinking modality, points to remember, and exercises. Designed to help researchers rise above the data, the book explores how qualitative research designs, data collection, data analyses, and write-ups can be enriched through over 60 different lenses, filters, and angles on social life. Venturing into more evocative and multidimensional ways to examine the complex patterns of daily living, the book reveals how the researcher′s mind thinks heuristically to transcend the descriptive and develop highdeep insights about the human condition. |
| doctor of marriage and family therapy dmft salary: Work Stress and Health in a Globalized Economy Johannes Siegrist, Morten Wahrendorf, 2016-07-06 This book provides a comprehensive, updated summary of research evidence on the effects of stressful working and employment conditions on workers’ health, as based on one of the worldwide leading theoretical models, effort-reward imbalance. It offers three innovative features that are appealing for research as well as for policy. Firstly, it presents and discusses comparable research findings from different continents, in particular from Japan, China, and Latin America. Secondly, it extends the conceptual framework of research on this topic by analysing associations of work stress with health in a life course perspective, and by linking these associations to the macro-level of national labour and social policies. Thirdly, the book helps to strengthen programs and policies that aim at promoting healthy work locally, nationally, and internationally, by providing solid facts on which such programs can be based. |
| doctor of marriage and family therapy dmft salary: Saving Psychotherapy Benjamin E. Caldwell, 2015-09-22 It is a troubling time to be a therapist. Despite decades of powerful evidence that psychotherapy works, and tremendous advances in both policy and technology making therapy available to more of those who need it, the number of people actually going to therapy is flat or even declining. While training to be a therapist continues to get more expensive, therapists' salaries aren't even keeping up with inflation.Saving Psychotherapy addresses some of the troubling realities behind these truths. There is strong data to suggest:- The field avoids claiming meaningful values, leaving clients uncertain about the kind of guidance and support - if any - they will receive- The modern training process for therapists rewards wealth much more than merit- Many therapists express an open hostility to science and knowledge, even when it supports our work- There is little accountability for therapists to ever prove that they know what they're doing- Therapists are generally uninvolved in public debate, freely giving up their roles as society's experts on mental health and positive changePsychotherapy deserves a brighter future than the one we're on track for. And the first step toward getting that brighter future is for individual therapists at all career levels to take personal responsibility for it. In this data-driven, unflinching, and relentlessly optimistic look at the state of psychotherapy today, you will learn simple steps any therapist can take to make your practice more reputable and successful -- while improving the health and reputation of the entire field. |
| doctor of marriage and family therapy dmft salary: Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 8) Donald A. P. Bundy, Nilanthi de Silva, Susan Horton, Dean T. Jamison, 2017-11-20 More children born today will survive to adulthood than at any time in history. It is now time to emphasize health and development in middle childhood and adolescence--developmental phases that are critical to health in adulthood and the next generation. Child and Adolescent Health and Development explores the benefits that accrue from sustained and targeted interventions across the first two decades of life. The volume outlines the investment case for effective, costed, and scalable interventions for low-resource settings, emphasizing the cross-sectoral role of education. This evidence base can guide policy makers in prioritizing actions to promote survival, health, cognition, and physical growth throughout childhood and adolescence. |
| doctor of marriage and family therapy dmft salary: The Kingdom of Tonga Health System Review Who Regional Office for the Western Pacific, 2015-09-28 The Health Systems in Transition (HiT) profiles are country-based reports that provide a detailed description of a health system and of reform and policy initiatives in progress or under development in a specific country. Each profile is produced by country experts in collaboration with an international editor. In order to facilitate comparisons between countries, the profiles are based on a common template used by the Asia Pacific and European Observatories on Health Systems and Policies. The template provides detailed guidelines and specific questions, definitions and examples needed to compile a profile. |
| doctor of marriage and family therapy dmft salary: A Textbook of Public Health Dentistry CM Marya, 2011-03-14 |
| doctor of marriage and family therapy dmft salary: Singapore's Health Care System K. E. T. Al SATKU, 2015-11-13 How did Singapore's health care system transform itself into one of the best in the world? It not only provides easy access, but its standards of health care, not only in curative medicine but also in prevention, are exemplary. Fifty years ago, the infant mortality rate (IMR) was 26 per thousand live births; today the IMR is 2. Life expectancy was 64 years then; today, it is 83. The Singapore Medicine brand is trusted internationally, and patients are drawn to Singapore from all over the world. And while many countries struggle to finance their health care, Singapore has developed a health care financing framework that makes health care affordable for its people and gives sustainability to the health care system. Reliability is provided by a professional workforce that seeks to continually learn, improve and become ever more proficient with cutting edge technology while emphasizing the relational aspects of health care by nurturing compassion and maintaining high standards of integrity. Convenience and safety are enhanced by a unifying IT system that enables the portability of medical records across health care institutions. All these have been achieved not by chance but by careful planning, strong leadership and dedicated people who are prepared to learn from Singapore's own experience while adapting best practices from around the world. But the system is not without challenges -- not least those of an aging population, and an increasing market influence. This book provides a fascinating insight into the development of Singapore's health care system from the early days of fighting infections and providing nutrition supplementation for school children, to today's management of lifestyle diseases and high-end tertiary care. It also discusses how the system must adapt to help Singaporeans continue to live well, live long, and with peace of mind.-- |
| doctor of marriage and family therapy dmft salary: Preparing for the 2021 California MFT Law and Ethics Exam Benjamin Caldwell, 2020-12-21 This study guide prepares you quickly and efficiently to tackle the 2021 California Marriage and Family Therapist Law & Ethics Exam. It includes a study guide built around the specific knowledge statements the Board of Behavioral Sciences (BBS) uses to craft the test, so you know that key material will be covered. It includes a full-length practice exam (75 questions) with complete rationales, additional practice questions, and test-taking strategies.This 2021 edition includes 20 practice questions new to this edition, and has been updated to be consistent with new laws governing the practice of the MFT profession. It also newly features subscale scoring on the practice test, so that you can see which areas you're performing well in, and which areas need further review. Using this guide, you can enter your exam confident and ready. |
| doctor of marriage and family therapy dmft salary: Social Determinants of Health in Non-communicable Diseases Katsunori Kondo, 2021-11-04 This book is open access under a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 license. This open access book is the first compilation that reviews a wide range of social determinants of health (SDHs) for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and healthy ageing in Japan. With the highest life expectancy and the largest elderly population in the world, Japan has witnessed health inequality by region and social class becoming more prevalent since the 2000s. The first half of this volume describes in detail major NCDs, such as cancers, heart and kidney diseases, diabetes, stroke, and metabolic syndrome. The second half, on the other hand, explores various SDHs relating to healthy ageing. All chapters review and focus on SDHs, particularly health inequality associated with socio-economic status and social capital, which are widely addressed in the field of social epidemiology. The book makes the argument that “Health for All” advocated by the WHO should be implemented based on social justice and benefits for the greater society. Public health researchers and policymakers, both in Japan and other nations, will gain scientific evidence from this book to prepare for the coming era as ageing becomes a global issue. |
| doctor of marriage and family therapy dmft salary: Treatment Services for Drug Dependent Women , 1981 |
| doctor of marriage and family therapy dmft salary: Handbook of Pediatric Dentistry Angus C. Cameron, Richard P. Widmer, 2013-07-10 Established as the foremost available comprehensive handbook on paediatric dentistry Prepared in an ‘easy-to-digest’ fashion – which allows for quick reference and easy reading Contains over 550 full colour line artworks, photographs and tables together with ‘Clinical Hints’ boxes to act as useful aide-mémoires Sets out the essentials for managing conditions such as clefting disorders, haematological and endocrine disorders, congenital cardiac disease, disorders of metabolism, organ transplantation and cancer in children as well as more familiar presentations such as dental trauma, oral infections and caries Detailed appendices provide the reader with information that is often difficult to find and which may be overlooked Designed specifically to give all practitioners confidence when managing children Convenient handbook size ensures that the book can be easily referred to in the clinical setting Endorsed by the Australasian Academy of Paediatric Dentistry ~ Improved layout with completely new colour illustrations Expanded section on sedation Includes details from the most recent international guidelines Cases expanded to show 20 year follow-up New chapter on clinical and surgical techniques New chapter on the care of children with special needs Major revisions of chapters on behaviour management, restorative dentistry, management of cleft lip and palate Increased section on radiographic pathology in children |
| doctor of marriage and family therapy dmft salary: Mastering Industrial-Organizational Psychology Elizabeth Shoenfelt, 2020 This volume brings together faculty from top-ranked I-O master's programs to provide best practices and discussions of important topics for the training of master's level I-O psychologists, including areas of career practice, applying to graduate school, applied experiences needed to prepare graduates for the workplace, methods of teaching and considerations for faculty in I-O master's programs, and consulting in organizations as a component of graduate education. |
| doctor of marriage and family therapy dmft salary: Voices of Color Mudita Rastogi, Elizabeth Wieling, 2005 Using real cases, narratives, and biographical material, this text examines issues related to the mental health intersect with race and ethnicity. It draws on the experiences of ethnic minority therapists. |
| doctor of marriage and family therapy dmft salary: The Complete Guide to Graduate School Admission Patricia Keith-Spiegel, Michael W. Wiederman, 2000-03-01 Should I go to graduate school? How do I choose where to apply? Are my grades and accomplishments good enough to get in? Who should I ask to write recommendation letters for me, and how should I approach these people? How do I write my personal statement? When will I hear my fate, and how should I make my final decision? These are just a few of the many questions to which this well-researched, thorough, and extremely user-friendly book offers answers. Students who are contemplating graduate training in psychology, counseling, and related fields are often apprehensive and confused about applying to graduate school, but this book takes the guesswork and anxiety out of the process. The tone and features (such as the Q&A format, timeline for application-related tasks and activities, and special advice for special populations) that made the first edition so successful, eliciting hundreds of thank-you notes and e-mail messages to the author, are just as evident in this new edition. The book has been thoroughly updated to include coverage of new topics such as use of the internet and e-mail, as well as changing trends in the professions. The most obvious difference is that the book is now significantly shorter as a result of meticulous rewriting, making it even easier to use. There have been attempts since the publication of the first edition to copy the format of this book, but none of the others have successfully duplicated the depth of research-based advice and the supportive style that make this book the guide of choice for thousands of graduate-school bound students and their advisors. |
| doctor of marriage and family therapy dmft salary: Graduate Study in Psychology 2016 American Psychological Association, 2015-08 Graduate Study in Psychology is the best source of information related to graduate programs in psychology and provides information related to more than 600 graduate programs in psychology in the U.S. and Canada. Graduate Study in Psychology contains information about number of applications received by a program number of individuals accepted in each program dates for applications and admission types of information required for an application (GRE scores, letters of recommendation, documentation concerning volunteer or clinical experience, etc.) in-state and out-of-state tuition costs availability of internships and scholarships employment information of graduates orientation and emphasis of departments and programs plus other relevant information. |
| doctor of marriage and family therapy dmft salary: Contemporary Issues in Teaching and Learning Peter Woods, 1996 This Open University reader brings together contributions from such established names as Robin Alexander and Mary-Jane Drummond, who examine the changes to teaching and learning in the wake of the 1988 Education Reform Act. |
| doctor of marriage and family therapy dmft salary: Out of Harm's Way Richard J. Gelles, 2017 Despite efforts to create, revise, reform, and establish an effective child welfare system in the United States, the system continues to fail to ensure the safety and wellbeing of maltreated children. Out of Harm's Way presents four specific changes that would lead to a more effective system-- |
| doctor of marriage and family therapy dmft salary: Arts Based Research Tom Barone, Elliot W. Eisner, 2011-03-28 Designed to be used as both a class text and a resource for researchers and practitioners, Arts Based Research provides a framework for those who seek to broaden the domain of qualitative inquiry in the social sciences by incorporating the arts as forms that represent human knowing. |
| doctor of marriage and family therapy dmft salary: Perspectives on Adult Learning E. Michael Brady, 1986 |
| doctor of marriage and family therapy dmft salary: Supply Chain Metrics that Matter Lora M. Cecere, 2014-12-22 How to Conquer the Effective Frontier and Drive Improved Value in Global Operations Growth has slowed. Volatility has increased and the world is more global. Brands are defined by innovation and services. Supply chain excellence matters more than ever. It makes a difference in corporate performance. One cannot snap their fingers and deliver supply chain success. It happens over the course of many years. It is measured in inches not miles. In this book, the author evaluates the progress of over a hundred companies over the period of 2006-2013. Success drives value. The effective supply chain makes a difference in winning a war, saving a patient, and driving commerce; but it also makes a difference in a community having clean air, potable water, and a standard of living. Mistakes are hard to overcome. Supply Chain Metrics that Matter tells this story. The book links corporate financials to supply chain maturity. In the book, the author analyzes which metrics matter. The author Lora M. Cecere is a supply chain researcher as well as an authority in supply chain technology. She helps companies gain first mover advantage. In the book, Cecere provides concrete, actionable steps to align and balance the supply chain to drive value. The book explores the crossover between supply chain efficiency and financial growth with topics such as: Outlining the metrics that matter, the metrics that don't Progress in industry sub-segment in improving inventory, cash, productivity and margin The management techniques that improve performance Sharing insights on how metrics change as the supply chain matures The roadmap to improve performance. Today, supply chains are global and dynamic. They are rapidly evolving. Companies that constantly seek out new solutions and opportunities for improvement drive differentiation. In a market where growth is stalled and many companies are stuck in driving supply chain performance, this book provides a clear, concise framework for a more modern, effective supply chain. |
| doctor of marriage and family therapy dmft salary: Family Therapy Education and Supervision Fred P. Piercy, 1986 Leading educators and supervisors provide vital insights and guidelines for the training and supervision of family clinicians. |
| doctor of marriage and family therapy dmft salary: Psychological Research Methods and Statistics Andrew M. Colman, 1995 Pyschological Research Methods and Statistics focuses on the methods by which empirical research in Psychology is carried out and the findings analysed and interpreted. This concise, readable text covers topics such as: experimental control and causes of behaviour; interpretability; analysis of covariance; descriptive statistics; inferential statistics; quasi-experimental procedures; correlational approaches; survey methods; naturalistic observation; case-studies. |
| doctor of marriage and family therapy dmft salary: Conscience and Conflict Eoin O'Brien, 1983 |
| doctor of marriage and family therapy dmft salary: Play Therapy Techniques Charles E. Schaefer, Donna M. Cangelosi, 2002 The second edition of Play Therapy Techniques includes seven new chapters in addition to the original twenty-four. These lively chapters expand the comprehensive scope of the book by describing issues involved in beginning and ending therapy, using metaphors, playing music and ball, and applying the renowned Color Your Life technique. The extensive selection of play techniques described in this book will add to the clinical repertoire of students and practitioners of child therapy and counseling. When used in combination with formal education and clinical supervision, Play Therapy Techniques, Second Edition, can be especially useful for developing treatment plans to address the specific needs of various clinical populations. Students and practitioners of child therapy and counseling, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, nurses, and child life specialists will find this second of Play Therapy Techniques informative and clinically useful. |
| doctor of marriage and family therapy dmft salary: Oral Health-related Quality of Life Marita Rohr Inglehart, Robert Bagramian, 2002 ABSTRACT: Helping patients achieve an optimal quality of life through patient-centered treatment planning should be the ultimate goal of all oral health care providers. However, this issue extends beyond the realm of the individual clinician's office. This text presents quality-of-life research from various fields, including psychology, public health, and general health care; discusses how a patient-centered approach can be applied to basic oral and craniofacial research, clinical dental practice, community dental health issues, and dental education; and addresses how oral health-related quality of life relates to treating and understanding different patient populations, such as children with special needs, medically compromised patients, patients with oral cancer, and patients with chronic facial pain. Also discussed is how factors such as race/ethnicity, gender, and age can affect oral health-related quality-of-life concerns and treatment strategies. Finally, the book offers an outlook on the role that oral health-related quality of life will play in future research and dental education. |
| doctor of marriage and family therapy dmft salary: Family Therapy , 2010 |
| doctor of marriage and family therapy dmft salary: CGS Task Force Report on the Professional Doctorate , 2007 |
| doctor of marriage and family therapy dmft salary: Cocaine, 1977 Robert C. Petersen, 1977 |
| doctor of marriage and family therapy dmft salary: Aswb Masters Study Guide Aswb Master Exam Prep Team, 2017-01-25 ASWB Masters Study Guide: Exam Prep & Practice Test Questions for the Association of Social Work Boards Masters Exam Developed for test takers trying to achieve a passing score on the ASWB Masters exam, this comprehensive study guide includes: -Quick Overview -Test-Taking Strategies -Introduction to the ASWB Masters Exam -Human Development, Diversity, and Behavior in the Environment -Assessment and Intervention Planning -Direct and Indirect Practice -Professional Relationships in Social Work -Practice Questions -Detailed Answer Explanations Each section of the test has a comprehensive review that goes into detail to cover all of the content likely to appear on the ASWB Masters exam. The practice test questions are each followed by detailed answer explanations. If you miss a question, it's important that you are able to understand the nature of your mistake and how to avoid making it again in the future. The answer explanations will help you to learn from your mistakes and overcome them. Understanding the latest test-taking strategies is essential to preparing you for what you will expect on the exam. A test taker has to not only understand the material that is being covered on the test, but also must be familiar with the strategies that are necessary to properly utilize the time provided and get through the test without making any avoidable errors. Anyone planning to take the ASWB Masters exam should take advantage of the review material, practice test questions, and test-taking strategies contained in this study guide. |
| doctor of marriage and family therapy dmft salary: Children's Health and the Environment in Europe D. Dalbokova, Michał Krzyżanowski, S. Lloyd, 2007 This report summarizes the information gathered by the European environment and health information system (EHIS). The report gives an overview of the establishment of the system and the outcomes of the methodological work. It provides information on the scientific basis, framework and scope of the system, and presents plans for future action. The use of the system is highlighted by presenting its main product : an indicator-based assessment of children's health and the environment in the WHO European Region in the context of the Children's Environment and Health Action Plan for Europe. |
| doctor of marriage and family therapy dmft salary: 150 Best Jobs for a Secure Future Laurence Shatkin, 2012 Laurence Shatkin, Ph.D., is one of America's leading occupational experts and appears regularly on national news programs and in major print publications to share his expertise about trends in the world of work. He is a Senior Product Developer at JIST Publishing, has 30 years of experience in the career information field, and is an award-winning career information systems developer. |
| doctor of marriage and family therapy dmft salary: Serving the Unserved Zia Mutaher, 2004 |
| doctor of marriage and family therapy dmft salary: 2nd Edition of Health Emergency and Disaster Risk Management (Health-EDRM) Emily Ying Yang Chan, Holly Ching Yu Lam, 2021-10-25 Disasters such as earthquakes, cyclones, floods, heat waves, nuclear accidents, and large-scale pollution incidents take lives and incur major health problems. The majority of large-scale disasters affect the most vulnerable populations, which often comprise extreme ages, remote living areas, and endemic poverty, as well as people with low literacy. Health emergency and disaster risk management (Health-EDRM) refers to the systematic analysis and management of health risks surrounding emergencies and disasters, and plays an important role in reducing the hazards and vulnerability along with extending preparedness, responses, and recovery measures. This concept encompasses risk analyses and interventions, such as accessible early warning systems, the timely deployment of relief workers, and the provision of suitable drugs and medical equipment to decrease the impact of disasters on people before, during, and after an event (or events). Currently, there is a major gap in the scientific literature regarding Health-EDRM to facilitate major global policies and initiatives for disaster risk reduction worldwide. |
| doctor of marriage and family therapy dmft salary: Social Media and the 2008 U. S. Presidential Election Emily Metzgar, Albert Maruggi, 2009-10 The 2008 U.S. presidential campaign offered a unique opportunity to evaluate the usefulness and applicability of social media technology in the American political environment. This study's assessment of the role that social media played during the 2008 U.S. presidential campaign confirms some widely held tenets of conventional wisdom about social media, but it also indicates that the role of social media as the new sine qua non of American politics is far from certain. |
为什么英语中，医生叫doctor，博士也叫doctor？ - 知乎
1、doctor的本意是“讲授者”。过去几乎所有的自然学科和人文学科都叫philosophy，所以学问最高者被称为doctor of philosophy，这bai也是博士Ph.D的来历。但是医学不属于刚才说 …
Prof. Dr. 与 Prof.有什么区别？ - 知乎
Dr.是doctor的简写，即博士（最高学位。且必须是取得该头衔后才能称呼。在读博士是 Doctoral Candidate）。 by the way：博士后不是学位的一种，只是在某处工作的博士的类职称而已。 …
为什么博士叫PhD？ - 知乎
博士（Doctor）学位意味着能独立完成研究任务。 （科学网-博士究竟和硕士有何不同——重申陈式兔子定理-陈安的博文） 如那张图和许多人所说，博士能够创造新的知识。 许多人没有博士 …
请问MD PhD PharmD 等等这些，各代表哪种医学学历? - 知乎
DO Doctor of Osteopathic 也是医学博士，美国开设医学院校中有部分是DO院校，比MD多学习一些正骨医学，鄙视链低于上面。 MBBS Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery我国（ …
研究生，硕士，博士，phd等这些学历分别是什么？ - 知乎
博士拿的是博士学位，硕士拿的是硕士学位。博士还可以分为PhD、DBA、DD等，国外分的正式一点，国内目前图一乐。“博士”或者“Doctor”这个头衔一般授予拥有博士学位的人。 所以每次有 …
为什么说一天一个苹果不生病，an apple a day, keep doctor away?
"An apple a day keeps the doctor away" 一天一个苹果，医生离你远 这句谚语出现在1913年杂志封面上 19世纪，疾病的治疗效果没有并没有现在好，对疾病的了解还停留在表面，当时普通人 …
有哪些下载ed2k的软件？ - 知乎
都是一些无良的推荐，上面问可以下载ed2k的软件，你们回答问题之前都试了吗？推荐 BitComet 比特彗星、 Motrix 、qBittorrent、uTorrent、BitComet，文件蜈蚣
求《神秘博士》的官方观看顺序！？ - 知乎
我看完了第二季，rose和doctor分开了。所以我接下来得看剧场版,特别篇，还是什么？同时，能跟我解释下那…
请问专业博士和学术博士有什么区别？对以后的工作有什么影响？
专业/授课博士，英语名称professional/ taught doctorate，最后学位是doctor of+具体专业。 学术/哲学博士，英语名称research doctorate/doctor of philosophy，最后学位是doctor of …
“工学硕士”和“工程硕士”分别该如何翻译？ - 知乎
A Master of Science in Engineering can require completion of a thesis and qualifies the holder to apply for a program leading to a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in engineering. A Master of …
为什么英语中，医生叫doctor，博士也叫doctor？ - 知乎
1、doctor的本意是“讲授者”。过去几乎所有的自然学科和人文学科都叫philosophy，所以学问最高者被称为doctor of philosophy，这bai也是博士Ph.D的来 …
Prof. Dr. 与 Prof.有什么区别？ - 知乎
Dr.是doctor的简写，即博士（最高学位。且必须是取得该头衔后才能称呼。在读博士是 Doctoral Candidate）。 by the way：博士后不是学位的一种，只是在某处工作的 …
为什么博士叫PhD？ - 知乎
博士（Doctor）学位意味着能独立完成研究任务。 （科学网-博士究竟和硕士有何不同——重申陈式兔子定理-陈安的博文） 如那张图和许多人所说，博士能够创造新的知识。 …
请问MD PhD PharmD 等等这些，各代表哪种医学学历? - 知乎
DO Doctor of Osteopathic 也是医学博士，美国开设医学院校中有部分是DO院校，比MD多学习一些正骨医学，鄙视链低于上面。 MBBS Bachelor of Medicine and …
研究生，硕士，博士，phd等这些学历分别是什么？ - 知乎
博士拿的是博士学位，硕士拿的是硕士学位。博士还可以分为PhD、DBA、DD等，国外分的正式一点，国内目前图一乐。“博士”或者“Doctor”这个头衔一般授予拥有博士学位 …
