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| does canada have a language: Speaking Canadian English Mark M. Orkin, 2015-06-26 What do English-speaking Canadians sound like and why? Can you tell the difference between a Canadian and an American? A Canadian and an Englishman? If so, how? Linguistically speaking is Canada a colony of Britain or a satellite of the United States? Is there a Canadian language? Speaking Canadian English, first published in 1971, in a non-technical way, describes English as it is spoken in Canada – its vocabulary, pronunciation, syntax, grammar, spelling, slang. This title comments on the history of Canadian English – how it came to sound the way it does – and attempts to predict what will happen to it in the future. This book will be of interest to students of linguistics. |
| does canada have a language: Multiculturalism Within a Bilingual Framework Eve Haque, 2012-01-01 From the time of its inception in Canada, multiculturalism has generated varied reactions, none more starkly than between French and English Canadians. In this groundbreaking new work, Eve Haque examines the Government of Canada's attempt to forge a national policy of unity based on 'multiculturalism within a bilingual framework, ' a formulation that emerged out of the Royal Commission on Bilingualism and Biculturalism (1963-70). Uncovering how the policies of bilingualism and multiculturalism are inextricably linked, Haque investigates the ways in which they operate together as part of our contemporary national narrative to favour the language and culture of Canada's two 'founding nations' at the expense of other groups. Haque uses previously overlooked archival material, including transcripts of royal commission hearings, memos, and reports, to reveal the conflicts underlying the emergence of this ostensibly seamless policy. By integrating two important areas of scholarly concern -- the evolution and articulation of language rights in Canada, and the history of multiculturalism in the country, Haque provides powerful insight into ongoing asymmetries between Canada's various cultural and linguistic groups.--Publisher's website. |
| does canada have a language: Language Rights in Canada Michel Bastarache, 1987 |
| does canada have a language: The China Challenge Huhua Cao, Vivienne Poy, 2011-05-28 With the exception of Canada’s relationship with the United States, Canada’s relationship with China will likely be its most significant foreign connection in the twenty-first century. As China’s role in world politics becomes more central, understanding China becomes essential for Canadian policymakers and policy analysts in a variety of areas. Responding to this need, The China Challenge brings together perspectives from both Chinese and Canadian experts on the evolving Sino-Canadian relationship. It traces the history and looks into the future of Canada-China bilateral relations. It also examines how China has affected a number of Canadian foreign and domestic policy issues, including education, economics, immigration, labour and language. Recently, Canada-China relations have suffered from inadequate policymaking and misunderstandings on the part of both governments. Establishing a good dialogue with China must be a Canadian priority in order to build and maintain mutually beneficial relations with this emerging power, which will last into the future. |
| does canada have a language: Langues Officielles Dans L'enseignement Canada. Department of the Secretary of State, 1987* |
| does canada have a language: Language and Politics in the United States and Canada Thomas K. Ricento, Barbara Burnaby, 1998-05 Explores parallel and divergent developments in language policy and language rights in the U.S. and Canada, especially the past 4 decades, as a basis for reflection on what can be learned from one country's experience by the other. |
| does canada have a language: The English Language in Canada Charles Boberg, 2010-08-26 The English Language in Canada examines the current status, history and principal features of Canadian English, focusing on the 'standard' variety heard across the country today. The discussion of the status of Canadian English considers the number and distribution of its speakers, its relation to French and other Canadian languages and to American English, its status as the expressive medium of English Canadian culture and its treatment in previous research. The review of its history concentrates on the historical roots and patterns of English-speaking settlement that established Canadian English and influenced its character in each region of Canada. The analysis of its principal features compares the vocabulary, pronunciation and grammar of Canadian English to standard British and American English. Subsequent chapters examine variation and change in the vocabulary and pronunciation of Canadian English, while a final chapter briefly considers the future of Canadian English. |
| does canada have a language: Language in Canada John Edwards, 1998-07-09 Language in Canada provides an up-to-date account of the linguistic and cultural situation in Canada, primarily from a sociolinguistic perspective. The strong central theme connecting language with group and identity will offer insights into the current linguistic and cultural tension in Canada. The book provides comprehensive accounts of the original 'charter' languages, French and English, as well as the aboriginal and immigrant varieties which now contribute to the overall picture. It explains how they came into contact - and sometimes into conflict - and looks at the many ways in which they weave themselves through and around the Canadian social fabric. The public policy issues, particularly official bilingualism and educational policy and language, are also given extensive coverage. Non-specialists as well as linguists will find in this volume, a companion to Language in Australia, Language in the USA and Language in the British Isles, an indispensable guide and reference to the linguistic heritage of Canada. |
| does canada have a language: Trilingualism in Family, School, and Community Charlotte Hoffmann, Jehannes Ytsma, 2004 Countries in Africa, America, Asia and Europe provide the sociolinguistic contexts described in this volume. They involve settings where three or more languages are spoken and where speakers are trilingual. With the focus on family, school and the wider community, the book illustrates personal, social, cultural and political factors contributing to the acquisition and maintenance of trilingualism and highlights a rich pattern of trilingual language use. |
| does canada have a language: Dual Language Education Kathryn J. Lindholm-Leary, 2001-01-01 Dual language education is a program that combines language minority and language majority students for instruction through two languages. This book provides the conceptual background for the program and discusses major implementation issues. Research findings summarize language proficiency and achievement outcomes from 8000 students at 20 schools, along with teacher and parent attitudes. |
| does canada have a language: Offical Language Policies at the Federal Level in Canada: Costs and Benefits in 2006 , |
| does canada have a language: The Practice of Language Rights in Canada C. Michael MacMillan, 1998-01-01 On what grounds should language rights be accorded in Canada, and to whom? This is the central question that is addressed in C. Michael MacMillan's book The Practice of Language Rights in Canada. The issue of language rights in Canada is one that is highly debated and discussed, partly because the basic underlying principles have been a neglected dimension in the debate. MacMillan examines the normative basis of language rights in Canadian public policy and public opinion. He argues that language rights policy should be founded upon the theoretical literature of human rights. Drawing on the philosophy behind human rights, the arguments for recognizing a right to language are considered, as well as the matter of whether such rights possess the essential features of established rights. Another model that is examined is the idea that rights are a reflection of the established values, attitudes, and practices of society. This analysis reveals that there is a significant gap between what a political theory of language rights would endorse and what garners support in public opinion. MacMillan also scrutinizes the federal and provincial contexts in the development of a language rights framework. From these explorations, a case is developed for a recognition of language rights that is consistent with the logic of human rights and that corresponds roughly with developing Canadian practice. The Practice of Language Rights in Canada is a unique contribution to the current literature not only because it conceives of language rights as a human right but also because it frames the whole debate about language rights in Canada as a question of values and entitlements. |
| does canada have a language: English as a Global Language David Crystal, 2012-03-29 Written in a detailed and fascinating manner, this book is ideal for general readers interested in the English language. |
| does canada have a language: Learn to Drive Smart ICBC, Whether you are new to British Columbia, taking a re-examination, or brushing up on your driving skills, the Learn to Drive Smart guide gives you the basic information to help you drive safely. The guide will also help you prepare for the knowledge test, and Class 7 and Class 5 road tests. * Google Play may require a credit card to activate your account. ICBC does not collect your credit card information and the driving guides are free. Please see Google Play Terms of Service for more information. |
| does canada have a language: The Rise of English Rosemary C. Salomone, 2022 A sweeping account of the global rise of English and the high-stakes politics of languageSpoken by a quarter of the world's population, English is today's lingua franca- - its common tongue. The language of business, popular media, and international politics, English has become commodified for its economic value and increasingly detached from any particular nation. This meteoric riseof English has many obvious benefits to communication. Tourists can travel abroad with greater ease. Political leaders can directly engage their counterparts. Researchers can collaborate with foreign colleagues. Business interests can flourish in the global economy.But the rise of English has very real downsides as well. In Europe, imperatives of political integration and job mobility compete with pride in national language and heritage. In the United States and England, English isolates us from the cultural and economic benefits of speaking other languages.And in countries like India, South Africa, Morocco, and Rwanda, it has stratified society along lines of English proficiency.In The Rise of English, Rosemary Salomone offers a commanding view of the unprecedented spread of English and the far-reaching effects it has on global and local politics, economics, media, education, and business. From the inner workings of the European Union to linguistic battles over influence inAfrica, Salomone draws on a wealth of research to tell the complex story of English - and, ultimately, to argue for English not as a force for domination but as a core component of multilingualism and the transcendence of linguistic and cultural borders. |
| does canada have a language: Sorry, I Don't Speak French Graham Fraser, 2007-03-13 As the threat of another Quebec referendum on independence looms, this book becomes important for every Canadian — especially as language remains both a barrier and a bridge in our divided country Canada’s language policy is the only connection between two largely unilingual societies — English-speaking Canada and French-speaking Quebec. The country’s success in staying together depends on making it work. How well is it working? Graham Fraser, an English-speaking Canadian who became bilingual, decided to take a clear-eyed look at the situation. The results are startling — a blend of good news and bad. The Official Languages Act was passed with the support of every party in the House way back in 1969 — yet Canada’s language policy is still a controversial, red-hot topic; jobs, ideals, and ultimately the country are at stake. And the myth that the whole thing was always a plot to get francophones top jobs continues to live. Graham Fraser looks at the intentions, the hopes, the fears, the record, the myths, and the unexpected reality of a country that is still grappling with the language challenge that has shaped its history. He finds a paradox: after letting Quebec lawyers run the country for three decades, Canadians keep hoping the next generation will be bilingual — but forty years after learning that the country faced a language crisis, Canada’s universities still treat French as a foreign language. He describes the impact of language on politics and government (not to mention social life in Montreal and Ottawa) in a hard-hitting book that will be discussed everywhere, including the headlines in both languages. |
| does canada have a language: Language Issues in Canada Martin Howard, 2021-03-04 This volume attempts to illuminate Canada’s linguistic diversity by bringing together within one single volume a range of innovative studies which explore Canadian language issues across the political, legislative, social, educational and linguistic horizons. The ten chapters within the volume constitute a mixture of overview survey articles on a particular theme, as well as analyses based on large-scale empirical studies, presenting both qualitative and quantitative findings. The multidisciplinary approach provides complementary insights on a range of key-themes central to the Canadian linguistic context, such as in the case of language politics, language legislation, language education, sociolinguistics, language contact, language variation and change, varieties of French, minority language issues and language standardisation. The languages covered include both English and French, as well as Aboriginal languages. |
| does canada have a language: Learn Canadian French Pierre Levesque, 2019-05-22 Learn Canadian French and speak with a beautiful aged accent of colonial France that has stood the test of time, exceeding 400 years in North America. This book provides countless expressions, idioms, and typical French Canadian words, explaining the differences between Parisian French and Canadian French, with many grammar tables. This book also contains one chapter featuring French-Canadian medium to high impact coarse language. This second edition also includes downloadable audio files, provided in the link inside the book. Once downloaded, you may listen to various chapters and practice your Canadian French oral spoken skills by repeating the sentences and pronunciations. You will also find that the words include English transliteral pronunciations of the French words, which helps the reader tremendously in understanding the French-Canadian accent. |
| does canada have a language: The Sociolinguistic Situation and the Role of English in Canada Elena da Silva, 2021-12-09 Seminar paper from the year 2021 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 2,3, RWTH Aachen University, language: English, abstract: English is the leading language of international discourse, mainstream media and is spoken in. It is the official language of 67 countries total, the most known ones being the US, the United Kingdom, Australia and of course Canada. This term paper will discuss the English spoken in Canada, elucidate its role in the country and inform about the sociolinguistic situation. It will also pay attention to some of the other languages that have been and are currently spoken in Canada, with the main in this focus being on French. Since this term paper does not pursue an actual research question, it will summarize the most important historical events and (socio-)linguistic facts and features. The purpose is to give a general overview over the English spoken in Canada and to create a better understanding of Canadians mentality, the relationships between the different provinces and the linguistic differences it has to its neighbor – the US. To do so, this term paper is apportioned into three major points – the origin and history of English in Canada, the most prominent linguistic features as well as the sociolinguistic situation. The first chapter will provide a general overview over the (re-)discovery of Canada by the French and British, illustrate the historical chronology as well as explain why certain provinces have certain official languages. In the second chapter, this term paper takes a look at the most distinctive linguistic features. What are the similarities to American or British English, what distinguishes US-American and British English from Canadian English and what is exclusive to the English spoken in Canada? The third and final chapter is less theoretical. It will tell the reader more about the life in Canada. It designates the languages that have been and are currently spoken in the country and offers some insight into the Educational System as well as the land of media in Canada. |
| does canada have a language: Reflections on Multiliterate Lives Diane Dewhurst Belcher, Ulla Connor, 2001 Reflection on Multiliterate Lives is a collection of personal accounts, in narrative and interview format, of the formative literacy experiences of highly successful second language users, all of who are professional academics. Representing fourteen countries in origin, the contributors, well-known specialists in language teaching as well as a variety of other fields in the social and physical sciences, recount in their own words past and present struggles and successes as learners of language and of much else. |
| does canada have a language: The Standard of Usage in English Thomas Raynesford Lounsbury, 2023-07-18 Lounsbury's classic guide to English usage is a must-read for anyone seeking to improve their writing and communication skills. Covering topics such as grammar, punctuation, and style, this book is a timeless resource for students, writers, and professionals. This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant. |
| does canada have a language: The Battle for Canada Canadian League of Rights, Eric D. Butler, Ronald Gostick, 1981 |
| does canada have a language: The French Language in Canada John Hewson, 2000 |
| does canada have a language: Canada's Official Languages Richard J. Joy, 1992 |
| does canada have a language: House of Commons Procedure and Practice Canada. Parliament. House of Commons, Robert Marleau, Camille Montpetit, 2000 This reference book is primarily a procedural work which examines the many forms, customs, and practices which have been developed and established for the House of Commons since Confederation in 1867. It provides a distinctive Canadian perspective in describing procedure in the House up to the end of the first session of the 36th Parliament in Sept. 1999. The material is presented with full commentary on the historical circumstances which have shaped the current approach to parliamentary business. Key Speaker's rulings and statements are also documented and the considerable body of practice, interpretation, and precedents unique to the Canadian House of Commons is amply illustrated. Chapters of the book cover the following: parliamentary institutions; parliaments and ministries; privileges and immunities; the House and its Members; parliamentary procedure; the physical & administrative setting; the Speaker & other presiding officers; the parliamentary cycle; sittings of the House; the daily program; oral & written questions; the process of debate; rules of order & decorum; the curtailment of debate; special debates; the legislative process; delegated legislation; financial procedures; committees of the whole House; committees; private Members' business; public petitions; private bills practice; and the parliamentary record. Includes index. |
| does canada have a language: Do You Speak American? Robert Macneil, William Cran, 2007-12-18 Is American English in decline? Are regional dialects dying out? Is there a difference between men and women in how they adapt to linguistic variations? These questions, and more, about our language catapulted Robert MacNeil and William Cran—the authors (with Robert McCrum) of the language classic The Story of English—across the country in search of the answers. Do You Speak American? is the tale of their discoveries, which provocatively show how the standard for American English—if a standard exists—is changing quickly and dramatically. On a journey that takes them from the Northeast, through Appalachia and the Deep South, and west to California, the authors observe everyday verbal interactions and in a host of interviews with native speakers glean the linguistic quirks and traditions characteristic of each area. While examining the histories and controversies surrounding both written and spoken American English, they address anxieties and assumptions that, when explored, are highly emotional, such as the growing influence of Spanish as a threat to American English and the special treatment of African-American vernacular English. And, challenging the purists who think grammatical standards are in serious deterioration and that media saturation of our culture is homogenizing our speech, they surprise us with unpredictable responses. With insight and wit, MacNeil and Cran bring us a compelling book that is at once a celebration and a potent study of our singular language. Each wave of immigration has brought new words to enrich the American language. Do you recognize the origin of 1. blunderbuss, sleigh, stoop, coleslaw, boss, waffle? Or 2. dumb, ouch, shyster, check, kaput, scram, bummer? Or 3. phooey, pastrami, glitch, kibbitz, schnozzle? Or 4. broccoli, espresso, pizza, pasta, macaroni, radio? Or 5. smithereens, lollapalooza, speakeasy, hooligan? Or 6. vamoose, chaps, stampede, mustang, ranch, corral? 1. Dutch 2. German 3. Yiddish 4. Italian 5. Irish 6. Spanish |
| does canada have a language: Dare to Lead Brené Brown, 2018-10-11 In her #1 NYT bestsellers, Brené Brown taught us what it means to dare greatly, rise strong and brave the wilderness. Now, based on new research conducted with leaders, change makers and culture shifters, she’s showing us how to put those ideas into practice so we can step up and lead. Leadership is not about titles, status and power over people. Leaders are people who hold themselves accountable for recognising the potential in people and ideas, and developing that potential. This is a book for everyone who is ready to choose courage over comfort, make a difference and lead. When we dare to lead, we don't pretend to have the right answers; we stay curious and ask the right questions. We don't see power as finite and hoard it; we know that power becomes infinite when we share it and work to align authority and accountability. We don't avoid difficult conversations and situations; we lean into the vulnerability that’s necessary to do good work. But daring leadership in a culture that's defined by scarcity, fear and uncertainty requires building courage skills, which are uniquely human. The irony is that we're choosing not to invest in developing the hearts and minds of leaders at the same time we're scrambling to figure out what we have to offer that machines can't do better and faster. What can we do better? Empathy, connection and courage to start. Brené Brown spent the past two decades researching the emotions that give meaning to our lives. Over the past seven years, she found that leaders in organisations ranging from small entrepreneurial start-ups and family-owned businesses to non-profits, civic organisations and Fortune 50 companies, are asking the same questions: How do you cultivate braver, more daring leaders? And, how do you embed the value of courage in your culture? Dare to Lead answers these questions and gives us actionable strategies and real examples from her new research-based, courage-building programme. Brené writes, ‘One of the most important findings of my career is that courage can be taught, developed and measured. Courage is a collection of four skill sets supported by twenty-eight behaviours. All it requires is a commitment to doing bold work, having tough conversations and showing up with our whole hearts. Easy? No. Choosing courage over comfort is not easy. Worth it? Always. We want to be brave with our lives and work. It's why we're here.’ |
| does canada have a language: Chinese as a Heritage Language Agnes Weiyun He, Yun Xiao, 2008 The authors examine the socio-cultural, cognitive-linguistic, and educational-institutional trajectories along which Chinese as a Heritage Language may be acquired, maintained and developed. It draws upon developmental psychology, functional linguistics, linguistic and cultural anthropology, discourse analysis, orthography analysis, reading research, second language acquisition, and bilingualism. This volume aims to lay a foundation for theories, models, and master scripts to be discussed, debated, and developed, and to stimulate research and enhance teaching both within and beyond Chinese language education.--BOOK JACKET. |
| does canada have a language: Atlas of the world's languages in danger of disappearing Wurm, Stephen A., 2001-07-17 Close to half of the 6,000 languges spoken in the world are doomed or likely to disappear in the foreseeable future. The disappearance of any language is an irreparable loss for the heritage of all humankind. This new edition of the Atlas, first published in 1996, is intended to give a graphic picture of the magnitude of the problem and a comprehensive list of languages in danger. |
| does canada have a language: Rethinking Heritage Language Education Peter Pericles Trifonas, Themistoklis Aravossitas, 2014-09-11 A collaborative series with the University of Cambridge Faculty of Education highlighting leading-edge research across Teacher Education, International Education Reform and Language Education. Rethinking Heritage Language Education is an edited collection that brings together emerging and established researchers interested in the education field of Heritage Language Education to negotiate its concepts and practices, and investigate the correlation between culture and language from a pedagogic and cosmopolitical point of view. The scholars, who have contributed to the growth of Heritage Language Education as a discipline, reconsider and enrich their findings by drawing new lines across the boundaries of research and practice. It complements the previous work of these theorists, filling a void in the current literature around the question of Heritage Language Education. |
| does canada have a language: Deep Apple Pie, Language and the Law in Canada Keyvan Sayar, 2013-11-17 According to Canadian poet Frank Oliver Call, the soul of Canada is a dual personality, and must remain only half revealed to those who know only one language . With each of Canada's official languages comes indeed a mindset, a culture, a legacy. In addition to quebecois bijuralism, the federal/provincial division of powers, Nunavut's unique Aboriginal legal order and the influence of the United States, language, a too-often overlooked element, plays an essential role in shaping Canadian law. In a globalized world where cultures meet and legal systems blend, virtually all regional and global institutions created since the twentieth century have been faced with the challenge of producing multilingual rules acceptable and workable for all their members. Despite its flaws and paradoxes, the Canadian legal system is a fascinating example of legislating and administering justice in a truly multicultural society. |
| does canada have a language: Canadian Culture in a Globalized World Garry Neil, 2019-04-30 Since the first trade deal with the US in 1987, Canada has insisted on a cultural exemption to ensure that governments were free to protect Canadian culture and to restrict foreign ownership and limit foreign content in the media. Negotiators and government ministers considered the cultural exemption key to reassuring Canadians that the deal did not undermine our cultural sovereignty. In every trade deal since, culture has been a contentious issue. Media giants and foreign governments have pushed for unlimited access to Canada. Ottawa has worked with cultural industries to maintain the cultural exemption. Garry Neil has been close to every one of these negotiations, and has been a key advisor to cultural groups on trade deals. He has been part of the international initiative to assert the importance of cultural diversity in the world, and to create effective measures to guarantee it. This book reflects his experience trying to ensure that the reality matches the rhetoric when it comes to culture. As he sees it, in spite of the claims, Canadian cultural policies and programs have been steadily restricted by successive trade deals. He explains how this has happened, and what needs to be done for Canada to maintain our cultural sovereignty and creative life in the face of multinational corporations and their government supporters who are promoting a world monoculture. |
| does canada have a language: Evaluation of Translation Technology Walter Daelemans, Véronique Hoste, 2010 This collection of scholarly articles asks the question How useful is translation technology? Pointing to the need for a widely used and reliable way to test the efficiency of language translation programs, the presenters show that commercial tools such as translation memories and translation workbenches are popular, and their developers find them useful in terms of productivity, consistency, or quality. However, these claims are rarely proven using objective comparative studies, and this group describes several new statistical approaches to more rigorous evaluation methods. -- Product Description. |
| does canada have a language: The Ethics of Capitalism Daniel Halliday, John Thrasher, 2020-05-13 Can capitalism have moral foundations? Though this question may seem strange in today's world of vast economic disparities and widespread poverty, discussions originating with the birth of capitalism add a critical perspective to the current debate on the efficacy and morality of capitalist economies. Authors Daniel Halliday and John Thrasher use this question to introduce classical political philosophy as a framework by which to evaluate the ethics of capitalism today. They revisit and reconstruct historical eighteenth- and nineteenth-century defenses of capitalism, as written by key proponents such as Adam Smith and John Stuart Mill. They ask what these early advocates of market order would say about contemporary economies, and argue for the importance of connecting these foundational defenses to discussions of economic systems and the roles they play in economic justice and injustice today. The textbook covers longstanding problems that are as old as the discussion of capitalism itself, such as wage inequality, global trade, and the connection between paid labor and human flourishing. It also addresses new challenges, such as climate change, the welfare state, and competitive consumption, and provides topical global case studies. Additionally, it includes study questions at the end of each chapter and an author-created companion website to help guide classroom discussion. |
| does canada have a language: Language in Late Capitalism Alexandre Duchêne, Monica Heller, 2012-04-23 This book examines the ways in which our ideas about language and identity which used to be framed in national and political terms as a matter of rights and citizenship are increasingly recast in economic terms as a matter of added value. It argues that this discursive shift is connected to specific characteristics of the globalized new economy in what can be thought of as late capitalism. Through ten ethnographic case studies, it demonstrates the complex ways in which older nationalist ideologies which invest language with value as a source of pride get bound up with newer neoliberal ideologies which invest language with value as a source of profit. The complex interaction between these modes of mobilizing linguistic resources challenges some of our ideas about globalization, hinting that we are in a period of intensification of modernity, in which the limits of the nation-State are stretched, but not (yet) undone. At the same time, this book argues, this intensification also calls into question modernist ways of looking at language and identity, requiring a more serious engagement with capitalism and how it constitutes symbolic (including linguistic) as well as material markets. |
| does canada have a language: Perspectives in Defense Management , 1971 |
| does canada have a language: Parole in Canada Sarah Turnbull, 2016-10-25 Just as Canada’s population has changed in the past four decades, so too has its prison population. The increasing diversity among prisoners raises important questions about how we punish those who break the law. Parole in Canada is the first book to explore how concerns about Aboriginality, gender, and the multicultural ideal of “diversity” have been interpreted and used to alter federal parole policy and practice. Using the Parole of Board of Canada as a case study, this book shows how certain facets of offender differences are selectively included for “accommodation,” while fundamental institutional structures, practices, and power arrangements remain unchanged. Sarah Turnbull argues that, as the current approach fails to challenge outdated notions about gender, race, and aboriginality within the penal system, instead of addressing concerns around diversity, these measures end up contributing to further exclusion and discrimination within the system. |
| does canada have a language: The United States-Canada Free Trade Agreement United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry, 1988 |
| does canada have a language: Indigenous Legal Traditions Law Commission of Canada, 2008-01-01 Although Indigenous peoples had their own systems of law based on their social, political, and spiritual traditions, under colonialism their legal systems have often been ignored or overruled by non-Indigenous laws. Today, however, these legal traditions are being reinvigorated and recognized as vital for the preservation of the political autonomy of Aboriginal nations and the development of healthy communities. The essays in this book present important perspectives on the role of Indigenous legal traditions in reclaiming and preserving the autonomy of Aboriginal communities and in reconciling the relationship between these communities and Canadian governments. Contributors include Andrée Lajoie, Minnawaanagogiizhigook (Dawnis Kennedy), Ghislain Otis, Ted Palys and Wenona Victor, Paulette Regan, and Perry Shawana. Common threads linking the essays include the relationship between Indigenous and Canadian legal orders, the importance of Indigenous legal traditions for Aboriginal communities’ autonomy, and the ways in which these traditions might be recognized and given space in the Canadian legal landscape. In its examination of different aspects of and models for the recognition of Indigenous legal orders, this book addresses important issues relating to legal pluralism. It will be of interest to a wide audience including lawyers and legal academics, teachers, students, policy makers, and members of Aboriginal communities. |
| does canada have a language: The Handbook of English for Specific Purposes Brian Paltridge, Sue Starfield, 2014-09-15 Featuring a collection of newly commissioned essays, edited by two leading scholars, this Handbook surveys the key research findings in the field of English for Specific Purposes (ESP). • Provides a state-of-the-art overview of the origins and evolution, current research, and future directions in ESP • Features newly-commissioned contributions from a global team of leading scholars • Explores the history of ESP and current areas of research, including speaking, reading, writing, technology, and business, legal, and medical English • Considers perspectives on ESP research such as genre, intercultural rhetoric, multimodality, English as a lingua franca and ethnography |
DOES Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of DOES is present tense third-person singular of do; plural of doe.
DOES Definition & Meaning | Dictionary.com
Does definition: a plural of doe.. See examples of DOES used in a sentence.
"Do" vs. "Does" – What's The Difference? | Thesaurus.com
Aug 18, 2022 · Both do and does are present tense forms of the verb do. Which is the correct form to use depends on the subject of your sentence. In this article, we’ll explain the difference …
Do vs. Does: How to Use Does vs Do in Sentences - Confused Words
Apr 16, 2019 · When using infinitives with do and does, it is important to remember that DO is the base form of the verb, while DOES is the third-person singular form. Here are some examples: …
DOES | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
Get a quick, free translation! DOES definition: 1. he/she/it form of do 2. he/she/it form of do 3. present simple of do, used with he/she/it. Learn more.
Grammar: When to Use Do, Does, and Did - Proofed
Aug 12, 2022 · We’ve put together a guide to help you use do, does, and did as action and auxiliary verbs in the simple past and present tenses.
does verb - Definition, pictures, pronunciation and usage ...
Definition of does verb in Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary. Meaning, pronunciation, picture, example sentences, grammar, usage notes, synonyms and more.
Do or Does: Which is Correct? – Strategies for Parents
Nov 29, 2021 · Like other verbs, “do” gets an “s” in the third-person singular, but we spell it with “es” — “does.” Let’s take a closer look at how “do” and “does” are different and when to use …
Do or Does – How to Use Them Correctly - Two Minute English
Mar 28, 2024 · Understanding when to use “do” and “does” is key for speaking and writing English correctly. Use “do” with the pronouns I, you, we, and they. For example, “I do like pizza” or …
DOES definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary
Does is the third person singular in the present tense of do 1. Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s Dictionary. Copyright © HarperCollins Publishers. English Easy Learning Grammar …
DOES Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster
The meaning of DOES is present tense third-person singular of do; plural of doe.
DOES Definition & Meaning | Dictionary.com
Does definition: a plural of doe.. See examples of DOES used in a sentence.
"Do" vs. "Does" – What's The Difference? | Thesaurus.com
Aug 18, 2022 · Both do and does are present tense forms of the verb do. Which is the correct form to use depends on the subject of your sentence. In this article, we’ll explain the difference …
Do vs. Does: How to Use Does vs Do in Sentences - Confused Words
Apr 16, 2019 · When using infinitives with do and does, it is important to remember that DO is the base form of the verb, while DOES is the third-person singular form. Here are some examples: …
DOES | English meaning - Cambridge Dictionary
Get a quick, free translation! DOES definition: 1. he/she/it form of do 2. he/she/it form of do 3. present simple of do, used with he/she/it. Learn more.
Grammar: When to Use Do, Does, and Did - Proofed
Aug 12, 2022 · We’ve put together a guide to help you use do, does, and did as action and auxiliary verbs in the simple past and present tenses.
does verb - Definition, pictures, pronunciation and usage ...
Definition of does verb in Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary. Meaning, pronunciation, picture, example sentences, grammar, usage notes, synonyms and more.
Do or Does: Which is Correct? – Strategies for Parents
Nov 29, 2021 · Like other verbs, “do” gets an “s” in the third-person singular, but we spell it with “es” — “does.” Let’s take a closer look at how “do” and “does” are different and when to use …
Do or Does – How to Use Them Correctly - Two Minute English
Mar 28, 2024 · Understanding when to use “do” and “does” is key for speaking and writing English correctly. Use “do” with the pronouns I, you, we, and they. For example, “I do like pizza” or …
DOES definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary
Does is the third person singular in the present tense of do 1. Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner’s Dictionary. Copyright © HarperCollins Publishers. English Easy Learning Grammar …
