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| first order condition economics: Dynamic Economics Gregory C. Chow, 1997-02-13 This work provides a unified and simple treatment of dynamic economics using dynamic optimization as the main theme, and the method of Lagrange multipliers to solve dynamic economic problems. The author presents the optimization framework for dynamic economics in order that readers can understand the approach and use it as they see fit. Instead of using dynamic programming, the author chooses instead to use the method of Lagrange multipliers in the analysis of dynamic optimization because it is easier and more efficient than dynamic programming, and allows readers to understand the substance of dynamic economics better. The author treats a number of topics in economics, including economic growth, macroeconomics, microeconomics, finance and dynamic games. The book also teaches by examples, using concepts to solve simple problems; it then moves to general propositions. |
| first order condition economics: Foundations of Mathematical Economics Michael Carter, 2001-10-26 This book provides a comprehensive introduction to the mathematical foundations of economics, from basic set theory to fixed point theorems and constrained optimization. Rather than simply offer a collection of problem-solving techniques, the book emphasizes the unifying mathematical principles that underlie economics. Features include an extended presentation of separation theorems and their applications, an account of constraint qualification in constrained optimization, and an introduction to monotone comparative statics. These topics are developed by way of more than 800 exercises. The book is designed to be used as a graduate text, a resource for self-study, and a reference for the professional economist. |
| first order condition economics: Principles of Economics, 2Nd Edition Dwivedi D.N., 2009-11-01 Principles Of Economics Is A Comprehensive Textbook For Undergraduate And Postgraduate Students. The Book Begins With A Simple Introduction To Economics As A Social Science, Moves On To Basic Economic Problems Of Individuals, Firms And The Society Focusin |
| first order condition economics: Economic Theory in Retrospect Mark Blaug, 1997-03-27 This book, first published in 1997, is a history of economic thought from Adam Smith to John Maynard Keynes. |
| first order condition economics: Mathematical Economics Kelvin Lancaster, 2012-10-10 Graduate-level text provides complete and rigorous expositions of economic models analyzed primarily from the point of view of their mathematical properties, followed by relevant mathematical reviews. Part I covers optimizing theory; Parts II and III survey static and dynamic economic models; and Part IV contains the mathematical reviews, which range fromn linear algebra to point-to-set mappings. |
| first order condition economics: Managerial Economics-2nd Atmanand, 2009 |
| first order condition economics: Managerial Economics, 8th Edition Dwivedi D.N., This well-known book on the subject has stood the test of time for the last 35 years because of the quality of presentation of its text. It has become students’ favourite as it provides the latest theories, thoughts and applications on the subject with timely revisions to stay up-to-date all the time. Since its first edition, it has provided complete, comprehensive and authentic text on micro and macro aspects of managerial economics. It has now been revised thoroughly with added interpretations of economic theories and concepts and their application to managerial decisions. NEW IN THE EIGHTH EDITION • Summary at the end of each chapter for quick recap • One complete new chapter; several new sections Some New Important Sections • ‘Derivation of Demand Curve with Changing Marginal Utility of Money’, and ‘Why Demand Curve Slopes Downward to Right’ • ‘Expansion Path of Production’ and ‘Equilibrium of Multi-plant Monopoly’ • ‘Theory of Interest Rate Determination’ and ‘Monetary Sector Equilibrium’ • ‘Current Foreign Trade Policy of India’ and ‘Current Role of the IMF’ • ‘Monetary Policy’ and ‘Current Scenario of CSR in India’ |
| first order condition economics: Microeconomic Principles Frank Alan Cowell, 1986 |
| first order condition economics: Essentials of Business Economics Dwivedi D.N., 2009-11-01 There Has Been A Rapidly Growing Demand For Professional Managerial Manpower Over The Past Two Decades, As A Result Of Which Most Indian Universities And Management Institutes Had To Introduce Degree And Diploma Courses Right At The Undergraduate Level, With Business Economics As A Separate Paper. To Meet The Requirement Of The Students Who Take On Economics For Business For The First Time, The Subject Matter Needs To Be Within Their Comprehension Level That At The Same Time Lays A Strong Foundation. This Book Meets This Requirement By Presenting A Short, Simpler And Restructured Version Of The Author S Popular Book Managerial Economics. The Book Is As Per The Model Syllabus Of Business Economics Recommended By The Ugc For Bba Students, With Additional Topics For The Sake Of Completeness And To Cover The Syllabi Of A Large Number Of Universities. The Book Also Caters To Bbe, B Com, And Pgdbm Courses Run By The Indian Universities And Management Institutes. The Book Differs From The Author S Managerial Economics In Its Scope Of The Subject Matter And The Level Of Analytical Treatment, Inasmuch As Here Only The Microeconomic Aspects Of Managerial Economics Are Covered. |
| first order condition economics: Production Economics Chauncey T. K. Ching, John Fumio Yanagida, 1985-01-01 By combining information from microeconomics, mathematics, production functions, and temporal and spatial related production analyses, this book provides a variety of essential information to agricultural economics, economics, and business students. Empirical application of production theory and technique is presented at great length; actual data collected from various agricultural enterprises and experiments are used for production function analyses; and methodological and statistical problems commonly encountered in empirical research are carefully addressed. This book fulfills two great needs in the agricultural economics profession: a textbook suitable for senior-level and graduate students that develops and illustrates how calculus and linear algebra can be used in understanding production economics; and for a scholarly work that illustrates empirical applications and results of production function analyses and production theory. |
| first order condition economics: The Economics of the Long Period Gregory Ponthiere, 2022-08-25 This book provides a non-technical introduction to Unified Growth Theory (UGT), that is, the study of history as a succession of economic regimes. It first focuses on the canonical example of regime shift: the transition from the regime of Malthusian stagnation to the modern regime of sustained economic growth. Then, it broadens the perspectives on historical change by examining other regime shifts involving institutional and environmental forces. This book fills a gap in the market by providing a more accessible treatment of UGT and invites readers to explore ideas of continuity and discontinuity in history. |
| first order condition economics: Lectures on Public Economics Anthony B. Atkinson, Joseph E. Stiglitz, 2015-05-26 The definitive textbook on public finance—now back in print for the first time in years This classic introduction to public finance remains the best advanced-level textbook on the subject ever written. First published in 1980, Lectures on Public Economics still tops reading lists at many leading universities despite the fact that the book has been out of print for years. This new edition makes it readily available again to a new generation of students and practitioners in public economics. The lectures presented here examine the behavioral responses of households and firms to tax changes. Topics include the effects of taxation on labor supply, savings, risk-taking, the firm, debt, and economic growth. The book then delves into normative questions such as the design of tax systems, optimal taxation, public sector pricing, and public goods, including local public goods. Written by two of the world's preeminent economists, this edition of Lectures on Public Economics features a new introduction by Anthony Atkinson and Joseph Stiglitz that discusses the latest developments in the field and areas for future research. The definitive advanced-level textbook on public economics Examines the effects of taxation on households and firms Covers tax system design, optimal taxation, public sector pricing, and more Includes suggestions for further reading Additional resources available online |
| first order condition economics: International Economics Rajat Acharyya, 2022-03-25 Complementing trade theories with relevant trade empirics, this book covers three aspects of the study of International Economics: pure theory of trade, trade policy, and theory of Balance of Payments (BoP) and exchange rate. In the first part, it discusses the basic principles of international trade between dissimilar countries as well as between similar countries, and implications thereof in terms of welfare, income distribution, and growth. The approach taken here is distinctly different from that in most of the existing textbooks on international economics. Instead of model-specific discussions of the basic issues, it discusses the basic principles governing trade, gains from trade, and characteristics of international equilibrium in the context of a general trading environment of open economies. Subsequently, specific models of trade are introduced as alternative theoretical explanations for the basic principles of trade. In the second part, a wide range of policy issues are analysed including unilateral trade restrictions and promotions; reciprocatory trade policy choices through regionalism; product standards that regulate trade between developed and developing countries; and implications of capital inflow, FDI, fragmentation, and global value chains. In the third part, the book discusses different currency and exchange rate regimes and their implications for a country's balance of payments and foreign exchange reserves. Drawing upon the basic theories, it studies expenditure-reducing and expenditure-switching policies to correct for BoP imbalances under a pegged exchange rate regime. Finally, some reflections on the choice of exchange rate regime and optimum currency area wind up discussions of monetary issues in international economics. |
| first order condition economics: Handbook on the Economics of Natural Resources Robert Halvorsen, David F. Layton, 2015-02-27 The topics discussed in the Handbook on the Economics of Natural Resources are essential for those looking to understand how best to use and conserve the resources that form the foundation for human well-being. These include nonrenewable resources, mod |
| first order condition economics: Mathematics for Economics and Business R. S. Bhardwaj, 2007-04 This book is designed to meet the requirements of a wide range of students, keeping in view the varied applications of mathematical techniques in different areas of Economics, Commerce, Finance and Management, at the Undergraduate and Post Graduate levels. The subject matter has been presented in a very simple and lucid manner. A large number of questions from various University examination papers have been included to provide a range of questions on different topics of the subjects. Exercises given at the end of each topic will provide a source of practice to the students and make them more confident, assuring better performance in the Examination. Teachers in the subject may also find it absorbing and different from other books, in respect of approach, style and lucidity in explanation supported by appropriate diagrams. |
| first order condition economics: Climate Economics Richard S.J. Tol, 2023-03-02 This thoroughly revised third edition offers comprehensive coverage of the economics of climate change and climate policy, and is a suitable guide for advanced undergraduate, postgraduate, and doctoral students. Topics discussed include the costs and benefits of adaptation and mitigation, discounting, uncertainty, equity, policy instruments, the second best, and international agreements. |
| first order condition economics: Financial Economics, Risk and Information Marcelo Bianconi, 2011-08-23 Financial Economics, Risk and Information presents the fundamentals of finance in static and dynamic frameworks with focus on risk and information. The objective of this book is to introduce undergraduate and first-year graduate students to the methods and solutions of the main problems in finance theory relating to the economics of uncertainty and information. The main goal of the second edition is to make the materials more accessible to a wider audience of students and finance professionals. The focus is on developing a core body of theory that will provide the student with a solid intellectual foundation for more advanced topics and methods. The new edition has streamlined chapters and topics, with new sections on portfolio choice under alternative information structures. The starting point is the traditional mean-variance approach, followed by portfolio choice from first principles. The topics are extended to alternative market structures, alternative contractual arrangements and agency, dynamic stochastic general equilibrium in discrete and continuous time, attitudes towards risk and towards inter-temporal substitution in discrete and continuous time; and option pricing. In general, the book presents a balanced introduction to the use of stochastic methods in discrete and continuous time in the field of financial economics. |
| first order condition economics: MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS DEBABRATA DATTA, 2017-04-01 Managerial Economics, also known as business economics or Applied Microeconomics, helps in dealing with business decisions and management units effectively. This book discusses the theories and applications of Managerial Economics with the help of its various quantitative techniques like operations research, mathematical programming, game theory for strategic decisions, and other computational methods. Divided into 8 sections and 24 chapters, the book shows how conveniently one can find a solution to the business problems, such as Risk analysis, Production analysis, Pricing, Budgeting, Sales promotion and so on with Managerial Economics tools. Section I analyses the economic behaviour of the consumers; Section II discusses producers’ behaviour and issues related to the production; Sections III, IV and V talk about markets and firms and their types. The concluding Sections VI, VII and VIII delve on the application part of Economics in human resource management, finance, marketing and strategy. The chapters are well-supported with the cases, figures and important facts. The book is equipped with pedagogical aids in the form of Summary, Glossary, Important Terms, Numerical Problems and Multiple Choice Questions. Intended for the postgraduate students of Management, the book will be equally beneficial for the practising Managers. |
| first order condition economics: Maths for Economics Geoff Renshaw, 2021-03-29 Maths for Economics provides a comprehensive and solid foundation in core mathematical principles and methods used in economics, beginning with revisiting basic skills in arithmetic, algebra, equation solving, and slowly building to more advanced topics.Suitable for those with a range of prior school-level expereince or more generally for those who feel they need to go back to the very basics, students can learn with confidence.Drawing on his extensive experience of teaching in the area, the author appreciates that maths can be a daunting topic for many. As such the text is fully supports the reader by using a combination of engaging learning features including summary sections, examples to show how theory is used inpractice and progress exercises, which encourage independent study. Each chapter ends with a conclusion check list to allow students to reflect on topics as they master them.Digital formats and resourcesThe fifth edition is available for students and institutions to purchase in a variety of formats, and is supported by online resources.The e-book offers a mobile experience and convenient access along with functionality tools, navigation features, and links that offer extra learning support: www.oxfordtextbooks.co.uk/ebooksOnline resources supporting the book include,For Students:- Ask the author forum- Excel tutorial- Maple tutorial- Further exercises- Answers to further questions- Expanded solutions to progress exercisesFor Lecturers:- Test exercises- Graphs from the book- Answers to test exercises |
| first order condition economics: Behavioral Interactions, Markets, and Economic Dynamics Shinsuke Ikeda, Hideaki Kiyoshi Kato, Fumio Ohtake, Yoshiro Tsutsui, 2015-09-12 This book collects important contributions in behavioral economics and related topics, mainly by Japanese researchers, to provide new perspectives for the future development of economics and behavioral economics. The volume focuses especially on economic studies that examine interactions of multiple agents and/or market phenomena by using behavioral economics models. Reflecting the diverse fields of the editors, the book captures broad influences of behavioral economics on various topics in economics. Those subjects include parental altruism, economic growth and development, the relative and permanent income hypotheses, wealth distribution, asset price bubbles, auctions, search, contracts, personnel management and market efficiency and anomalies in financial markets. The chapter authors have added newly written addenda to the original articles in which they address their own subsequent works, supplementary analyses, detailed information on the underlying data and/or recent literature surveys. This will help readers to further understand recent developments in behavioral economics and related research. |
| first order condition economics: Models, Mathematics, and Methodology in Economic Explanation Donald W. Katzner, 2018 This book provides a practitioner's foundation for the process of explanatory model building, breaking down that process into five stages. Donald W. Katzner presents a concrete example with unquantified variable values to show how the five-stage procedure works. He describes what is involved in explanatory model building for those interested in this practice, while simultaneously providing a guide for those actually engaged in it. The combination of Katzner's focus on modeling and on mathematics, along with his focus on the explanatory performance of modeling, promises to become an important contribution to the field. |
| first order condition economics: Economics and Liability for Environmental Problems Kathleen Segerson, 2018-01-12 This title was first published in 2002. This convenient reference brings together notable contributions examining all aspects of the liability for environmental accidents. Articles included in the Part I of this volume examine the role of liability as a policy instrument, and provide detailed examinations of the incentive effects created by the imposition of liability, ie. Bankruptcy, litigation costs, delegation of responsibility and insurance. Those in Part II study specific environmental issues such as hazardous waste disposal and oil spills. The International Library of Environmental Economics and Policy explores the influence of economics on the development of environmental and natural resource policy. In a series of twenty five volumes, the most significant journal essays in key areas of the contemporary environmental and resource policy are collected. This convenient reference brings together the notable contributions examining all aspects of the liability for environmental accidents. |
| first order condition economics: Handbook of Public Economics Martin Feldstein, A.J. Auerbach, 2002-01-25 The Field of Public Economics has been changing rapidly in recent years, and the sixteen chapters contained in this Handbook survey many of the new developments. As a field, Public Economics is defined by its objectives rather than its techniques and much of what is new is the application of modern methods of economic theory and econometrics to problems that have been addressed by economists for over two hundred years. More generally, the discussion of public finance issues also involves elements of political science, finance and philosophy. These connections are evidence in several of the chapters that follow. Public Economics is the positive and normative study of government's effect on the economy. We attempt to explain why government behaves as it does, how its behavior influences the behavior of private firms and households, and what the welfare effects of such changes in behavior are. Following Musgrave (1959) one may imagine three purposes for government intervention in the economy: allocation, when market failure causes the private outcome to be Pareto inefficient, distribution, when the private market outcome leaves some individuals with unacceptably low shares in the fruits of the economy, and stabilization, when the private market outcome leaves some of the economy's resources underutilized. The recent trend in economic research has tended to emphasize the character of stabilization problems as problems of allocation in the labor market. The effects that government intervention can have on the allocation and distribution of an economy's resources are described in terms of efficiency and incidence effects. These are the primary measures used to evaluate the welfare effects of government policy. |
| first order condition economics: Maths for Economics Geoff Renshaw, 2012 Maths for Economics provides a solid foundation in mathematical principles and methods used in economics, beginning by revisiting basic skills in arithmetic, algebra and equation solving and slowly building to more advanced topics, using a carefully calculated learning gradient. |
| first order condition economics: Economic Growth, second edition Robert J. Barro, Xavier I. Sala-I-Martin, 2003-10-10 The long-awaited second edition of an important textbook on economic growth—a major revision incorporating the most recent work on the subject. This graduate level text on economic growth surveys neoclassical and more recent growth theories, stressing their empirical implications and the relation of theory to data and evidence. The authors have undertaken a major revision for the long-awaited second edition of this widely used text, the first modern textbook devoted to growth theory. The book has been expanded in many areas and incorporates the latest research. After an introductory discussion of economic growth, the book examines neoclassical growth theories, from Solow-Swan in the 1950s and Cass-Koopmans in the 1960s to more recent refinements; this is followed by a discussion of extensions to the model, with expanded treatment in this edition of heterogenity of households. The book then turns to endogenous growth theory, discussing, among other topics, models of endogenous technological progress (with an expanded discussion in this edition of the role of outside competition in the growth process), technological diffusion, and an endogenous determination of labor supply and population. The authors then explain the essentials of growth accounting and apply this framework to endogenous growth models. The final chapters cover empirical analysis of regions and empirical evidence on economic growth for a broad panel of countries from 1960 to 2000. The updated treatment of cross-country growth regressions for this edition uses the new Summers-Heston data set on world income distribution compiled through 2000. |
| first order condition economics: The Economics of Continuous-Time Finance Bernard Dumas, Elisa Luciano, 2017-10-27 An introduction to economic applications of the theory of continuous-time finance that strikes a balance between mathematical rigor and economic interpretation of financial market regularities. This book introduces the economic applications of the theory of continuous-time finance, with the goal of enabling the construction of realistic models, particularly those involving incomplete markets. Indeed, most recent applications of continuous-time finance aim to capture the imperfections and dysfunctions of financial markets—characteristics that became especially apparent during the market turmoil that started in 2008. The book begins by using discrete time to illustrate the basic mechanisms and introduce such notions as completeness, redundant pricing, and no arbitrage. It develops the continuous-time analog of those mechanisms and introduces the powerful tools of stochastic calculus. Going beyond other textbooks, the book then focuses on the study of markets in which some form of incompleteness, volatility, heterogeneity, friction, or behavioral subtlety arises. After presenting solutions methods for control problems and related partial differential equations, the text examines portfolio optimization and equilibrium in incomplete markets, interest rate and fixed-income modeling, and stochastic volatility. Finally, it presents models where investors form different beliefs or suffer frictions, form habits, or have recursive utilities, studying the effects not only on optimal portfolio choices but also on equilibrium, or the price of primitive securities. The book strikes a balance between mathematical rigor and the need for economic interpretation of financial market regularities, although with an emphasis on the latter. |
| first order condition economics: A Text on Mathematical Economics Pawas Prabhakar, Alka Budhiraja, 1995 |
| first order condition economics: Introduction to Computational Economics Using Fortran Hans Fehr, Maurice Hofmann, Fabian Kindermann, 2020 This exercise and solutions manual accompanies the main edition of Introduction to Computational Economics Using Fortran. It enables students of all levels to practice the skills and knowledge needed to conduct economic research using Fortran. Introduction to Computational Economics Using Fortran is the essential guide to conducting economic research on a computer. Aimed at students of all levels of education as well as advanced economic researchers, it facilitates the first steps into writing programming language. This exercise and solutions manual is accompanied by a program database that readers are able to download. |
| first order condition economics: The Economics of Sovereign Debt and Default Mark Aguiar, Manuel Amador, 2023-09-26 An integrated approach to the economics of sovereign default Fiscal crises and sovereign default repeatedly threaten the stability and growth of economies around the world. Mark Aguiar and Manuel Amador provide a unified and tractable theoretical framework that elucidates the key economics behind sovereign debt markets, shedding light on the frictions and inefficiencies that prevent the smooth functioning of these markets, and proposing sensible approaches to sovereign debt management. The Economics of Sovereign Debt and Default looks at the core friction unique to sovereign debt—the lack of strong legal enforcement—and goes on to examine additional frictions such as deadweight costs of default, vulnerability to runs, the incentive to “dilute” existing creditors, and sovereign debt’s distortion of investment and growth. The book uses the tractable framework to isolate how each additional friction affects the equilibrium outcome, and illustrates its counterpart using state-of-the-art computational modeling. The novel approach presented here contrasts the outcome of a constrained efficient allocation—one chosen to maximize the joint surplus of creditors and government—with the competitive equilibrium outcome. This allows for a clear analysis of the extent to which equilibrium prices efficiently guide the government’s debt and default decisions, and of what drives divergences with the efficient outcome. Providing an integrated approach to sovereign debt and default, this incisive and authoritative book is an ideal resource for researchers and graduate students interested in this important topic. |
| first order condition economics: Handbook on the Economics of Copyright Richard Watt, 2014-09-26 Featuring expert contributors from around the world, this book offers insight into the vital theoretical and practical aspects of the economics of copyright. Topics discussed include fair use, performers� rights, copyright and trade, online music strea |
| first order condition economics: Agricultural Economics Research , 1983 |
| first order condition economics: Asset Pricing John H. Cochrane, 2009-04-11 Winner of the prestigious Paul A. Samuelson Award for scholarly writing on lifelong financial security, John Cochrane's Asset Pricing now appears in a revised edition that unifies and brings the science of asset pricing up to date for advanced students and professionals. Cochrane traces the pricing of all assets back to a single idea—price equals expected discounted payoff—that captures the macro-economic risks underlying each security's value. By using a single, stochastic discount factor rather than a separate set of tricks for each asset class, Cochrane builds a unified account of modern asset pricing. He presents applications to stocks, bonds, and options. Each model—consumption based, CAPM, multifactor, term structure, and option pricing—is derived as a different specification of the discounted factor. The discount factor framework also leads to a state-space geometry for mean-variance frontiers and asset pricing models. It puts payoffs in different states of nature on the axes rather than mean and variance of return, leading to a new and conveniently linear geometrical representation of asset pricing ideas. Cochrane approaches empirical work with the Generalized Method of Moments, which studies sample average prices and discounted payoffs to determine whether price does equal expected discounted payoff. He translates between the discount factor, GMM, and state-space language and the beta, mean-variance, and regression language common in empirical work and earlier theory. The book also includes a review of recent empirical work on return predictability, value and other puzzles in the cross section, and equity premium puzzles and their resolution. Written to be a summary for academics and professionals as well as a textbook, this book condenses and advances recent scholarship in financial economics. |
| first order condition economics: Handbook of International Economics Gita Gopinath, Elhanan Helpman, Kenneth Rogoff, 2014-02-22 What conclusions can be drawn from recent advances in international trade and international macroeconomics? New datasets, theoretical models, and empirical studies have resulted in fresh questions about the world trade and payment system. These chapters--six on trade and six on international macroeconomics--reveal the richness that researchers have uncovered in recent years. The chapters on foreign trade present, among other subjects, new integrated multisector analytical frameworks, the use of gravity equations for the estimation of trade flows, the role of domestic institutions in shaping comparative advantage, and international trade agreements. On international macroeconomics, chapters explore the relation between exchange rates and other macroeconomic variables; risk sharing, allocation of capital across countries, and current account dynamics; and sovereign debt and financial crises. By addressing new issues while enabling deeper and sharper analyses of old issues, this volume makes a significant contribution to our understanding of the global economy. - Systematically illuminates and interprets recent developments in research on international trade and international macroeconomics - Focuses on newly developing questions and opportunities for future research - Presents multiple perspectives on ways to understand the global economy |
| first order condition economics: International Handbook on the Economics of Energy Lester C. Hunt, Joanne Evans, 2011-01-01 As an essential component for economic growth, energy has a significant impact on the global economy. The need to meet growing energy demand has prompted cutting-edge innovation in clean technology in an attempt to realise environmental and cost objectives, whilst ensuring the security of energy supply. This Handbook offers a comprehensive review of the economics of energy, including contributions from a distinguished array of international specialists. It provides a thorough discussion of the major research issues in this topical field of economics. Themes addressed include the theory of energy supply, demand and policy, empirical modelling of energy demand, holistic energy models, an analysis of coal, gas, electricity, oil and the markets within which they operate, and a discussion of the current key energy policy issues. The topics of pricing, transmission, regulation, security, energy efficiency, new technologies and climate change are also discussed. The International Handbook on the Economics of Energy presents a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art research making it an indispensable reference for researchers, advanced students, practitioners and policy-makers alike. |
| first order condition economics: Mathematics for Economics Mik Wisniewski, 2017-09-16 This book shows how mathematics is used in developing economic theory and in applied economic analysis. The text gradually develops the mathematical skills needed by students and allows them to progress at their own pace. A wide variety of examples shows how, and why, the application of mathematics has become essential to economists. |
| first order condition economics: The Foundations of Behavioral Economic Analysis Sanjit S. Dhami, 2016 It considers the evidence against the exponential discounted utility model and describes several behavioral models such as hyperbolic discounting, attribute based models and the reference time theory. Part IV describes the evidence on classical game theory and considers several models of behavioral game theory, including level-k and cognitive hierarchy models, quantal response equilibrium, and psychological game theory. Part V considers behavioral models of learning that include evolutionary game theory, classical models of learning, experience weighted attraction model, learning direction theory, and stochastic social dynamics. Part VI studies the role of emotions; among other topics it considers projection bias, temptation preferences, happiness economics, and interaction between emotions and cognition. Part VII considers bounded rationality. The three main topics considered are judgment heuristics and biases, mental accounting, and behavioral finance. |
| first order condition economics: Political Economics Torsten Persson, Guido Tabellini, 2002-01-25 What determines the size and form of redistributive programs, the extent and type of public goods provision, the burden of taxation across alternative tax bases, the size of government deficits, and the stance of monetary policy during the course of business and electoral cycles? A large and rapidly growing literature in political economics attempts to answer these questions. But so far there is little consensus on the answers and disagreement on the appropriate mode of analysis. Combining the best of three separate traditions—the theory of macroeconomic policy, public choice, and rational choice in political science—Torsten Persson and Guido Tabellini suggest a unified approach to the field. As in modern macroeconomics, individual citizens behave rationally, their preferences over economic outcomes inducing preferences over policy. As in public choice, the delegation of policy decisions to elected representatives may give rise to agency problems between voters and politicians. And, as in rational choice, political institutions shape the procedures for setting policy and electing politicians. The authors outline a common method of analysis, establish several new results, and identify the main outstanding problems. |
| first order condition economics: The Economics of Agri-Environmental Policy, Volume II Sandra S. Batie, Richard D. Horan, 2017-11-30 This two-volume set collects key essays examining economic theory, methods, and issues salient to agri-environmental policy in the US and in Europe, as well as in other countries. The topics under discussion are arranged thematically and include theoretical, numerical and empirical works; all are grounded in policy and economics. The introduction to these volumes reviews the evolution of agri-environmental policies, with an important focus on the history of US policy and European agri-environmental policy. A key feature within this is the importance of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in the US, particularly its move towards more 'market-based incentives' from the 1980s onwards. Within the European context, the effects of the CAP (Common Agricultural Policy) on agri-environmental programmes and schemes within the member states, are discussed. Significantly, the essays republished here have provided the knowledge base that has influenced further applied work, creating an influential impact on policy development. |
| first order condition economics: Management, Quality and Economics in Building A. Bezelga, P.S. Brandon, 2006-03-09 First published in 1991. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company. |
| first order condition economics: Workbook to Accompany Political Economics Isabelle Brocas, Micael Castanheira, Ronny Razin, David Stromberg, 2000-08-14 This book accompanies Political Economics: Explaining Economic Policy and sugggests solutions to the problems contained in each chapter. |
Last name 和 First name 到底哪个是名哪个是姓？ - 知乎
Last name 和 First name 到底哪个是名哪个是姓？ 上学的时候老师说因为英语文化中名在前，姓在后，所以Last name是姓，first name是名，假设一个中国人叫孙悟空，那么他的first nam…
first 和 firstly 的用法区别是什么？ - 知乎
a.First （ = First of all）I must finish this work.（含义即，先完成这项工作再说，因为这是必须的，重要的，至于其它，再说吧） b.First come，first served .先来，先招待（最重要） …
EndNote如何设置参考文献英文作者姓全称，名缩写？ - 知乎
知乎，中文互联网高质量的问答社区和创作者聚集的原创内容平台，于 2011 年 1 月正式上线，以「让人们更好的分享知识、经验和见解，找到自己的解答」为品牌使命。知乎凭借认真、专业、友善的社区 …
对一个陌生的英文名字，如何快速确定哪个是姓哪个是名？ - 知乎
知乎，中文互联网高质量的问答社区和创作者聚集的原创内容平台，于 2011 年 1 月正式上线，以「让人们更好的分享知识、经验和见解，找到自己的解答」为品牌使命。知乎凭借认真、专业、友善的社区 …
发表sci共同第一作者(排名第二)有用吗？ - 知乎
知乎，中文互联网高质量的问答社区和创作者聚集的原创内容平台，于 2011 年 1 月正式上线，以「让人们更好的分享知识、经验和见解，找到自己的解答」为品牌使命。知乎凭借认真、专业、友善的社区 …
Last name 和 First name 到底哪个是名哪个是姓？ - 知乎
Last name 和 First name 到底哪个是名哪个是姓？ 上学的时候老师说因为英语文化中名在前，姓在后，所以Last name是姓，first name是名，假设一个中国人叫孙悟空，那么他的first nam…
first 和 firstly 的用法区别是什么？ - 知乎
a.First （ = First of all）I must finish this work.（含义即，先完成这项工作再说，因为这是必须的，重要的，至于其它，再说吧） b.First come，first served .先来，先招待（最重要） …
EndNote如何设置参考文献英文作者姓全称，名缩写？ - 知乎
知乎，中文互联网高质量的问答社区和创作者聚集的原创内容平台，于 2011 年 1 月正式上线，以「让人们更好的分享知识、经验和见解，找到自己的解答」为品牌使命。知乎凭借认真、专业 …
对一个陌生的英文名字，如何快速确定哪个是姓哪个是名？ - 知乎
知乎，中文互联网高质量的问答社区和创作者聚集的原创内容平台，于 2011 年 1 月正式上线，以「让人们更好的分享知识、经验和见解，找到自己的解答」为品牌使命。知乎凭借认真、专业 …
发表sci共同第一作者(排名第二)有用吗？ - 知乎
知乎，中文互联网高质量的问答社区和创作者聚集的原创内容平台，于 2011 年 1 月正式上线，以「让人们更好的分享知识、经验和见解，找到自己的解答」为品牌使命。知乎凭借认真、专业 …
有大神公布一下Nature Communications从投出去到Online的审稿 …
知乎，中文互联网高质量的问答社区和创作者聚集的原创内容平台，于 2011 年 1 月正式上线，以「让人们更好的分享知识、经验和见解，找到自己的解答」为品牌使命。知乎凭借认真、专业 …
GM、VP、FVP、CIO都是什么职位？ - 知乎
FVP（First Vice President）则是指公司的第一副总裁，通常是在VP之上的高管职位。 VP（Vice President）是指公司的副总裁，通常是在高层管理团队中担任领导职务的高管。
论文作者后标注了共同一作（数字1）但没有解释标注还算共一 …
Aug 26, 2022 · 是在不同作者姓名的右上角标了数字1吗？ 共同作者可不是这么标的。 标注共同一作的方法并不是有的作者以为的上下并列，而是在共同第一作者的右上角标注相同的符号，比 …
贝塞尔函数及其性质 - 知乎
为第一类贝塞尔函数 (Bessel functions of the first kind)， 为第二类贝塞尔函数 (Bessel functions of the second kind)，有的也记为 。 第一类贝塞尔函数积分表达式. 对于整数阶n， 该公式也 …
2025年618 CPU选购指南丨CPU性能天梯图（R23 单核/多核性能跑 …
May 4, 2025 · cpu型号名称小知识 amd. 无后缀 ：普通型号; 后缀 g ：有高性能核显型号（5000系及之前系列 除了后缀有g的其他均为 无核显，7000除了后缀f，都有核显）
