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| economics in el salvador: Weak Foundations Héctor Lindo-Fuentes, 1990 Héctor Lindo-Fuentes provides the first in-depth economic history of El Salvador during the crucial decades of the nineteenth century. Before independence in 1821, the isolated territory that we now call El Salvador was a subdivision of the Captaincy General of Guatemala and had only 250,000 inhabitants. Both indigo production, the source of wealth for the country's tiny elite and its main link to the outside world, and subsistence agriculture, which engaged the majority of the population, involved the use of agricultural techniques that had not changed for two hundred years. By 1900, however, El Salvador's primary export was coffee, a crop that demanded relatively sophisticated agricultural techniques and the support of an elaborate internal finance and marketing network. The coffee planters came to control the state apparatus, writing laws that secured their access to land, imposing taxes that paid for a transportation network designed to service their plantations, building ports to expedite coffee exports, and establishing a banking system to finance the new crop. Weak Foundations shows how the parallel process of state-building and expansion of the coffee industry resulted in the formation of an oligarchy that was to rule El Salvador during the twentieth century. Historians and economists interested in the routes to underdevelopment followed by Latin American and other Third World countries will find this analysis thorough and provocative. |
| economics in el salvador: Good Jobs, Bad Jobs, No Jobs Tony Avirgan, Sarah Gammage, 2005 |
| economics in el salvador: Narrative Economics Robert J. Shiller, 2020-09-01 From Nobel Prize–winning economist and New York Times bestselling author Robert Shiller, a groundbreaking account of how stories help drive economic events—and why financial panics can spread like epidemic viruses Stories people tell—about financial confidence or panic, housing booms, or Bitcoin—can go viral and powerfully affect economies, but such narratives have traditionally been ignored in economics and finance because they seem anecdotal and unscientific. In this groundbreaking book, Robert Shiller explains why we ignore these stories at our peril—and how we can begin to take them seriously. Using a rich array of examples and data, Shiller argues that studying popular stories that influence individual and collective economic behavior—what he calls narrative economics—may vastly improve our ability to predict, prepare for, and lessen the damage of financial crises and other major economic events. The result is nothing less than a new way to think about the economy, economic change, and economics. In a new preface, Shiller reflects on some of the challenges facing narrative economics, discusses the connection between disease epidemics and economic epidemics, and suggests why epidemiology may hold lessons for fighting economic contagions. |
| economics in el salvador: Economic Controls and Commercial Policy in El Salvador United States Tariff Commission, 1947 |
| economics in el salvador: Economic Facts about El Salvador, 1959 El Salvador. Dirección General de Estadística y Censos, 1960 |
| economics in el salvador: El Salvador International Monetary Fund. Western Hemisphere Dept., 2015-01-12 This Selected Issues paper assesses the potential output in El Salvador. Based on various filters and the production function approach, El Salvador’s potential growth is estimated at about 2 percent for 1999–2015, and the output gap is now virtually closed. Potential growth after the global financial crisis has fallen as a result of lower capital accumulation and total factor productivity (TFP). TFP growth depends on technological progress, as well as the institutional, regulatory, and legal environment in which businesses operate. From a cyclical perspective, the economy is assessed to be operating at potential and labor market conditions also appear to be broadly neutral. Strengthening capital and TFP growth going forward is critical to achieve the authorities’ goal of raising potential growth to 3 percent over the medium term. Structural reforms should prioritize mobilizing domestic savings to invest and build a higher capital stock, enhancing research and development/technological diffusion and competition in product and labor markets, strengthening institutions to secure property rights and reduce red tape, improving infrastructure, facilitating access to financing, and fostering human capital to boost TFP growth. Going forward, it is critical to undertake structural reforms to strengthen capital and TFP to raise potential growth. |
| economics in el salvador: The Limits of Economic Reform in El Salvador W. Pelupessy, 1997-09-22 El Salvador is a small developing country that has undergone important processes of agrarian change and suffered the consequences of a 12-year civil war which ended with a peace agreement in the 1990s. Economic reforms have given insufficient weight to history, institutions and politics. This book will show that to improve their efficiency, there is a need to consider how both economic and political variables have affected social structures and institutions. To be sustainable reforms should aim at an appropriate balance between growth and distribution. The outcomes of this research question some commonly accepted theses on agrarian transformation, state autonomy and the role of economic policy and foreign intervention in El Salvador and Central America in general. |
| economics in el salvador: The History of El Salvador Christopher M. White, 2008-11-30 Plagued by political instability, economic hardships, and massacres of innocent men, women, and children, El Salvador has fought for freedom throughout the centuries. No other reference source captures the suffering and adversities this ever-evolving country has faced. El Salvador's tumultuous history and recent past are clearly documented in this comprehensive volume, filling a void on high school and public library shelves. This work offers the most current coverage on this tiny Latin American nation's struggles, covering from the pre-Columbian era to economics and politics in the 21st Century. Complete with interviews and accounts from former rebels and guerillas and other victims of the country's struggle for freedom, this volume highlights a unique account of El Salvador's past-the viewpoints from the civilians who lived through it. Students will find The History of El Salvador to be an invaluable source for social studies, history, current events, and political science classes. |
| economics in el salvador: Macroeconomics and Development Mario Damill, Martín Rapetti, Guillermo Rozenwurcel, 2016-03-15 Latin American neo-structuralism is a cutting-edge, regionally focused economic theory with broad implications for macroeconomics and development economics. Roberto Frenkel has spent five decades developing the theory's core arguments and expanding their application throughout the discipline, revolutionizing our understanding of high inflation and hyperinflation, disinflation programs, and the behavior of foreign exchange markets as well as financial and currency crises in emerging economies. The essays in this collection assess Latin American neo-structuralism's theoretical contributions and viability as the world's economies evolve. The authors discuss Frenkel's work in relation to pricing decisions, inflation and stabilization policy, development and income distribution in Latin America, and macroeconomic policy for economic growth. An entire section focuses on finance and crisis, and the volume concludes with a neo-structuralist analysis of general aspects of economic development. For those seeking a comprehensive introduction to contemporary Latin American economic thought, this collection not only explicates the intricate work of one of its greatest practitioners but also demonstrates its impact on the growth of economics. |
| economics in el salvador: Economic Risks of Climate Change Trevor Houser, Solomon Hsiang, Robert Kopp, Kate Larsen, Michael Delgado, Amir Jina, Michael Mastrandrea, Shashank Mohan, Robert Muir-Wood, D. J. Rasmussen, James Rising, Paul Wilson, 2015-08-18 Climate change threatens the economy of the United States in myriad ways, including increased flooding and storm damage, altered crop yields, lost labor productivity, higher crime, reshaped public-health patterns, and strained energy systems, among many other effects. Combining the latest climate models, state-of-the-art econometric research on human responses to climate, and cutting-edge private-sector risk-assessment tools, Economic Risks of Climate Change: An American Prospectus crafts a game-changing profile of the economic risks of climate change in the United States. This prospectus is based on a critically acclaimed independent assessment of the economic risks posed by climate change commissioned by the Risky Business Project. With new contributions from Karen Fisher-Vanden, Michael Greenstone, Geoffrey Heal, Michael Oppenheimer, and Nicholas Stern and Bob Ward, as well as a foreword from Risky Business cochairs Michael Bloomberg, Henry Paulson, and Thomas Steyer, the book speaks to scientists, researchers, scholars, activists, and policy makers. It depicts the distribution of escalating climate-change risk across the country and assesses its effects on aspects of the economy as varied as hurricane damages and violent crime. Beautifully illustrated and accessibly written, this book is an essential tool for helping businesses and governments prepare for the future. |
| economics in el salvador: Economic Growth and the Balance-of-Payments Constraint John McCombie, A.P. Thirlwall, 2016-07-27 '... a well written book ... covering ... a vast amount of material ... well balanced between the theoretical and applied works. The authors are judicious and fair in providing a balanced treatment of the two alternative theories of growth performance: supply-oriented and demand-oriented. The book will serve as a guideline to researchers and policymakers ... as a textbook for upperdivision undergraduate and graduate courses.'- Kashi Nath Tiwari, Kennesaw State College This is the first book of its kind to argue in a consistent and comprehensive way the idea that a country's growth performance cannot be properly understood without reference to the performance of its tradeable goods sector and the strength of its balance of payments. It puts forward a demand orientated theory of why growth rates differ between countries where the major constraint on demand is the balance of payments. The book is critical of neoclassical growth analysis and provides an alternative theory of growth performance to the supply orientated approach of neoclassical theory. There are theoretical chapters comparing and contrasting neoclassical growth analysis with the new demand orientated approach, and empirical sections which apply the new model to regions and countries, including two case studies of the UK and Australia. |
| economics in el salvador: The United States and the World Economy: Foreign Economic Policy for the Next Decade C. Fred Bergsten, 2005 |
| economics in el salvador: Sustaining Economic Growth in Asia Jeremie Cohen-Setton, Thomas Helbling, Adam S. Posen, Changyong Rhee , 2018-12-01 Economic growth, inflation, and interest rates have declined in Asia, just as they have in the United States and Europe. This volume explores the relevance to several Asian economies of the diagnosis known as “secular stagnation.” Leading experts on the region discuss the fiscal and monetary policy challenges of reviving growth without generating domestic financial imbalances. The essays on innovation, demographics, spillovers, and various policy proposals are accompanied by case studies focusing on Japan, South Korea, China, India, and Indonesia. |
| economics in el salvador: Immigration and the Work Force George J. Borjas, Richard B. Freeman, 2007-12-01 Since the 1970s, the striking increase in immigration to the United States has been accompanied by a marked change in the composition of the immigrant community, with a much higher percentage of foreign-born workers coming from Latin America and Asia and a dramatically lower percentage from Europe. This timely study is unique in presenting new data sets on the labor force, wage rates, and demographic conditions of both the U.S. and source-area economies through the 1980s. The contributors analyze the economic effects of immigration on the United States and selected source areas, with a focus on Puerto Rico and El Salvador. They examine the education and job performance of foreign-born workers; assimilation, fertility, and wage rates; and the impact of remittances by immigrants to family members on the overall gross domestic product of source areas. A revealing and original examination of a topic of growing importance, this book will stand as a guide for further research on immigration and on the economies of developing countries. |
| economics in el salvador: The National Interest, Production, and Trade in El Salvador Edgard F. Tovar, 1996-06-01 The objective of this thesis is to develop an analysis of El Salvador's economy using available statistical data. First, an examination is made of El Salvador's democratization process in a historical perspective. Second, an analysis is undertaken of the country's policy through historical budget allocations. Third, an assessment is made of the economic standing point of El Salvador. This discussion embraces the production sectors, to determine their strengths and weaknesses from the resources efficiency point of view. Fourth, the study analyzes the implications of El Salvador's increasing trade deficit from the efficiency and equity perspectives. Fifth, a presentation is made of the economic strengths, weaknesses, threats and opportunities of the country from the short and long mn perspective. Finally, conclusions are drawn and recommendations made which could be utilized to improve El Salvador's economic future. |
| economics in el salvador: The Power of a Single Number Philipp Lepenies, 2016-04-26 Widely used since the mid-twentieth century, GDP (gross domestic product) has become the world's most powerful statistical indicator of national development and progress. Practically all governments adhere to the idea that GDP growth is a primary economic target, and while criticism of this measure has grown, neither its champions nor its detractors deny its central importance in our political culture. In The Power of a Single Number, Philipp Lepenies recounts the lively history of GDP's political acceptance—and eventual dominance. Locating the origins of GDP measurements in Renaissance England, Lepenies explores the social and political factors that originally hindered its use. It was not until the early 1900s that an ingenuous lone-wolf economist revived and honed GDP's statistical approach. These ideas were then extended by John Maynard Keynes, and a more focused study of national income was born. American economists furthered this work by emphasizing GDP's ties to social well-being, setting the stage for its ascent. GDP finally achieved its singular status during World War II, assuming the importance it retains today. Lepenies's absorbing account helps us understand the personalities and popular events that propelled GDP to supremacy and clarifies current debates over the wisdom of the number's rule. |
| economics in el salvador: Economic Crisis and Recovery in El Salvador, 1978-1992 Clarence Zuvekas, 1993 |
| economics in el salvador: El Salvador International Monetary Fund, 2005-08-09 This Selected Issues paper presents background notes on El Salvador’s economic growth, national savings, and implications of the Central American Free-Trade Agreement with the United States (CAFTA). The paper describes possible factors behind sluggish growth in El Salvador in recent years, and suggests that the medium-term growth outlook hinges on further structural reforms, including steps to improve competitiveness and further strengthen the public finances. The paper also highlights the factors behind the sharp decline in domestic savings in recent years, suggesting a possible Dutch-disease phenomenon. |
| economics in el salvador: El Salvador United States. General Accounting Office, 1990 |
| economics in el salvador: Global Productivity Alistair Dieppe, 2021-06-09 The COVID-19 pandemic struck the global economy after a decade that featured a broad-based slowdown in productivity growth. Global Productivity: Trends, Drivers, and Policies presents the first comprehensive analysis of the evolution and drivers of productivity growth, examines the effects of COVID-19 on productivity, and discusses a wide range of policies needed to rekindle productivity growth. The book also provides a far-reaching data set of multiple measures of productivity for up to 164 advanced economies and emerging market and developing economies, and it introduces a new sectoral database of productivity. The World Bank has created an extraordinary book on productivity, covering a large group of countries and using a wide variety of data sources. There is an emphasis on emerging and developing economies, whereas the prior literature has concentrated on developed economies. The book seeks to understand growth patterns and quantify the role of (among other things) the reallocation of factors, technological change, and the impact of natural disasters, including the COVID-19 pandemic. This book is must-reading for specialists in emerging economies but also provides deep insights for anyone interested in economic growth and productivity. Martin Neil Baily Senior Fellow, The Brookings Institution Former Chair, U.S. President’s Council of Economic Advisers This is an important book at a critical time. As the book notes, global productivity growth had already been slowing prior to the COVID-19 pandemic and collapses with the pandemic. If we want an effective recovery, we have to understand what was driving these long-run trends. The book presents a novel global approach to examining the levels, growth rates, and drivers of productivity growth. For anyone wanting to understand or influence productivity growth, this is an essential read. Nicholas Bloom William D. Eberle Professor of Economics, Stanford University The COVID-19 pandemic hit a global economy that was already struggling with an adverse pre-existing condition—slow productivity growth. This extraordinarily valuable and timely book brings considerable new evidence that shows the broad-based, long-standing nature of the slowdown. It is comprehensive, with an exceptional focus on emerging market and developing economies. Importantly, it shows how severe disasters (of which COVID-19 is just the latest) typically harm productivity. There are no silver bullets, but the book suggests sensible strategies to improve growth prospects. John Fernald Schroders Chaired Professor of European Competitiveness and Reform and Professor of Economics, INSEAD |
| economics in el salvador: Industrial Policy and Economic Transformation in Africa Akbar Noman, Joseph E. Stiglitz, 2015-09-15 The revival of economic growth in Sub-Saharan Africa is all the more welcome for having followed one of the worst economic disasters—a quarter century of economic malaise for most of the region—since the industrial revolution. Six of the world's fastest-growing economies in the first decade of this century were African. Yet only in Ethiopia and Rwanda was growth not based on resources and the rising price of oil. Deindustrialization has yet to be reversed, and progress toward creating a modern economy remains limited. This book explores the vital role that active government policies can play in transforming African economies. Such policies pertain not just to industry. They traverse all economic sectors, including finance, information technology, and agriculture. These packages of learning, industrial, and technology (LIT) policies aim to bring vigorous and lasting growth to the region. This collection features case studies of LIT policies in action in many parts of the world, examining their risks and rewards and what they mean for Sub-Saharan Africa. |
| economics in el salvador: Investment Policy Review , 1999 |
| economics in el salvador: Global Economic Prospects, June 2021 World Bank, 2021-08-03 The world economy is experiencing a very strong but uneven recovery, with many emerging market and developing economies facing obstacles to vaccination. The global outlook remains uncertain, with major risks around the path of the pandemic and the possibility of financial stress amid large debt loads. Policy makers face a difficult balancing act as they seek to nurture the recovery while safeguarding price stability and fiscal sustainability. A comprehensive set of policies will be required to promote a strong recovery that mitigates inequality and enhances environmental sustainability, ultimately putting economies on a path of green, resilient, and inclusive development. Prominent among the necessary policies are efforts to lower trade costs so that trade can once again become a robust engine of growth. This year marks the 30th anniversary of the Global Economic Prospects. The Global Economic Prospects is a World Bank Group Flagship Report that examines global economic developments and prospects, with a special focus on emerging market and developing economies, on a semiannual basis (in January and June). Each edition includes analytical pieces on topical policy challenges faced by these economies. |
| economics in el salvador: The Economics of Global Warming William R. Cline, 1992 This study examines the costs and benefits of an aggressive program of global action to limit the greenhouse effect. Cline summarizes the issues from the standpoint of an economist and estimates the damages of long-term warming. |
| economics in el salvador: Economic Policy for Building Peace James K. Boyce, 2023 The authors analyze the tensions between economic policy and peace building in El Salvador and draw lessons for postconflict transitions elsewhere. |
| economics in el salvador: Economics [4 volumes] David A. Dieterle, 2017-03-27 A comprehensive four-volume resource that explains more than 800 topics within the foundations of economics, macroeconomics, microeconomics, and global economics, all presented in an easy-to-read format. As the global economy becomes increasingly complex, interconnected, and therefore relevant to each individual, in every country, it becomes more important to be economically literate—to gain an understanding of how things work beyond the microcosm of the economic needs of a single individual or family unit. This expansive reference set serves to establish basic economic literacy of students and researchers, providing more than 800 objective and factually driven entries on all the major themes and topics in economics. Written by leading scholars and practitioners, the set provides readers with a framework for understanding economics as mentioned and debated in the public forum and media. Each of the volumes includes coverage of important events throughout economic history, biographies of the major economists who have shaped the world of economics, and highlights of the legislative acts that have shaped the U.S. economy throughout history. The extensive explanations of major economic concepts combined with selected key historical primary source documents and a glossary will endow readers with a fuller comprehension of our economic world. |
| economics in el salvador: Economics Tony Cleaver, 2004 Offering an introduction to key issues in contemporary economics, this volume includes case studies ranging from coffee plantations in El Salvador to the international oil industry & the economic slowdown of Japan. |
| economics in el salvador: El Salvador International Monetary Fund, 1998-05-29 This paper analyzes economic developments in El Salvador during 1990–97. The paper assesses the prospects of the Salvadoran economy in facing the new challenges coming from its reinsertion into the global economy. The paper describes the evolution of trade competitiveness and evaluates the divergence from equilibrium of the real effective exchange rate. It concludes that the exchange rate behavior in the last decade appears to have followed roughly the path predicted by a long-term equilibrium exchange rate model consistent with a current account deficit of about 2 percent of GDP. |
| economics in el salvador: At Your Service? Gaurav Nayyar, Mary Hallward-Driemeier, Elwyn Davies, 2021-10-18 Manufacturing-led development has provided the traditional model for creating jobs and prosperity. But in the past three decades the conventional pattern of structural transformation has changed, with the services sector growing faster than the manufacturing sector. This raises critical questions about the ability of developing economies to close productivity gaps with advanced economies and to create good jobs for more people. At Your Service? The Promise of Services-Led Development (www.worldbank.org/services-led-development) assesses the scope of a services-driven development model and policy directions that can maximize the model’s potential. |
| economics in el salvador: Water, Security and U.S. Foreign Policy David Reed, 2017-06-26 The prosperity and national security of the United States depend directly on the prosperity and stability of both partner and competing countries around the world. Today, U.S. interests are under rising pressure from water scarcity, extreme weather events and water-driven ecological change in key geographies of strategic interest to the U.S. Those water-driven stresses are undermining economic productivity, weakening governance systems and fraying social cohesion in scores of countries and, in the process, undermining the vitality of rural livelihoods, fostering local and ethnic conflicts, driving broad migratory movements and contributing to the growth of insurgencies and terrorist networks. While the U.S. intelligence community has steadily expanded natural resource concerns in their global threat analyses, our overseas development assistance remains locked into provision of water and hygienic services rather than responding to the full sweep of global water challenges including governance and policy failures, growing conflicts over water and the need for promoting sustainable transboundary water arrangements in partner countries. A fundamental departure from the past is urgently needed. Based on 18 case studies, Water, Security and U.S. Foreign Policy provides an analytical framework to help policy makers, scholars and researchers studying the intersection of U.S. foreign policy with the environment and sustainability issues, interpret the impacts of water-driven social disruptions on the stability of partner governments and U.S. interests abroad. The book also delivers specific recommendations to reorient U.S. development and diplomatic engagements that can forestall and prevent social disruptions and ensuing threats to U.S. prosperity and national security. |
| economics in el salvador: An Evolutionary Theory of Economic Change Richard R. Nelson, 1985-10-15 This book contains the most sustained and serious attack on mainstream, neoclassical economics in more than forty years. Nelson and Winter focus their critique on the basic question of how firms and industries change overtime. They marshal significant objections to the fundamental neoclassical assumptions of profit maximization and market equilibrium, which they find ineffective in the analysis of technological innovation and the dynamics of competition among firms. To replace these assumptions, they borrow from biology the concept of natural selection to construct a precise and detailed evolutionary theory of business behavior. They grant that films are motivated by profit and engage in search for ways of improving profits, but they do not consider them to be profit maximizing. Likewise, they emphasize the tendency for the more profitable firms to drive the less profitable ones out of business, but they do not focus their analysis on hypothetical states of industry equilibrium. The results of their new paradigm and analytical framework are impressive. Not only have they been able to develop more coherent and powerful models of competitive firm dynamics under conditions of growth and technological change, but their approach is compatible with findings in psychology and other social sciences. Finally, their work has important implications for welfare economics and for government policy toward industry. |
| economics in el salvador: Capital Markets and Portfolio Investment , 1996 |
| economics in el salvador: Infrastructure Economics and Policy Jose A. Gomez-Ibanez, Zhi Liu, 2021-12 In this comparison of infrastructure across countries and sectors, leading international academics and practitioners consider the latest approaches to infrastructure policy, implementation, and finance. The book presents evidence-based solutions and policy considerations, essential concepts and economic theories, and a current overview. |
| economics in el salvador: A Modern Guide to the Economics of Crime Buonanno, Paolo, Vanin, Paolo, Vargas, Juan, 2022-10-14 A Modern Guide to the Economics of Crime discusses the evolution of a field, whose growing relevance among scholars and policymakers is partly related to the persistence of crime and violence around the world and partly to the remarkable progress made in recent years in the economic analysis of individual and organised crime. With contributions from some of the leading scholars in the economics of crime, the volume highlights a variety of topics, conceptual frameworks and empirical approaches, thus providing a comprehensive overview of the most recent developments of the field. |
| economics in el salvador: Toward a Just Society Martin Guzman, 2018-08-28 Joseph Stiglitz is one of the world’s greatest economists. He has made fundamental contributions to economic theory in areas such as inequality, the implications of imperfect and asymmetric information, and competition, and he has been a major figure in policy making, a leading public intellectual, and a remarkably influential teacher and mentor. This collection of essays influenced by Stiglitz’s work celebrates his career as a scholar and teacher and his aspiration to put economic knowledge in the service of creating a fairer world. Toward a Just Society brings together a range of essays whose breadth reflects how Stiglitz has shaped modern economics. The contributions to this volume, all penned by high-profile authors who have been guided by or collaborated with Stiglitz over the last five decades, span microeconomics, macroeconomics, inequality, development, law and economics, and public policy. Touching on many of the central debates and discoveries of the field and providing insights on the directions that academic economics could take in the future, Toward a Just Society is an extraordinary celebration of the many paths Stiglitz has opened for economics, politics, and public life. |
| economics in el salvador: The Economics of Arms Keith Hartley, 2017 This book explains how the arms industry makes its money. Keith Hartley offers an authoritative nontechnical introduction to the economics of arms industries and considers future trends, such as whether arms industries are better under state or private ownership, and how they can meet the challenge of new threats in different forms. |
| economics in el salvador: Background Notes, El Salvador , 1993 |
| economics in el salvador: Background Notes, El Salvador United States. Department of State. Bureau of Public Affairs, 1981 |
| economics in el salvador: Economics: The Basics Tony Cleaver, 2014-08-27 Now in its third edition, Economics: The Basics continues to provide an engaging and topical introduction to the key issues in contemporary economics. Fully updated to take into account the global recession, ongoing problems in Eurozone economies, changing patterns in world trade, housing and currency markets, it covers fundamental issues, including: • How different economic systems function • The boom and bust cycle of market economies • The impact of emerging markets • How price, supply and demand interact • The role of the banking and finance industry • Whether we can emerge from recession and reduce poverty • The impact of economics on the environment With a glossary of terms, suggestions for further reading and new case studies covering subjects such as the choices facing developing economies, the impact of growth on the price of natural resources and the aftermath of the financial crash; this comprehensive and accessible guide is essential reading for anyone who wants to understand how economics works. |
| economics in el salvador: The Mystery of Capital Hernando De Soto, 2007-03-20 A renowned economist argues for the importance of property rights in the most intelligent book yet written about the current challenge of establishing capitalism in the developing world (Economist) The hour of capitalism's greatest triumph, writes Hernando de Soto, is, in the eyes of four-fifths of humanity, its hour of crisis. In The Mystery of Capital, the world-famous Peruvian economist takes up one of the most pressing questions the world faces today: Why do some countries succeed at capitalism while others fail? In strong opposition to the popular view that success is determined by cultural differences, de Soto finds that it actually has everything to do with the legal structure of property and property rights. Every developed nation in the world at one time went through the transformation from predominantly extralegal property arrangements, such as squatting on large estates, to a formal, unified legal property system. In the West we've forgotten that creating this system is what allowed people everywhere to leverage property into wealth. This persuasive book revolutionized our understanding of capital and points the way to a major transformation of the world economy. |
EL SALVADOR 1. General trends - Comisión Económica para …
In March 2021, El Salvador embarked on discussions that remain ongoing with the IMF to obtain a US$ 1.3 billion extended fund facility (EFF) credit arrangement, which would cover budget …
Panorama de oportunidades EL SALVADOR - Inter-American …
PIB aumentó 2,6 por ciento en 2022. Aunque este incremento resulta modesto frente a paí-ses de similar desarrollo, es un paso importante para superar el estancamiento que había experimentado …
EL SALVADOR Key conditions and challenges External …
El Salvador is a small, dollarized economy, with one of the highest remitance net in-flows in the world (26.2 percent of GDP). The country also had one of the highest homicide rates in the world …
INFORME ECONOMICO MENSUAL
El Informe Económico Mensual (IEM) contiene los resultados de variables e indicadores económicos elaborados por el Banco Central de Reserva durante abril de 2023 referidas en su mayoría a …
El Salvador’s Drivers of Poverty: Low Levels of Education, Lack …
El Salvador has advanced access to basic public services but fails to ameliorate the threats of poverty that negatively impact social development. This article reviews explanations for why
EL SALVADOR - World Bank
El Salvador’s GDP rebounded in 2021, largely fueled by remitances. Growth prospects are threatened by high debt and financing needs, slow progress on produc-tivity-enhancing reforms, …
ANÁLISIS SOCIOECONÓMICO DE EL SALVADO R
La séptima edición del Análisis Socioeconómico de El Salvador (ASES) es un esfuerzo en esta última dirección. La incertidumbre, la continua variación en la información disponible
Situación de la economía salvadoreña - ANEP
¿Qué sostiene a la economía salvadoreña? II. Factores que actúan en contra de la recuperación económica. Fuente: Banco Central de Reserva. *Dato a junio 2021. ¿Quién pagará la deuda …
EL SALVADOR 1. General trends - Comisión Económica para …
The economy of El Salvador enjoyed a significant economic recovery in 2021: it recorded a growth rate of 10.3% after contracting by 8.2% in 2020, taking it back above its pre-pandemic levels. …
INFORME DE LA SITUACIÓN ECONÓMICA DE EL SALVADOR
En lo que respecta a la economía salvadoreña, el PIB al primer trimestre mostró una ligera desaceleración, lo cual no se observaba desde el año 2016, con tasas por debajo del 1%.
IMF Country Report No. 20/106 EL SALVADOR
In 2020 the Salvadoran economy is expected to contract by 5.4 percent—73⁄4 percentage points below pre-COVID projections. A recovery is projected to start in 2021 and continue over the …
Education as an Engine of Economic Development: Global …
El Salvador has undergone dramatic social, economic and political transformations in the last three decades. Alter a period of social conflict that led to a severe drop of per-capita income, the …
Profiles El Salvador - World Bank
With a limited natural resource base and no remaining ag-ricultural frontier, the country has recently experi-enced major economic disruptions as a result of natu-ral disasters (hurricane Mitch in …
Agricultural Productivity in El Salvador: a Preliminary Analysis
This paper estimates micro-level production models to identify the major factors that have contributed to productivity growth in El Salvador, including irrigation, purchased inputs, …
El Salvador - Comisión Económica para América Latina y el …
El Salvador The Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) expects El Salvador’s economy to grow by 2.6% in 2022, after expanding by 10.3% in 2021.
El Salvador
El Salvador The Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) calculates that the Salvadoran economy will grow by 10% in 2021, following a 7.9% contraction in 2020. This …
IMF Country Report No. 22/20 EL SALVADOR
The economy is rebounding strongly, and El Salvador has one of the lowest rates of COVID-19 infection and mortality in the region. Directors cautioned that fiscal vulnerabilities—stemming …
Official Dollarization as a Monetary Regime: Its Effects on El …
El Salvador’s decision to make the U.S. dollar its official currency was made in the context of sound macroeconomic fundamentals. Inflation was low and stable, the economy was growing, public …
EL SALVADOR - Comisión Económica para América Latina y el …
La economía de El Salvador registró una expansión del 2,6% en 2022, inferior al 11,2% de 2021. Esta marcada disminución se explica principalmente por la disipación estadística del nivel de …
EL SALVADOR 1. General trends - Comisión Económica para …
In March 2021, El Salvador embarked on discussions that remain ongoing with the IMF to obtain a US$ 1.3 billion extended fund facility (EFF) credit arrangement, which would cover budget …
ECONOMICS AND FINANCE BITCOIN AND IN EL SALVADOR
The COVID-19 pandemic came to El Salvador to alter any possible previously existing tax planning 11 and to exacerbate fiscal problems in debt issues. According to the Economic …
Panorama de oportunidades EL SALVADOR - Inter-American …
PIB aumentó 2,6 por ciento en 2022. Aunque este incremento resulta modesto frente a paí-ses de similar desarrollo, es un paso importante para superar el estancamiento que había …
EL SALVADOR Key conditions and challenges External …
El Salvador is a small, dollarized economy, with one of the highest remitance net in-flows in the world (26.2 percent of GDP). The country also had one of the highest homicide rates in the …
INFORME ECONOMICO MENSUAL
El Informe Económico Mensual (IEM) contiene los resultados de variables e indicadores económicos elaborados por el Banco Central de Reserva durante abril de 2023 referidas en …
El Salvador’s Drivers of Poverty: Low Levels of Education, Lack …
El Salvador has advanced access to basic public services but fails to ameliorate the threats of poverty that negatively impact social development. This article reviews explanations for why
EL SALVADOR - World Bank
El Salvador’s GDP rebounded in 2021, largely fueled by remitances. Growth prospects are threatened by high debt and financing needs, slow progress on produc-tivity-enhancing …
ANÁLISIS SOCIOECONÓMICO DE EL SALVADO R
La séptima edición del Análisis Socioeconómico de El Salvador (ASES) es un esfuerzo en esta última dirección. La incertidumbre, la continua variación en la información disponible
Situación de la economía salvadoreña - ANEP
¿Qué sostiene a la economía salvadoreña? II. Factores que actúan en contra de la recuperación económica. Fuente: Banco Central de Reserva. *Dato a junio 2021. ¿Quién pagará la deuda …
EL SALVADOR 1. General trends - Comisión Económica para …
The economy of El Salvador enjoyed a significant economic recovery in 2021: it recorded a growth rate of 10.3% after contracting by 8.2% in 2020, taking it back above its pre-pandemic …
INFORME DE LA SITUACIÓN ECONÓMICA DE EL SALVADOR
En lo que respecta a la economía salvadoreña, el PIB al primer trimestre mostró una ligera desaceleración, lo cual no se observaba desde el año 2016, con tasas por debajo del 1%.
IMF Country Report No. 20/106 EL SALVADOR
In 2020 the Salvadoran economy is expected to contract by 5.4 percent—73⁄4 percentage points below pre-COVID projections. A recovery is projected to start in 2021 and continue over the …
Education as an Engine of Economic Development: Global …
El Salvador has undergone dramatic social, economic and political transformations in the last three decades. Alter a period of social conflict that led to a severe drop of per-capita income, …
Profiles El Salvador - World Bank
With a limited natural resource base and no remaining ag-ricultural frontier, the country has recently experi-enced major economic disruptions as a result of natu-ral disasters (hurricane …
Agricultural Productivity in El Salvador: a Preliminary Analysis
This paper estimates micro-level production models to identify the major factors that have contributed to productivity growth in El Salvador, including irrigation, purchased inputs, …
El Salvador - Comisión Económica para América Latina y el …
El Salvador The Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) expects El Salvador’s economy to grow by 2.6% in 2022, after expanding by 10.3% in 2021.
El Salvador
El Salvador The Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) calculates that the Salvadoran economy will grow by 10% in 2021, following a 7.9% contraction in 2020. …
IMF Country Report No. 22/20 EL SALVADOR
The economy is rebounding strongly, and El Salvador has one of the lowest rates of COVID-19 infection and mortality in the region. Directors cautioned that fiscal vulnerabilities—stemming …
Official Dollarization as a Monetary Regime: Its Effects on El …
El Salvador’s decision to make the U.S. dollar its official currency was made in the context of sound macroeconomic fundamentals. Inflation was low and stable, the economy was growing, …
EL SALVADOR - Comisión Económica para América Latina y …
La economía de El Salvador registró una expansión del 2,6% en 2022, inferior al 11,2% de 2021. Esta marcada disminución se explica principalmente por la disipación estadística del nivel de …
