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| effect of the law: The Brussels Effect Anu Bradford, 2020-01-27 For many observers, the European Union is mired in a deep crisis. Between sluggish growth; political turmoil following a decade of austerity politics; Brexit; and the rise of Asian influence, the EU is seen as a declining power on the world stage. Columbia Law professor Anu Bradford argues the opposite in her important new book The Brussels Effect: the EU remains an influential superpower that shapes the world in its image. By promulgating regulations that shape the international business environment, elevating standards worldwide, and leading to a notable Europeanization of many important aspects of global commerce, the EU has managed to shape policy in areas such as data privacy, consumer health and safety, environmental protection, antitrust, and online hate speech. And in contrast to how superpowers wield their global influence, the Brussels Effect - a phrase first coined by Bradford in 2012- absolves the EU from playing a direct role in imposing standards, as market forces alone are often sufficient as multinational companies voluntarily extend the EU rule to govern their global operations. The Brussels Effect shows how the EU has acquired such power, why multinational companies use EU standards as global standards, and why the EU's role as the world's regulator is likely to outlive its gradual economic decline, extending the EU's influence long into the future. |
| effect of the law: The Law of Good People Yuval Feldman, 2018-06-07 This book argues that overcoming people's inability to recognize their own wrongdoing is the most important but regrettably neglected area of the behavioral approach to law. |
| effect of the law: Encyclopedia of Child Behavior and Development Sam Goldstein, Jack A. Naglieri, 2010-11-23 This reference work breaks new ground as an electronic resource. Utterly comprehensive, it serves as a repository of knowledge in the field as well as a frequently updated conduit of new material long before it finds its way into standard textbooks. |
| effect of the law: Pauperism: is it the effect of a law of Nature, or of human laws and customs which are in opposition to Nature?. , 1849 |
| effect of the law: Model Rules of Professional Conduct American Bar Association. House of Delegates, Center for Professional Responsibility (American Bar Association), 2007 The Model Rules of Professional Conduct provides an up-to-date resource for information on legal ethics. Federal, state and local courts in all jurisdictions look to the Rules for guidance in solving lawyer malpractice cases, disciplinary actions, disqualification issues, sanctions questions and much more. In this volume, black-letter Rules of Professional Conduct are followed by numbered Comments that explain each Rule's purpose and provide suggestions for its practical application. The Rules will help you identify proper conduct in a variety of given situations, review those instances where discretionary action is possible, and define the nature of the relationship between you and your clients, colleagues and the courts. |
| effect of the law: The Law of Effect Harvey A. Carr, Elmer A. H. Culler, 1938 |
| effect of the law: The Common Law Oliver Wendell Holmes, 1909 |
| effect of the law: The Concept of Law Herbert Lionel Adolphus Hart, 1961 |
| effect of the law: The Color of Law: A Forgotten History of How Our Government Segregated America Richard Rothstein, 2017-05-02 New York Times Bestseller • Notable Book of the Year • Editors' Choice Selection One of Bill Gates’ “Amazing Books” of the Year One of Publishers Weekly’s 10 Best Books of the Year Longlisted for the National Book Award for Nonfiction An NPR Best Book of the Year Winner of the Hillman Prize for Nonfiction Gold Winner • California Book Award (Nonfiction) Finalist • Los Angeles Times Book Prize (History) Finalist • Brooklyn Public Library Literary Prize This “powerful and disturbing history” exposes how American governments deliberately imposed racial segregation on metropolitan areas nationwide (New York Times Book Review). Widely heralded as a “masterful” (Washington Post) and “essential” (Slate) history of the modern American metropolis, Richard Rothstein’s The Color of Law offers “the most forceful argument ever published on how federal, state, and local governments gave rise to and reinforced neighborhood segregation” (William Julius Wilson). Exploding the myth of de facto segregation arising from private prejudice or the unintended consequences of economic forces, Rothstein describes how the American government systematically imposed residential segregation: with undisguised racial zoning; public housing that purposefully segregated previously mixed communities; subsidies for builders to create whites-only suburbs; tax exemptions for institutions that enforced segregation; and support for violent resistance to African Americans in white neighborhoods. A groundbreaking, “virtually indispensable” study that has already transformed our understanding of twentieth-century urban history (Chicago Daily Observer), The Color of Law forces us to face the obligation to remedy our unconstitutional past. |
| effect of the law: Failing Law Schools Brian Z. Tamanaha, 2012-06-18 “An essential title for anyone thinking of law school or concerned with America's dysfunctional legal system.” —Library Journal On the surface, law schools today are thriving. Enrollments are on the rise and law professors are among the highest paid. Yet behind the flourishing facade, law schools are failing abjectly. Recent front-page stories have detailed widespread dubious practices, including false reporting of LSAT and GPA scores, misleading placement reports, and the fundamental failure to prepare graduates to enter the profession. Addressing all these problems and more is renowned legal scholar Brian Z. Tamanaha. Piece by piece, Tamanaha lays out the how and why of the crisis and the likely consequences if the current trend continues. The out-of-pocket cost of obtaining a law degree at many schools now approaches $200,000. The average law school graduate’s debt is around $100,000—the highest it has ever been—while the legal job market is the worst in decades. Growing concern with the crisis in legal education has led to high-profile coverage in the Wall Street Journal and the New York Times, and many observers expect it soon will be the focus of congressional scrutiny. Bringing to the table his years of experience from within the legal academy, Tamanaha provides the perfect resource for assessing what’s wrong with law schools and figuring out how to fix them. “Failing Law Schools presents a comprehensive case for the negative side of the legal education debate and I am sure that many legal academics and every law school dean will be talking about it.” —Stanley Fish, Florida International University College of Law |
| effect of the law: Law as a Means to an End Brian Z. Tamanaha, 2006-10-02 The contemporary US legal culture is marked by ubiquitous battles among various groups attempting to seize control of the law and wield it against others in pursuit of their particular agenda. This battle takes place in administrative, legislative, and judicial arenas at both the state and federal levels. This book identifies the underlying source of these battles in the spread of the instrumental view of law - the idea that law is purely a means to an end - in a context of sharp disagreement over the social good. It traces the rise of the instrumental view of law in the course of the past two centuries, then demonstrates the pervasiveness of this view of law and its implications within the contemporary legal culture, and ends by showing the various ways in which seeing law in purely instrumental terms threatens to corrode the rule of law. |
| effect of the law: The Effect of State Ethics Rules on Federal Law Enforcement United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Criminal Justice Oversight, 1999 |
| effect of the law: Laws of UX Jon Yablonski, 2020-04-21 An understanding of psychology—specifically the psychology behind how users behave and interact with digital interfaces—is perhaps the single most valuable nondesign skill a designer can have. The most elegant design can fail if it forces users to conform to the design rather than working within the blueprint of how humans perceive and process the world around them. This practical guide explains how you can apply key principles in psychology to build products and experiences that are more intuitive and human-centered. Author Jon Yablonski deconstructs familiar apps and experiences to provide clear examples of how UX designers can build experiences that adapt to how users perceive and process digital interfaces. You’ll learn: How aesthetically pleasing design creates positive responses The principles from psychology most useful for designers How these psychology principles relate to UX heuristics Predictive models including Fitts’s law, Jakob’s law, and Hick’s law Ethical implications of using psychology in design A framework for applying these principles |
| effect of the law: Comparing the Prospective Effect of Judicial Rulings Across Jurisdictions Eva Steiner, 2015-05-05 This work deals with the temporal effect of judicial decisions and more specifically, with the hardship caused by the retroactive operation of overruling decisions. By means of a jurisprudential and comparative analysis, the book explores several issues created by the overruling of earlier decisions. Overruling of earlier decisions, when it occurs, operates retrospectively with the effect that it infringes the principle of legal certainty through upsetting any previous arrangements made by a party to a case under long standing precedents established previously by the courts. On this account, in the recent past, a number of jurisdictions have had to deal with the prospect of introducing in their own systems the well-established US practice of prospective overruling whereby the court may announce in advance that it will change the relevant rule or interpretation of the rule but only for future cases. However, adopting prospective overruling raises a series of issues mainly related to the constitutional limits of the judicial function coupled by the practical difficulties attendant upon such a practice. This book answers a number of the questions raised by this practice. It makes use of the great reservoir of foreign legal experience that furnishes theoretical and practical ideas from which national judges may draw their knowledge and inspiration in order to be able to advise a rational method of dealing with time when they give their decisions. |
| effect of the law: The Effect on English Domestic Law of Membership of the European Communities and of Ratification of the European Convention on Human Rights Michael P. Furmston, Roger Kerridge, B. E. Sufrin, 1983-02-05 Douglas and Stephen Jones. |
| effect of the law: The Law of Cause and Effect. A Lecture Charles Webster Leadbeater, 1903 |
| effect of the law: Is Administrative Law Unlawful? Philip Hamburger, 2014-05-27 “Hamburger argues persuasively that America has overlaid its constitutional system with a form of governance that is both alien and dangerous.” —Law and Politics Book Review While the federal government traditionally could constrain liberty only through acts of Congress and the courts, the executive branch has increasingly come to control Americans through its own administrative rules and adjudication, thus raising disturbing questions about the effect of this sort of state power on American government and society. With Is Administrative Law Unlawful?, Philip Hamburger answers this question in the affirmative, offering a revisionist account of administrative law. Rather than accepting it as a novel power necessitated by modern society, he locates its origins in the medieval and early modern English tradition of royal prerogative. Then he traces resistance to administrative law from the Middle Ages to the present. Medieval parliaments periodically tried to confine the Crown to governing through regular law, but the most effective response was the seventeenth-century development of English constitutional law, which concluded that the government could rule only through the law of the land and the courts, not through administrative edicts. Although the US Constitution pursued this conclusion even more vigorously, administrative power reemerged in the Progressive and New Deal Eras. Since then, Hamburger argues, administrative law has returned American government and society to precisely the sort of consolidated or absolute power that the US Constitution—and constitutions in general—were designed to prevent. With a clear yet many-layered argument that draws on history, law, and legal thought, Is Administrative Law Unlawful? reveals administrative law to be not a benign, natural outgrowth of contemporary government but a pernicious—and profoundly unlawful—return to dangerous pre-constitutional absolutism. |
| effect of the law: Federal Preemption of State and Local Law James T. O'Reilly, 2006 Preemption is a doctrine of American constitutional law, under which states and local governments are deprived of their power to act in a given area, whether or not the state or local law, rule or action is in direct conflict with federal law. This book covers not only the basics of preemption but also focuses on such topics as federal mechanisms for agency preemption, implied forms of preemption, and defensive use of federal preemption in civil litigation. |
| effect of the law: The President and Immigration Law Adam B. Cox, Cristina M. Rodríguez, 2020-08-04 Who controls American immigration policy? The biggest immigration controversies of the last decade have all involved policies produced by the President policies such as President Obama's decision to protect Dreamers from deportation and President Trump's proclamation banning immigrants from several majority-Muslim nations. While critics of these policies have been separated by a vast ideological chasm, their broadsides have embodied the same widely shared belief: that Congress, not the President, ought to dictate who may come to the United States and who will be forced to leave. This belief is a myth. In The President and Immigration Law, Adam B. Cox and Cristina M. Rodríguez chronicle the untold story of how, over the course of two centuries, the President became our immigration policymaker-in-chief. Diving deep into the history of American immigration policy from founding-era disputes over deporting sympathizers with France to contemporary debates about asylum-seekers at the Southern border they show how migration crises, real or imagined, have empowered presidents. Far more importantly, they also uncover how the Executive's ordinary power to decide when to enforce the law, and against whom, has become an extraordinarily powerful vehicle for making immigration policy. This pathbreaking account helps us understand how the United States ?has come to run an enormous shadow immigration system-one in which nearly half of all noncitizens in the country are living in violation of the law. It also provides a blueprint for reform, one that accepts rather than laments the role the President plays in shaping the national community, while also outlining strategies to curb the abuse of law enforcement authority in immigration and beyond. |
| effect of the law: Animal Intelligence Edward Lee Thorndike, 1911 |
| effect of the law: Parkinson's Law C. Northcote Parkinson, 1984-02-12 |
| effect of the law: Murphy's Law, Doctors Arthur Bloch, 2000 Murphy's Law strikes again! From malpractice to measles, Bloch muses on on the fact that anything that can go wrong in the medical world will. |
| effect of the law: Report of the Federal Communications Commission on the Effect of Public Law 93-107, the Sports Antiblackout Law on the Broadcasting of Sold-out Home Games of Professional Football, Baseball, Basketball, and Hockey, Printed for the Use of ..., 93-2, April 1974 United States. Congress. Senate. Commerce, United States. Federal Communications Commission, 1974 |
| effect of the law: The Morality of Law Lon Luvois Fuller, 2004 |
| effect of the law: The Evolution of EU Law Paul P. Craig, Gráinne De Búrca, 2011 The European Union has undergone major changes in the last decade, including Treaty reform, and a significant expansion of activity in foreign and security policy, and justice and home affairs. In the first edition of this influential textbook, a team of leading lawyers and political scientists reflected upon the important developments in their chosen area over the time since the EC was formed. This new edition continues this analysis ten years on. Taking into account the social and political background, and without losing sight of the changes that came before, in each chapter the contributors analyze the principle themes and assess the legal and political forces that have shaped its development. Each author addresses a specific topic, event, or theme, from the European Court of Justice to Treaty reform; the enlargement of the EU to administrative law; the effect of EU law on culture to climate change. Together the chapters tell the story of the rapid development of EU law - its past, present, and future. |
| effect of the law: Does Regulation Kill Jobs? Cary Coglianese, Adam M. Finkel, Christopher Carrigan, 2014-01-06 As millions of Americans struggle to find work in the wake of the Great Recession, politicians from both parties look to regulation in search of an economic cure. Some claim that burdensome regulations undermine private sector competitiveness and job growth, while others argue that tough new regulations actually create jobs at the same time that they provide other benefits. Does Regulation Kill Jobs? reveals the complex reality of regulation that supports neither partisan view. Leading legal scholars, economists, political scientists, and policy analysts show that individual regulations can at times induce employment shifts across firms, sectors, and regions—but regulation overall is neither a prime job killer nor a key job creator. The challenge for policymakers is to look carefully at individual regulatory proposals to discern any job shifting they may cause and then to make regulatory decisions sensitive to anticipated employment effects. Drawing on their analyses, contributors recommend methods for obtaining better estimates of job impacts when evaluating regulatory costs and benefits. They also assess possible ways of reforming regulatory institutions and processes to take better account of employment effects in policy decision-making. Does Regulation Kills Jobs? tackles what has become a heated partisan issue with exactly the kind of careful analysis policymakers need in order to make better policy decisions, providing insights that will benefit both politicians and citizens who seek economic growth as well as the protection of public health and safety, financial security, environmental sustainability, and other civic goals. Contributors: Matthew D. Adler, Joseph E. Aldy, Christopher Carrigan, Cary Coglianese, E. Donald Elliott, Rolf Färe, Ann Ferris, Adam M. Finkel, Wayne B. Gray, Shawna Grosskopf, Michael A. Livermore, Brian F. Mannix, Jonathan S. Masur, Al McGartland, Richard Morgenstern, Carl A. Pasurka, Jr., William A. Pizer, Eric A. Posner, Lisa A. Robinson, Jason A. Schwartz, Ronald J. Shadbegian, Stuart Shapiro. |
| effect of the law: Horizontal Effect of Fundamental Rights in EU Law Sonya Walkila, 2016 The Court of Justice strives to interpret and apply the law in a way which contributes to a build-up of a coherent case law and conforms to fundamental rights as closely as possible. The immediate source of the jeopardising act or degree of the incurred effects should not prove decisive. Rather, the horizontal effect of fundamental rights contributes to the ‘primacy, unity and effectiveness of European Union law’. This study suggests it is feasible to consider the horizontal effect of fundamental rights in the context of EU law. However, because of the semantic and structural openness of fundamental right norms they often necessitate the deduction of a more concrete normative content. This concretization of abstract norms makes adjudicating on the basis of fundamental rights a delicate matter, since it gives great power to the courts. Where this power is extended to the area which typically falls in the sphere of private law, it grows even stronger. |
| effect of the law: United States Code United States, 1989 |
| effect of the law: How We Learn Benedict Carey, 2014-09-09 In the tradition of The Power of Habit and Thinking, Fast and Slow comes a practical, playful, and endlessly fascinating guide to what we really know about learning and memory today—and how we can apply it to our own lives. From an early age, it is drilled into our heads: Restlessness, distraction, and ignorance are the enemies of success. We’re told that learning is all self-discipline, that we must confine ourselves to designated study areas, turn off the music, and maintain a strict ritual if we want to ace that test, memorize that presentation, or nail that piano recital. But what if almost everything we were told about learning is wrong? And what if there was a way to achieve more with less effort? In How We Learn, award-winning science reporter Benedict Carey sifts through decades of education research and landmark studies to uncover the truth about how our brains absorb and retain information. What he discovers is that, from the moment we are born, we are all learning quickly, efficiently, and automatically; but in our zeal to systematize the process we have ignored valuable, naturally enjoyable learning tools like forgetting, sleeping, and daydreaming. Is a dedicated desk in a quiet room really the best way to study? Can altering your routine improve your recall? Are there times when distraction is good? Is repetition necessary? Carey’s search for answers to these questions yields a wealth of strategies that make learning more a part of our everyday lives—and less of a chore. By road testing many of the counterintuitive techniques described in this book, Carey shows how we can flex the neural muscles that make deep learning possible. Along the way he reveals why teachers should give final exams on the first day of class, why it’s wise to interleave subjects and concepts when learning any new skill, and when it’s smarter to stay up late prepping for that presentation than to rise early for one last cram session. And if this requires some suspension of disbelief, that’s because the research defies what we’ve been told, throughout our lives, about how best to learn. The brain is not like a muscle, at least not in any straightforward sense. It is something else altogether, sensitive to mood, to timing, to circadian rhythms, as well as to location and environment. It doesn’t take orders well, to put it mildly. If the brain is a learning machine, then it is an eccentric one. In How We Learn, Benedict Carey shows us how to exploit its quirks to our advantage. |
| effect of the law: The Law as a Behavioral Instrument Gary B. Melton, 1986-01-01 The effect of the law on human behavior is contemporary society?nothing less is the concern of this important book. It is curious that scholars in psychology and law have largely neglected this topic because studies of the effects of law on behavior may have much to teach about the role of social regulation in human motivation more generally. Similarly, such studies may offer jurisprudential scholars new ways of thinking about the role of law in human experience.øHere seven leading experts on law and the social sciences discuss the contributions their research c an make to the legal system. Concerned with the relationship between the law and both individual and group behavior, they examine the law as an instrument of social stasis and social change and as an element of personal motivation. The result is a major step toward the development of a psychology of jurisprudence. The scope of this book is in the best tradition of the Nebraska Symposium on Motivation and a fitting celebration of the tenth anniversary of the University of Nebraska-Lincoln's Law/Psychology Program, the first integrated graduate training program in psycho-legal studies. Drawing from law, anthropology, sociology, psychology, and philosophy, the contributors take a truly interdisciplinary approach to understanding the instrumentality of law. |
| effect of the law: The Law of Nations Emer de Vattel, 1856 |
| effect of the law: The Principle of Loyalty in EU Law Marcus Klamert, 2014 The principle of loyalty requires the EU and its Member States to co-operate sincerely towards the implementation of EU law. Under the principle, the European courts have developed significant public law duties on States to deepen the reach of EU law. This is the first full-length analysis of the loyalty principle and its legal implications. |
| effect of the law: Direct Effect Of European Law Christopher J M Smith, 2013-10-28 First Published in 1995. This is Volume II of a series on Environmental Technology. The series will be of use to operators of industrial processes as well as regulatory bodies and those involved in environmental consultancy, and some titles will be appropriate for degree-level courses. The generation of material wealth through industrial production carries with it inevitable impacts on the environment. The challenge to society is to reconcile these factors so as to achieve a high level of protection for the environment as a whole whilst continuing to enjoy the benefits of industrial activities. The author explores the implications of the Doctrine of Direct Effect in the context of EU directives concerning the environment. In particular, attention is focused on implementation of the Directive on pollution caused by certain dangerous substances discharged into the aquatic environment of the Community (76/464/EEC), commonly referred to as the Dangerous Substances Directive. |
| effect of the law: SOU-CCJ230 Introduction to the American Criminal Justice System Alison Burke, David Carter, Brian Fedorek, Tiffany Morey, Lore Rutz-Burri, Shanell Sanchez, 2019 |
| effect of the law: Modern Products Liability Law and Its Effect on the Accident Rate George L. Priest, 1987 |
| effect of the law: United States Attorneys' Manual United States. Department of Justice, 1985 |
| effect of the law: Effect of Tax Law on American Competitiveness United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Finance. Subcommittee on Taxation and Debt Management, 1988 |
| effect of the law: Pacific States Reports: v. 1-63. California , 1906 |
| effect of the law: At the Margins of Globalization Sergio Puig, 2021-05-13 This book explores how Indigenous Peoples are impacted by globalization and the cult of the individual that often accompanies the phenomenon. |
| effect of the law: Emergency Powers Statutes: Provisions of Federal Law Now in Effect Delegating to the Executive Extraordinary Authority in Time of National Emergency United States. Congress. Senate. Special Committee on the Termination of the National Emergency, 1973 |
effect, affect, impact 作“影响”时有什么区别？ - 知乎
effect, affect, 和 impact 三个词都既可以是动词也可以是名词。 1. effect. To effect (动词) 意味带来/产生 一些结果， ← which is an effect (名词) The new rules will effect (动词), which is an effect (名 …
Effect in or effect on - WordReference Forums
Oct 1, 2008 · On. The effect of temperature on the activity was studied. Basically the choice of preposition depends on the context, but "in" is used more often with living things, although in …
Does it effect me? vs. Does it affect me? - WordReference Forums
Apr 12, 2014 · I shall answer by giving the definition of the verb to effect. to effect vb (transitive) to cause to occur; bring about; accomplish; Example The government effected a change in the …
"with effect from" or "with effective from"? - WordReference Forums
Feb 25, 2011 · Hi, I would like to check if the phrase should be "with effect from" or "with effective from". e.g. She will station in the Mainland office with effect / effective from 7 April 2011. I think it …
cause an effect to/on | WordReference Forums
Sep 1, 2017 · Hi all, I'd like to know if it's idiomatic to use "cause" and to say "cause an effect to" or "cause an effect on", as in: Eating fast food all the time will cause a harmful effect to/on our …
Onomatopoeia for howling - WordReference Forums
Oct 31, 2007 · Hello, everyone! My question is: what written word could I use to represent dogs' or wolves' howling? For example, the voice of cat is written like "meow", but what would represent …
effective on/at/in | WordReference Forums
Dec 28, 2017 · In seems to go more with the adjective effective and on seems to go more with the noun effect. 1) The new measures have been effective in the restoration of law and order. 2) …
What is direct vs. indirect cause and effect?
Apr 4, 2015 · A direct causal relationship is one in which a variable, X, is a direct cause of another variable, Y (i.e. it is the immediate determinant of Y within the context of the theoretical system).
双向固定效应模型怎么理解？ - 知乎
这些在个体层面不随时间变化的影响因素就是所谓的个体固定效应（individual fixed effect）。 固定效应模型可以帮助我们控制在个体层面无法测量或观察的遗漏变量，只要这些变量在时间上保持恒定。
全宇宙最实用的meta分析指南 - 知乎
Jul 30, 2022 · 与其它网上流传的各类meta分析攻略不同，我不会讲如meta分析是什么之类的不实用的理论（如果实在感兴趣可以自己去网上搜索，这类内容有一卡车）。
effect, affect, impact 作“影响”时有什么区别？ - 知乎
effect, affect, 和 impact 三个词都既可以是动词也可以是名词。 1. effect. To effect (动词) 意味带来/产生 一些结果， ← which is an effect (名词) The new rules will effect (动词), which is an …
Effect in or effect on - WordReference Forums
Oct 1, 2008 · On. The effect of temperature on the activity was studied. Basically the choice of preposition depends on the context, but "in" is used more often with living things, although in …
Does it effect me? vs. Does it affect me? - WordReference Forums
Apr 12, 2014 · I shall answer by giving the definition of the verb to effect. to effect vb (transitive) to cause to occur; bring about; accomplish; Example The government effected a change in the …
"with effect from" or "with effective from"? - WordReference Forums
Feb 25, 2011 · Hi, I would like to check if the phrase should be "with effect from" or "with effective from". e.g. She will station in the Mainland office with effect / effective from 7 April 2011. I think …
cause an effect to/on | WordReference Forums
Sep 1, 2017 · Hi all, I'd like to know if it's idiomatic to use "cause" and to say "cause an effect to" or "cause an effect on", as in: Eating fast food all the time will cause a harmful effect to/on our …
Onomatopoeia for howling - WordReference Forums
Oct 31, 2007 · Hello, everyone! My question is: what written word could I use to represent dogs' or wolves' howling? For example, the voice of cat is written like "meow", but what would …
effective on/at/in | WordReference Forums
Dec 28, 2017 · In seems to go more with the adjective effective and on seems to go more with the noun effect. 1) The new measures have been effective in the restoration of law and order. 2) …
What is direct vs. indirect cause and effect?
Apr 4, 2015 · A direct causal relationship is one in which a variable, X, is a direct cause of another variable, Y (i.e. it is the immediate determinant of Y within the context of the theoretical system).
双向固定效应模型怎么理解？ - 知乎
这些在个体层面不随时间变化的影响因素就是所谓的个体固定效应（individual fixed effect）。 固定效应模型可以帮助我们控制在个体层面无法测量或观察的遗漏变量，只要这些变量在时间上 …
全宇宙最实用的meta分析指南 - 知乎
Jul 30, 2022 · 与其它网上流传的各类meta分析攻略不同，我不会讲如meta分析是什么之类的不实用的理论（如果实在感兴趣可以自己去网上搜索，这类内容有一卡车）。
