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| frontiers in physiology impact factor: Science, the Endless Frontier Vannevar Bush, 2021-02-02 The classic case for why government must support science—with a new essay by physicist and former congressman Rush Holt on what democracy needs from science today Science, the Endless Frontier is recognized as the landmark argument for the essential role of science in society and government’s responsibility to support scientific endeavors. First issued when Vannevar Bush was the director of the US Office of Scientific Research and Development during the Second World War, this classic remains vital in making the case that scientific progress is necessary to a nation’s health, security, and prosperity. Bush’s vision set the course for US science policy for more than half a century, building the world’s most productive scientific enterprise. Today, amid a changing funding landscape and challenges to science’s very credibility, Science, the Endless Frontier resonates as a powerful reminder that scientific progress and public well-being alike depend on the successful symbiosis between science and government. This timely new edition presents this iconic text alongside a new companion essay from scientist and former congressman Rush Holt, who offers a brief introduction and consideration of what society needs most from science now. Reflecting on the report’s legacy and relevance along with its limitations, Holt contends that the public’s ability to cope with today’s issues—such as public health, the changing climate and environment, and challenging technologies in modern society—requires a more capacious understanding of what science can contribute. Holt considers how scientists should think of their obligation to society and what the public should demand from science, and he calls for a renewed understanding of science’s value for democracy and society at large. A touchstone for concerned citizens, scientists, and policymakers, Science, the Endless Frontier endures as a passionate articulation of the power and potential of science. |
| frontiers in physiology impact factor: Membrane Physiology Thomas E. Andreoli, Darrell D. Fanestil, Joseph F. Hoffman, Stanley G. Schultz, 2012-12-06 Membrane Physiology (Second Edition) is a soft-cover book containing portions of Physiology of Membrane Disorders (Second Edition). The parent volume contains six major sections. This text encompasses the first three sections: The Nature of Biological Membranes, Methods for Studying Membranes, and General Problems in Membrane Biology. We hope that this smaller volume will be helpful to individuals interested in general physiology and the methods for studying general physiology. THOMAS E. ANDREOLI JOSEPH F. HOFFMAN DARRELL D. FANESTIL STANLEY G. SCHULTZ vii Preface to the Second Edition The second edition of Physiology of Membrane Disorders represents an extensive revision and a considerable expansion of the first edition. Yet the purpose of the second edition is identical to that of its predecessor, namely, to provide a rational analysis of membrane transport processes in individual membranes, cells, tissues, and organs, which in tum serves as a frame of reference for rationalizing disorders in which derangements of membrane transport processes playa cardinal role in the clinical expression of disease. As in the first edition, this book is divided into a number of individual, but closely related, sections. Part V represents a new section where the problem of transport across epithelia is treated in some detail. Finally, Part VI, which analyzes clinical derangements, has been enlarged appreciably. |
| frontiers in physiology impact factor: The Metric Tide James Wilsdon, 2016-01-20 ‘Represents the culmination of an 18-month-long project that aims to be the definitive review of this important topic. Accompanied by a scholarly literature review, some new analysis, and a wealth of evidence and insight... the report is a tour de force; a once-in-a-generation opportunity to take stock.’ – Dr Steven Hill, Head of Policy, HEFCE, LSE Impact of Social Sciences Blog ‘A must-read if you are interested in having a deeper understanding of research culture, management issues and the range of information we have on this field. It should be disseminated and discussed within institutions, disciplines and other sites of research collaboration.’ – Dr Meera Sabaratnam, Lecturer in International Relations at the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, LSE Impact of Social Sciences Blog Metrics evoke a mixed reaction from the research community. A commitment to using data and evidence to inform decisions makes many of us sympathetic, even enthusiastic, about the prospect of granular, real-time analysis of our own activities. Yet we only have to look around us at the blunt use of metrics to be reminded of the pitfalls. Metrics hold real power: they are constitutive of values, identities and livelihoods. How to exercise that power to positive ends is the focus of this book. Using extensive evidence-gathering, analysis and consultation, the authors take a thorough look at potential uses and limitations of research metrics and indicators. They explore the use of metrics across different disciplines, assess their potential contribution to the development of research excellence and impact and consider the changing ways in which universities are using quantitative indicators in their management systems. Finally, they consider the negative or unintended effects of metrics on various aspects of research culture. Including an updated introduction from James Wilsdon, the book proposes a framework for responsible metrics and makes a series of targeted recommendations to show how responsible metrics can be applied in research management, by funders, and in the next cycle of the Research Excellence Framework. The metric tide is certainly rising. Unlike King Canute, we have the agency and opportunity – and in this book, a serious body of evidence – to influence how it washes through higher education and research. |
| frontiers in physiology impact factor: Crop Physiology Case Histories for Major Crops Victor Sadras, Daniel Calderini, 2020-12-05 Crop Physiology: Case Histories of Major Crops updates the physiology of broad-acre crops with a focus on the genetic, environmental and management drivers of development, capture and efficiency in the use of radiation, water and nutrients, the formation of yield and aspects of quality. These physiological process are presented in a double context of challenges and solutions. The challenges to increase plant-based food, fodder, fiber and energy against the backdrop of population increase, climate change, dietary choices and declining public funding for research and development in agriculture are unprecedented and urgent. The proximal technological solutions to these challenges are genetic improvement and agronomy. Hence, the premise of the book is that crop physiology is most valuable when it engages meaningfully with breeding and agronomy. With contributions from 92 leading scientists from around the world, each chapter deals with a crop: maize, rice, wheat, barley, sorghum and oat; quinoa; soybean, field pea, chickpea, peanut, common bean, lentil, lupin and faba bean; sunflower and canola; potato, cassava, sugar beet and sugarcane; and cotton. - A crop-based approach to crop physiology in a G x E x M context - Captures the perspectives of global experts on 22 crops |
| frontiers in physiology impact factor: Decision Neuroscience Jean-Claude Dreher, Léon Tremblay, 2016-09-27 Decision Neuroscience addresses fundamental questions about how the brain makes perceptual, value-based, and more complex decisions in non-social and social contexts. This book presents compelling neuroimaging, electrophysiological, lesional, and neurocomputational models in combination with hormonal and genetic approaches, which have led to a clearer understanding of the neural mechanisms behind how the brain makes decisions. The five parts of the book address distinct but inter-related topics and are designed to serve both as classroom introductions to major subareas in decision neuroscience and as advanced syntheses of all that has been accomplished in the last decade. Part I is devoted to anatomical, neurophysiological, pharmacological, and optogenetics animal studies on reinforcement-guided decision making, such as the representation of instructions, expectations, and outcomes; the updating of action values; and the evaluation process guiding choices between prospective rewards. Part II covers the topic of the neural representations of motivation, perceptual decision making, and value-based decision making in humans, combining neurcomputational models and brain imaging studies. Part III focuses on the rapidly developing field of social decision neuroscience, integrating recent mechanistic understanding of social decisions in both non-human primates and humans. Part IV covers clinical aspects involving disorders of decision making that link together basic research areas including systems, cognitive, and clinical neuroscience; this part examines dysfunctions of decision making in neurological and psychiatric disorders, such as Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, behavioral addictions, and focal brain lesions. Part V focuses on the roles of various hormones (cortisol, oxytocin, ghrelin/leptine) and genes that underlie inter-individual differences observed with stress, food choices, and social decision-making processes. The volume is essential reading for anyone interested in decision making neuroscience. With contributions that are forward-looking assessments of the current and future issues faced by researchers, Decision Neuroscience is essential reading for anyone interested in decision-making neuroscience. - Provides comprehensive coverage of approaches to studying individual and social decision neuroscience, including primate neurophysiology, brain imaging in healthy humans and in various disorders, and genetic and hormonal influences on decision making - Covers multiple levels of analysis, from molecular mechanisms to neural-systems dynamics and computational models of how we make choices - Discusses clinical implications of process dysfunctions, including schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease, eating disorders, drug addiction, and pathological gambling - Features chapters from top international researchers in the field and full-color presentation throughout with numerous illustrations to highlight key concepts |
| frontiers in physiology impact factor: Frontiers in Skeletal Muscle Wasting, Regeneration and Stem Cells Carlos Hermano J. Pinheiro, Lucas Guimarães-Ferreira, 2016-05-25 The search for knowledge on cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in skeletal muscle mass homeostasis and regeneration is an exciting scientific area and extremely important to develop therapeutic strategies for neuromuscular disorders and conditions related to muscle wasting. The mechanisms involved in the regulation of skeletal muscle mass and regeneration consist of molecular signaling pathways modulating protein synthesis and degradation, bioenergetics alterations and preserved function of muscle stem cells. In the last years, different kinds of stem cells has been reported to be localized into skeletal muscle (satellite cells, mesoangioblasts, progenitor interstitial cells and others) or migrate from non-muscle sites, such as bone marrow, to muscle tissue in response to injury. In addition, myogenic progenitor cells are also activated in skeletal muscle wasting disorders. The goal of this research topic is to highlight the available knowledge regarding skeletal muscle and stem cell biology in the context of both physiological and pathological conditions. Our purpose herein is to facilitate better dissemination of research into skeletal muscle physiology field. Frontiers in Physiology is a journal indexed in: PubMed Central, Scopus, Google Scholar, DOAJ, CrossRef. |
| frontiers in physiology impact factor: Endocrinology of Aging Emiliano Corpas, Marc R. Blackman, Ricardo Correa, S. Mitchell Harman, Antonio Ruiz-Torres, 2020-09-25 According to the United Nations, the number of people aged 60 years or over in the world is projected to be 1.4 billion in 2030 and 2.1 billion in 2050. Endocrinologists and other clinicians face the challenge of caring for the elderly. To do so, they need to incorporate geriatric principles into their clinical practice. Endocrinology of Aging: Clinical Aspects in Diagrams and Images presents chapters in a way that allows the reader to incorporate concepts and main facts of complex subjects in a visual way. As the global population becomes older, the need for a deeper understanding of geriatric pathology increases, and with it, the access to educational resources for the endocrinology and metabolism of aging. - Chapters divided according to specific endocrine and metabolic systems, providing evidence-based content regarding what is known about the function of endocrine and metabolic systems altered during the aging process - Addresses physiological changes that alter the pathophysiology of the clinical picture, explaining the characteristic pathological expressions of hormonal and metabolic disorders in the advanced age - Editors and authors are clinical endocrinologists, geriatricians, internists and endocrine surgeons, with extensive global experience in clinical and experimental gerontology - Considers the patient transitioning from young adult to elderly, discussing the endocrinological challenge to discern physiology from pathology - Focuses on age as an essential factor for diagnostic and endocrine management - Includes many pictures and diagrams, making it a user-friendly reference guide for practicing physicians |
| frontiers in physiology impact factor: Host-Parasite Interactions Gert Flik, Geert Wiegertjes, 2004-07-01 This volume summarizes current research into the physiology and molecular biology of host-parasite interactions. Brought together by leading international experts in the field, the first section outlines fundamental processes, followed by specific examples in the concluding section. Covering a wide range of organisms, Host-Parasite Interactions is essential reading for researchers in the field. |
| frontiers in physiology impact factor: Heart Rate Variability: Clinical Applications and Interaction between HRV and Heart Rate Karin Trimmel, Jerzy Sacha, Heikki Veli Huikuri, 2015-10-07 Over the last decades, assessment of heart rate variability (HRV) has increased in various fields of research. HRV describes changes in heartbeat intervals, which are caused by autonomic neural regulation, i.e. by the interplay of the sympathetic and the parasympathetic nervous systems. The most frequent application of HRV is connected to cardiological issues, most importantly to the monitoring of post-myocardial infarction patients and the prediction of sudden cardiac death. Analysis of HRV is also frequently applied in relation to diabetes, renal failure, neurological and psychiatric conditions, sleep disorders, psychological phenomena such as stress, as well as drug and addiction research including alcohol and smoking. The widespread application of HRV measurements is based on the fact that they are noninvasive, easy to perform, and in general reproducible – if carried out under standardized conditions. However, the amount of parameters to be analysed is still rising. Well-established time domain and frequency domain parameters are discussed controversially when it comes to their physiological interpretation and their psychometric properties like reliability and validity, and the sensitivity to cardiovascular properties of the variety of parameters seems to be a topic for further research. Recently introduced parameters like pNNxx and new dynamic methods such as approximate entropy and detrended fluctuation analysis offer new potentials and warrant standardization. However, HRV is significantly associated with average heart rate (HR) and one can conclude that HRV actually provides information on two quantities, i.e. on HR and its variability. It is hard to determine which of these two plays a principal role in the clinical value of HRV. The association between HRV and HR is not only a physiological phenomenon but also a mathematical one which is due to non-linear (mathematical) relationship between RR interval and HR. If one normalizes HRV to its average RR interval, one may get ‘pure’ variability free from the mathematical bias. Recently, a new modification method of the association between HRV and HR has been developed which enables us to completely remove the HRV dependence on HR (even the physiological one), or conversely enhance this dependence. Such an approach allows us to explore the HR contribution to the clinical significance of HRV, i.e. whether HR or its variability plays a main role in the HRV clinical value. This Research Topic covers recent advances in the application of HRV, methodological issues, basic underlying mechanisms as well as all aspects of the interaction between HRV and HR. |
| frontiers in physiology impact factor: The Future of Physiology: 2020 and Beyond George E. Billman, Geoffrey A. Head, 2021-07-30 This Research Topic eBook includes articles from Volume I and II of The Future of Physiology: 2020 and Beyond series: Research Topic “The Future of Physiology: 2020 and Beyond, Volume I” Research Topic “The Future of Physiology: 2020 and Beyond, Volume II” The term Physiology was introduced in the 16th century by Jean Francois Fernel to describe the study of the normal function of the body as opposed to pathology, the study of disease. Over the ensuing centuries, the concept of physiology has evolved and a central tenet that unites all the various sub-disciplines of physiology has emerged: the quest to understand how the various components of an organism from the sub-cellular and cellular domain to tissue and organ levels work together to maintain a steady state in the face of constantly changing and often hostile environmental conditions. It is only by understanding normal bodily function that the disruptions that leads to disease can be identified and corrected to restore the healthy state. During the summer of 2009, I was invited by Dr. Henry Markram, one of the founders of the “Frontiers In” series of academic journals, to serve as the Field Chief Editor and to launch a new Open-access physiology journal that would provide a forum for the free exchange of ideas and would also meet the challenge of integrating function from molecules to the intact organism. In considering the position, I needed to answer two questions: 1) What exactly is Open-access publishing?; and 2) What could Frontiers in Physiology add to the already crowded group of physiology related journals? As a reminder, the traditional model of academic publishing “is a process by which academic scholars provide material, reviewing, and editing expertise for publication, free of charge, then pay to publish their work” and, to add insult to injury, they and their colleagues must pay the publisher a fee (either directly or via an institutional subscription) to read their published work [slightly modified from the “The Devil’s Dictionary of Publishing” Physiology News (the quarterly newsletter of the Physiological Society) Spring 2019: Issue 114, page 8]. In the traditional model, the publisher, not the authors, owns the copyright such that the author must seek permission and may even be required to pay a fee to re-use their own material (such as figures) in other scholarly articles (reviews, book chapters, etc.). In contrast, individuals are never charged a fee to read articles published in open-access journals. Thus, scholars and interested laymen can freely access research results (that their tax dollars paid for!) even if their home institution does not have the resources to pay the often exorbitant subscription fees. Frontiers takes the open-access model one step further by allowing authors (rather than the publisher) to retain ownership (i.e., the copyright) of their intellectual property. Having satisfied the first question, I then considered whether a new physiology journal was necessary. At that point in time there were no open-access physiology journals, and further, many aspects of physiology were not covered in the existing journals. Frontiers afforded the unique opportunity to provide a home for more specialized sections under the general field journal, Frontiers in Physiology, with each section having an independent editor and editorial board. I therefore agreed to assume the duties of Field Chief Editor in November 2009. Frontiers in Physiology was launched in early 2010 and the first articles were published in April 2010. Since these initial publications, we have published over 10,000 articles and have become the most cited physiology journal. Clearly we must be fulfilling a critical need. Now that it has been over a decade since Frontiers in Physiology was launched, it is time to reflect upon what has been accomplished in the last decade and what questions and issues remain to be addressed. Therefore, it is the goal of this book to evaluate the progress made during the past decade and to look forward to the next. In particular, the major issues and expected developments in many of the physiology sub-disciplines will be explored in order to inspire and to inform readers and researchers in the field of physiology for the year 2020 and beyond. A brief summary of each chapter follows: In chapter 1, Billman provides a historical overview of the evolution of the concept of homeostasis. Homeostasis has become the central unifying concept of physiology and is defined as a self-regulating process by which a living organism can maintain internal stability while adjusting to changing external conditions. He emphasizes that homeostasis is not static and unvarying but, rather, it is a dynamic process that can change internal conditions as required to survive external challenges and can be said to be the very basis of life. He further discusses how the concept of homeostasis has important implications with regards to how best to understand physiology in intact organisms: the need for more holistic approaches to integrate and to translate this deluge of information obtained in vitro into a coherent understanding of function in vivo. In chapter 2, Aldana and Robeva explore the emerging concept of the holobiont: the idea that every individual is a complex ecosystem consisting of the host organism and its microbiota. They stress the need for multidisciplinary approaches both to investigate the symbiotic interactions between microbes and multicellular organisms and to understand how disruptions in this relationship contributes to disease. This concept is amplified in chapter 3 in which Pandol addresses the future of gastrointestinal physiology ,emphasizing advances that have been made by understanding the role that the gut microbiome plays in both health and in disease. Professor Head, in chapter 4, describes areas in the field of integrative physiology that remain to be examined, as well as the potential for genetic techniques to reveal physiological processes. The significant challenges of developmental physiology are enumerated by Burggren in chapter 5. In particular, he analyzes the effects of climate change (environmentally induced epigenetic modification) on phenotype expression. In chapter 6, Ivell and Annad-Ivell highlight the major differences between the reproductive system and other organ systems. They conclude that the current focus on molecular detail is impeding our understanding of the processes responsible for the function of the reproductive organs, echoing and amplifying the concepts raised in chapter 1. In chapter 7, Costa describes the role of both circadian and non-circadian biological “clocks” in health and disease, thereby providing additional examples of integrated physiological regulation. Coronel, in chapter 8, provides a brief history of the development of cardiac electrophysiology and then describes areas that require further investigation and includes tables that list specific questions that remain to be answered. In a similar manner, Reiser and Janssen (chapter 9) summarize some of the advancements made in striated muscle physiology during the last decade and then discuss likely trends for future research; to name a few examples, the contribution of gender differences in striated muscle function, the mechanisms responsible of age-related declines in muscle mass, and role of exosome-released extracellular vesicles in pathophysiology. Meininger and Hill describe the recent advances in vascular physiology (chapter 10) and highlight approaches that should facilitate our understanding of the vascular processes that maintain health (our old friend homeostasis) and how disruptions in these regulatory mechanisms lead to disease. They also stress the need for investigators to exercise ethical vigilance when they select journals to publish in and meetings to attend. They note that the proliferation of profit driven journals of dubious quality threatens the integrity of not only physiology but science in general. The pathophysiological consequences of diabetes mellitus are discussed in chapters 11 and 12. In chapter 11, Ecelbarger addresses the problem of diabetic nephropathy and indicates several areas that require additional research. In chapter 12, Sharma evaluates the role of oxidative damage in diabetic retinopathy, and then proposes that the interleukin-6-transsignaling pathway is a promising therapeutic target for the prevention of blindness in diabetic pateints. Bernardi, in chapter 13, after briefly reviewing the considerable progress that has been achieved in understanding mitochondrial function, lists the many questions that remain to be answered. In particular, he notes several areas for future investigation including (but not limited to) a more complete understanding of inner membrane permeability changes, the physiology of various cation channels, and the role of mitochondrial DNA in disease. In chapter 14, using Douglas Adam’s “The Hitchhikers Guide to the Universe” as a model, Bogdanova and Kaestner address the question why a young person should study red blood cell physiology and provide advice for early career scientists as they establish independent laboratories. They the, describe a few areas that merit further attention, not only related to red blood cell function, but also to understanding the basis for blood related disease, and the ways to increase blood supplies that are not dependent on blood donors. Finally, the last two chapters specifically focus on non-mammalian physiology. In chapter 15, Scanes asks the question, are birds simply feathered mammals, and then reviews several of the significant differences between birds and mammals, placing particular emphasis on differences in gastrointestinal, immune, and female reproductive systems. In the final chapter (chapter 16) Anton and co-workers stress that since some 95% of living animals species are invertebrates, invertebrate physiology can provide insights into the basic principles of animal physiology as well as how bodily function adapts to environmental changes. The future of Physiology is bright; there are many important and interesting unanswered questions that will require further investigation. All that is lacking is sufficient funding and a cadre of young scientists trained to integrate function from molecules to the intact organism. George E. Billman, Ph.D, FAHA, FHRS, FTPS Department of Physiology and Cell Biology The Ohio State University Columbus OH, United States |
| frontiers in physiology impact factor: Root Ecology Hans de Kroon, Eric J.W. Visser, 2003-05-21 In the course of evolution, a great variety of root systems have learned to overcome the many physical, biochemical and biological problems brought about by soil. This development has made them a fascinating object of scientific study. This volume gives an overview of how roots have adapted to the soil environment and which roles they play in the soil ecosystem. The text describes the form and function of roots, their temporal and spatial distribution, and their turnover rate in various ecosystems. Subsequently, a physiological background is provided for basic functions, such as carbon acquisition, water and solute movement, and for their responses to three major abiotic stresses, i.e. hard soil structure, drought and flooding. The volume concludes with the interactions of roots with other organisms of the complex soil ecosystem, including symbiosis, competition, and the function of roots as a food source. |
| frontiers in physiology impact factor: Activity and Sign Michael H.G. Hoffmann, Johannes Lenhard, Falk Seeger, 2005-12-06 The advancement of a scientific discipline depends not only on the big heroes of a discipline, but also on a community’s ability to reflect on what has been done in the past and what should be done in the future. This volume combines perspectives on both. It celebrates the merits of Michael Otte as one of the most important founding fathers of mathematics education by bringing together all the new and fascinating perspectives created through his career as a bridge builder in the field of interdisciplinary research and cooperation. The perspectives elaborated here are for the greatest part motivated by the impressing variety of Otte’s thoughts; however, the idea is not to look back, but to find out where the research agenda might lead us in the future. This volume provides new sources of knowledge based on Michael Otte’s fundamental insight that understanding the problems of mathematics education – how to teach, how to learn, how to communicate, how to do, and how to represent mathematics – depends on means, mainly philosophical and semiotic, that have to be created first of all, and to be reflected from the perspectives of a multitude of diverse disciplines. |
| frontiers in physiology impact factor: Introduction to Cryptography Hans Delfs, Helmut Knebl, 2002-02-14 This book covers key concepts of cryptography, from encryption and digital signatures to cryptographic protocols, presenting techniques and protocols for key exchange, user ID, electronic elections and digital cash. Advanced topics include bit security of one-way functions and computationally perfect pseudorandom bit generators. Assuming no special background in mathematics, it includes chapter-ending exercises and the necessary algebra, number theory and probability theory in the appendix. This edition offers new material including a complete description of the AES, a section on cryptographic hash functions, new material on random oracle proofs, and a new section on public-key encryption schemes that are provably secure against adaptively-chosen-ciphertext attacks. |
| frontiers in physiology impact factor: The Neurobiology of Olfaction Anna Menini, 2009-11-24 Comprehensive Overview of Advances in OlfactionThe common belief is that human smell perception is much reduced compared with other mammals, so that whatever abilities are uncovered and investigated in animal research would have little significance for humans. However, new evidence from a variety of sources indicates this traditional view is likely |
| frontiers in physiology impact factor: Molecular and Cellular Approaches to Neural Development W. Maxwell Cowan, Thomas M. Jessell, Stephen Lawrence Zipursky, 1997 This text provides a broad but authoritative view of the cellular and molecular aspects of developmental neurobiology written by leaders in the field. |
| frontiers in physiology impact factor: Theory and Applications of Special Functions Mourad E. H. Ismail, Erik Koelink, 2006-03-30 A collection of articles on various aspects of q-series and special functions dedicated to Mizan Rahman. It also includes an article by Askey, Ismail, and Koelink on Rahman’s mathematical contributions and how they influenced the recent upsurge in the subject. |
| frontiers in physiology impact factor: From Neurons to Neighborhoods National Research Council, Institute of Medicine, Board on Children, Youth, and Families, Committee on Integrating the Science of Early Childhood Development, 2000-11-13 How we raise young children is one of today's most highly personalized and sharply politicized issues, in part because each of us can claim some level of expertise. The debate has intensified as discoveries about our development-in the womb and in the first months and years-have reached the popular media. How can we use our burgeoning knowledge to assure the well-being of all young children, for their own sake as well as for the sake of our nation? Drawing from new findings, this book presents important conclusions about nature-versus-nurture, the impact of being born into a working family, the effect of politics on programs for children, the costs and benefits of intervention, and other issues. The committee issues a series of challenges to decision makers regarding the quality of child care, issues of racial and ethnic diversity, the integration of children's cognitive and emotional development, and more. Authoritative yet accessible, From Neurons to Neighborhoods presents the evidence about brain wiring and how kids learn to speak, think, and regulate their behavior. It examines the effect of the climate-family, child care, community-within which the child grows. |
| frontiers in physiology impact factor: Methods of Behavior Analysis in Neuroscience Jerry J. Buccafusco, 2000-08-29 Using the most well-studied behavioral analyses of animal subjects to promote a better understanding of the effects of disease and the effects of new therapeutic treatments on human cognition, Methods of Behavior Analysis in Neuroscience provides a reference manual for molecular and cellular research scientists in both academia and the pharmaceutic |
| frontiers in physiology impact factor: List of Journals Indexed in Index Medicus National Library of Medicine (U.S.), 1996 Issues for 1977-1979 include also Special List journals being indexed in cooperation with other institutions. Citations from these journals appear in other MEDLARS bibliographies and in MEDLING, but not in Index medicus. |
| frontiers in physiology impact factor: Microalgae Milada Vítová, 2020-01-22 The term microalgae is often used in the algal research community to collectively describe microscopic algae and cyanobacteria. Research of microalgae has expanded enormously, namely because of their significant commercial potential. The thorough knowledge of the physiology of microalgae must precede any commercial exploitation. We have to understand the mechanisms underlying the physiological and biochemical processes in the algal cells. The book Microalgae - From Physiology to Application covers major aspects of microalgae physiology and the possible applications in the sphere of biotechnology. This book gives a comprehensive overview of what is known about microalgae growth and production, secondary metabolites, and development of new species and products for commercialization. This volume should allow readers at all levels an entry into the exciting world of algal research. |
| frontiers in physiology impact factor: Handbook of Psychophysiology John T. Cacioppo, Louis G. Tassinary, Gary G. Berntson, 2019-02-07 The Handbook of Psychophysiology has been the authoritative resource for more than a quarter of a century. Since the third edition was published a decade ago, the field of psychophysiological science has seen significant advances, both in traditional measures such as electroencephalography, event-related brain potentials, and cardiovascular assessments, and in novel approaches and methods in behavioural epigenetics, neuroimaging, psychoneuroimmunology, psychoneuroendocrinology, neuropsychology, behavioural genetics, connectivity analyses, and non-contact sensors. At the same time, a thoroughgoing interdisciplinary focus has emerged as essential to scientific progress. Emphasizing the need for multiple measures, careful experimental design, and logical inference, the fourth edition of the Handbook provides updated and expanded coverage of approaches, methods, and analyses in the field. With state-of-the-art reviews of research in topical areas such as stress, emotion, development, language, psychopathology, and behavioural medicine, the Handbook remains the essential reference for students and scientists in the behavioural, cognitive, and biological sciences. |
| frontiers in physiology impact factor: The Neurobiological Basis of Suicide Yogesh Dwivedi, 2012-06-25 With recent studies using genetic, epigenetic, and other molecular and neurochemical approaches, a new era has begun in understanding pathophysiology of suicide. Emerging evidence suggests that neurobiological factors are not only critical in providing potential risk factors but also provide a promising approach to develop more effective treatment and prevention strategies. The Neurobiological Basis of Suicide discusses the most recent findings in suicide neurobiology. Psychological, psychosocial, and cultural factors are important in determining the risk factors for suicide; however, they offer weak prediction and can be of little clinical use. Interestingly, cognitive characteristics are different among depressed suicidal and depressed nonsuicidal subjects, and could be involved in the development of suicidal behavior. The characterization of the neurobiological basis of suicide is in delineating the risk factors associated with suicide. The Neurobiological Basis of Suicide focuses on how and why these neurobiological factors are crucial in the pathogenic mechanisms of suicidal behavior and how these findings can be transformed into potential therapeutic applications. |
| frontiers in physiology impact factor: Scientific Frontiers in Developmental Toxicology and Risk Assessment National Research Council, Commission on Life Sciences, Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology, Committee on Developmental Toxicology, 2000-12-21 Scientific Frontiers in Developmental Toxicology and Risk Assessment reviews advances made during the last 10-15 years in fields such as developmental biology, molecular biology, and genetics. It describes a novel approach for how these advances might be used in combination with existing methodologies to further the understanding of mechanisms of developmental toxicity, to improve the assessment of chemicals for their ability to cause developmental toxicity, and to improve risk assessment for developmental defects. For example, based on the recent advances, even the smallest, simplest laboratory animals such as the fruit fly, roundworm, and zebrafish might be able to serve as developmental toxicological models for human biological systems. Use of such organisms might allow for rapid and inexpensive testing of large numbers of chemicals for their potential to cause developmental toxicity; presently, there are little or no developmental toxicity data available for the majority of natural and manufactured chemicals in use. This new approach to developmental toxicology and risk assessment will require simultaneous research on several fronts by experts from multiple scientific disciplines, including developmental toxicologists, developmental biologists, geneticists, epidemiologists, and biostatisticians. |
| frontiers in physiology impact factor: Plant Abiotic Stress Matthew A. Jenks, Paul M. Hasegawa, 2008-04-15 Over the past decade, our understanding of plant adaptation to environmental stress has grown considerably. This book focuses on stress caused by the inanimate components of the environment associated with climatic, edaphic and physiographic factors that substantially limit plant growth and survival. Categorically these are abiotic stresses, which include drought, salinity, non-optimal temperatures and poor soil nutrition. Another stress, herbicides, is covered in this book to highlight how plants are impacted by abiotic stress originating from anthropogenic sources. The book also addresses the high degree to which plant responses to quite diverse forms of environmental stress are interconnected, describing the ways in which the plant utilizes and integrates many common signals and subsequent pathways to cope with less favorable conditions. The book is directed at researchers and professionals in plant physiology, cell biology and molecular biology, in both the academic and industrial sectors. |
| frontiers in physiology impact factor: The Life Sciences , 1970-01-01 |
| frontiers in physiology impact factor: Autonomic Dysfunction in Parkinson's Disease Cristian Falup-Pecurariu, Peter Jenner, 2021-09-28 Autonomic dysfunction is one of the most prevalent non-motor symptoms that occurs in Parkinson's disease. Autonomic Dysfunction in Parkinson's Disease provides up to date information on this important topic, which affects quality of life of these patients. This include a large number of domains: orthostatic hypotension, excessive sweating, dry eyes, constipation, weight loss, increased sensitivity to heat and cold, sexual dysfunction. - Provides comprehensive reviews on different topics of autonomic dysfunction in Parkinson's disease - Each chapter covers a specific autonomic symptom: classification, assessment, treatment - Presents the newest information on each autonomic symptom in Parkinson's disease |
| frontiers in physiology impact factor: Opening Science Sönke Bartling, Sascha Friesike, 2013-12-16 Modern information and communication technologies, together with a cultural upheaval within the research community, have profoundly changed research in nearly every aspect. Ranging from sharing and discussing ideas in social networks for scientists to new collaborative environments and novel publication formats, knowledge creation and dissemination as we know it is experiencing a vigorous shift towards increased transparency, collaboration and accessibility. Many assume that research workflows will change more in the next 20 years than they have in the last 200. This book provides researchers, decision makers, and other scientific stakeholders with a snapshot of the basics, the tools, and the underlying visions that drive the current scientific (r)evolution, often called ‘Open Science.’ |
| frontiers in physiology impact factor: Genetic Programming Theory and Practice II Una-May O'Reilly, Tina Yu, Rick Riolo, Bill Worzel, 2006-03-16 The work described in this book was first presented at the Second Workshop on Genetic Programming, Theory and Practice, organized by the Center for the Study of Complex Systems at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 13-15 May 2004. The goal of this workshop series is to promote the exchange of research results and ideas between those who focus on Genetic Programming (GP) theory and those who focus on the application of GP to various re- world problems. In order to facilitate these interactions, the number of talks and participants was small and the time for discussion was large. Further, participants were asked to review each other's chapters before the workshop. Those reviewer comments, as well as discussion at the workshop, are reflected in the chapters presented in this book. Additional information about the workshop, addendums to chapters, and a site for continuing discussions by participants and by others can be found at http://cscs.umich.edu:8000/GPTP-20041. We thank all the workshop participants for making the workshop an exciting and productive three days. In particular we thank all the authors, without whose hard work and creative talents, neither the workshop nor the book would be possible. We also thank our keynote speakers Lawrence (Dave) Davis of NuTech Solutions, Inc., Jordan Pollack of Brandeis University, and Richard Lenski of Michigan State University, who delivered three thought-provoking speeches that inspired a great deal of discussion among the participants. |
| frontiers in physiology impact factor: Handbook of Functional Plant Ecology Francisco Pugnaire, Fernando Valladares, 1999-03-10 Offers the latest findings and research breakthroughs in plant ecology, as well as consideration of classic topics in environmental science and ecology. This wide-ranging compendium serves as an extremely accessible and useful resource for relative newcomers to the field as well as seasoned experts. Investigates plant structure and behavior across the ecological spectrum, from the leaf to the ecosystem levels. |
| frontiers in physiology impact factor: Frontiers of Multimedia Research Shih-Fu Chang, 2018-01-03 The field of multimedia is unique in offering a rich and dynamic forum for researchers from “traditional” fields to collaborate and develop new solutions and knowledge that transcend the boundaries of individual disciplines. Despite the prolific research activities and outcomes, however, few efforts have been made to develop books that serve as an introduction to the rich spectrum of topics covered by this broad field. A few books are available that either focus on specific subfields or basic background in multimedia. Tutorial-style materials covering the active topics being pursued by the leading researchers at frontiers of the field are currently lacking. In 2015, ACM SIGMM, the special interest group on multimedia, launched a new initiative to address this void by selecting and inviting 12 rising-star speakers from different subfields of multimedia research to deliver plenary tutorial-style talks at the ACM Multimedia conference for 2015. Each speaker discussed the challenges and state-of-the-art developments of their prospective research areas in a general manner to the broad community. The covered topics were comprehensive, including multimedia content understanding, multimodal human-human and human-computer interaction, multimedia social media, and multimedia system architecture and deployment. Following the very positive responses to these talks, the speakers were invited to expand the content covered in their talks into chapters that can be used as reference material for researchers, students, and practitioners. Each chapter discusses the problems, technical challenges, state-of-the-art approaches and performances, open issues, and promising direction for future work. Collectively, the chapters provide an excellent sampling of major topics addressed by the community as a whole. This book, capturing some of the outcomes of such efforts, is well positioned to fill the aforementioned needs in providing tutorial-style reference materials for frontier topics in multimedia. At the same time, the speed and sophistication required of data processing have grown. In addition to simple queries, complex algorithms like machine learning and graph analysis are becoming common. And in addition to batch processing, streaming analysis of real-time data is required to let organizations take timely action. Future computing platforms will need to not only scale out traditional workloads, but support these new applications too. This book, a revised version of the 2014 ACM Dissertation Award winning dissertation, proposes an architecture for cluster computing systems that can tackle emerging data processing workloads at scale. Whereas early cluster computing systems, like MapReduce, handled batch processing, our architecture also enables streaming and interactive queries, while keeping MapReduce's scalability and fault tolerance. And whereas most deployed systems only support simple one-pass computations (e.g., SQL queries), ours also extends to the multi-pass algorithms required for complex analytics like machine learning. Finally, unlike the specialized systems proposed for some of these workloads, our architecture allows these computations to be combined, enabling rich new applications that intermix, for example, streaming and batch processing. We achieve these results through a simple extension to MapReduce that adds primitives for data sharing, called Resilient Distributed Datasets (RDDs). We show that this is enough to capture a wide range of workloads. We implement RDDs in the open source Spark system, which we evaluate using synthetic and real workloads. Spark matches or exceeds the performance of specialized systems in many domains, while offering stronger fault tolerance properties and allowing these workloads to be combined. Finally, we examine the generality of RDDs from both a theoretical modeling perspective and a systems perspective. This version of the dissertation makes corrections throughout the text and adds a new section on the evolution of Apache Spark in industry since 2014. In addition, editing, formatting, and links for the references have been added. |
| frontiers in physiology impact factor: Neuroendocrine-immune Interactions Rolf C. Gaillard, 2002 Interactions between the immune, endocrine and nervous systems seldom appear as main issues in the neurosciences and in immunology. So far this was most likely due to the need to focus on the molecular and cellular bases of single neural, endocrine and immune processes. But hormones, neurotransmitters and neuropeptides can also influence more subtle mechanisms underlying immune cell activity. The contents of this volume aim at listing some aspects which show that not only the bases for neuroendocrine control of more refined mechanisms related to the organization and functioning of the immune systems to exist, but also that the immune system can actively communicate with neuroendocrine structures. The evidence is divided into three categories: - Anatomical, cellular and molecular bases for the exchange of information between immune, endocrine and neural cells, - reciprocal effects between immune and neuroendocrine mechanisms, and - immune-neuroendocrine regulatory circuits. Immunologically triggered neuroendocrine responses can be either beneficial or deleterious for the host. A systematic approach would imply the simultaneous evaluation of neuroendocrine and immune parameters and thus provide the basis for therapeutic interventions based on antagonizing or blocking undesirable effects. |
| frontiers in physiology impact factor: Systems Microbiology Brian Douglas Robertson, Brendan Wren, 2012 This volume contains cutting-edge reviews by world-leading experts on the systems biology of microorganisms. As well as covering theoretical approaches and mathematical modelling this book includes case studies on single microbial species of bacteria and archaea, and explores the systems analysis of microbial phenomena such as chemotaxis and phagocytosis. Topics covered include mathematical models for systems biology, systems biology of Escherichia coli metabolism, bacterial chemotaxis, systems biology of infection, host-microbe interactions, phagocytosis, system-level study of metabolism in M. |
| frontiers in physiology impact factor: Plant Proteomics Jozef Samaj, Jay J. Thelen, 2007-09-09 Plant Proteomics highlights rapid progress in this field, with emphasis on recent work in model plant species, sub-cellular organelles, and specific aspects of the plant life cycle such as signaling, reproduction and stress physiology. Several chapters present a detailed look at diverse integrated approaches, including advanced proteomic techniques combined with functional genomics, bioinformatics, metabolomics and molecular cell biology, making this book a valuable resource for a broad spectrum of readers. |
| frontiers in physiology impact factor: The Generative Lexicon James Pustejovsky, 1998-01-23 The first formally elaborated theory of a generative approach to word meaning, The Generative Lexicon lays the foundation for an implemented computational treatment of word meaning that connects explicitly to a compositional semantics. The Generative Lexicon presents a novel and exciting theory of lexical semantics that addresses the problem of the multiplicity of word meaning; that is, how we are able to give an infinite number of senses to words with finite means. The first formally elaborated theory of a generative approach to word meaning, it lays the foundation for an implemented computational treatment of word meaning that connects explicitly to a compositional semantics. In contrast to the static view of word meaning (where each word is characterized by a predetermined number of word senses) that imposes a tremendous bottleneck on the performance capability of any natural language processing system, Pustejovsky proposes that the lexicon becomes an active—and central—component in the linguistic description. The essence of his theory is that the lexicon functions generatively, first by providing a rich and expressive vocabulary for characterizing lexical information; then, by developing a framework for manipulating fine-grained distinctions in word descriptions; and finally, by formalizing a set of mechanisms for specialized composition of aspects of such descriptions of words, as they occur in context, extended and novel senses are generated. The subjects covered include semantics of nominals (figure/ground nominals, relational nominals, and other event nominals); the semantics of causation (in particular, how causation is lexicalized in language, including causative/unaccusatives, aspectual predicates, experiencer predicates, and modal causatives); how semantic types constrain syntactic expression (such as the behavior of type shifting and type coercion operations); a formal treatment of event semantics with subevents); and a general treatment of the problem of polysemy. Language, Speech, and Communication series |
| frontiers in physiology impact factor: Palliative Care in Nephrology Alvin H. Moss MD, FACP, FAAHPM, Dale E. Lupu MPH, PhD, Nancy C. Armistead MPA, Louis Diamond, 2020-07-14 Palliative care has become increasingly important across the spectrum of healthcare, and with it, the need for education and training of a broad range of medical practitioners not previously associated with this field of care. As part of the Integrating Palliative Care series, this volume on palliative care in nephrology guides readers through the core palliative knowledge and skills needed to deliver high value, high quality care for seriously ill patients with chronic and end-stage kidney disease. Chapters are written by a team of international leaders in kidney palliative care and are organized into sections exploring unmet supportive care needs, palliative care capacity, patient-centered care, enhanced support at the end of life, and more. Chapter topics are based on the Coalition for Supportive Care of Kidney Patients Pathways Project change package of 14 evidence-based best practices to improve the delivery of palliative care to patients with kidney disease. An overview of the future of palliative care nephrology with attention to needed policy changes rounds out the text. Palliative Care in Nephrology is an ideal resource for nephrologists, nurses, nurse practitioners, physician assistants, social workers, primary care clinicians, and other practitioners who wish to learn more about integrating individualized, patient-centered palliative care into treatment of their patients with kidney disease. |
| frontiers in physiology impact factor: Outdoor Recreation Hilde G. Nielsen, 2021-01-20 Outdoor recreation refers to recreation/activity executed outdoors, most commonly in natural settings. At least in many high-income countries, outdoor recreation is by many considered as an attractive activity during spare time or holidays. People actively seek out activities such as walking in the mountains, climbing, hunting, horseback riding, skiing, etc., which are very often difficult to accommodate in ordinary working days. Some people find outdoor recreation attractive to the extent that they take several months or a year off from work in order to spend time in nature. Outdoor recreation stimulates a healthy lifestyle and increases public health, and it is important to develop outdoor activity habits from early childhood, a habit that should last for an entire lifetime. This book will take you through the definitions of outdoor recreation and different types of recreation. Furthermore, the book will also give you a snapshot of the physiological and psychological effects of outdoor recreation and why outdoor recreation is important for development in children and adolescents, and for adults and the older population, in addition to descriptions of some of the major and maybe the most used outdoor activities. |
| frontiers in physiology impact factor: Postharvest Decay Silvia Bautista-Baños, 2014-05-14 Written by a diverse group of research professionals, Postharvest Decay: Control Strategies is aimed at a wide audience, including researchers involved in the study of postharvest handling of agricultural commodities, and undergraduate and graduate students researching postharvest topics. Growers, managers, and operators working at packinghouses and storage, retail, and wholesale facilities can also benefit from this book. The information in this book covers a wide range of topics related to selected fungi, such as taxonomy, infection processes, economic importance, causes of infection, the influence of pre-harvest agronomic practices and the environment, the effect of handling operations, and the strategic controls for each host-pathogen, including traditional and non-traditional alternatives. - Includes eleven postharvest fungi causing serious rots in numerous fruits and vegetables - Offers selected microorganisms including pathogens of commercially important tropical, subtropical and temperate crops worldwide, such as tomatoes, pears, apples, peaches, citrus, banana, papaya, and mango, among others - Presents content developed by recognized and experienced high-level scientists, working in the postharvest pathology area worldwide - Provides basic information about each fungus, pre- and postharvest factors that contribute to infection and control measurements, including the use of chemicals and non-traditional methods |
| frontiers in physiology impact factor: The Merck Veterinary Manual Merck and Co., Inc. Staff, 2003-11 For more than forty years, animal health professionals have turned to the Merck Veterinary Manualfor integrated, concise and reliable veterinary information. Now this manual covering the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases of companion, food and zoo animals.is available on an easy-to-use, fully searchable CD-ROM. The CD includes the full text of The Merck Veterinary Manual 8/e and has been enhanced with picture links featuring original anatomical artwork and numerous clinical and diagnostic illustrations, table links and quick search links that provide quick accesss to cross referenced text. |
| frontiers in physiology impact factor: Sleep Disorders and Sleep Deprivation Institute of Medicine, Board on Health Sciences Policy, Committee on Sleep Medicine and Research, 2006-10-13 Clinical practice related to sleep problems and sleep disorders has been expanding rapidly in the last few years, but scientific research is not keeping pace. Sleep apnea, insomnia, and restless legs syndrome are three examples of very common disorders for which we have little biological information. This new book cuts across a variety of medical disciplines such as neurology, pulmonology, pediatrics, internal medicine, psychiatry, psychology, otolaryngology, and nursing, as well as other medical practices with an interest in the management of sleep pathology. This area of research is not limited to very young and old patientsâ€sleep disorders reach across all ages and ethnicities. Sleep Disorders and Sleep Deprivation presents a structured analysis that explores the following: Improving awareness among the general public and health care professionals. Increasing investment in interdisciplinary somnology and sleep medicine research training and mentoring activities. Validating and developing new and existing technologies for diagnosis and treatment. This book will be of interest to those looking to learn more about the enormous public health burden of sleep disorders and sleep deprivation and the strikingly limited capacity of the health care enterprise to identify and treat the majority of individuals suffering from sleep problems. |
| frontiers in physiology impact factor: Improving Health in the Community Institute of Medicine, Committee on Using Performance Monitoring to Improve Community Health, 1997-05-21 How do communities protect and improve the health of their populations? Health care is part of the answer but so are environmental protections, social and educational services, adequate nutrition, and a host of other activities. With concern over funding constraints, making sure such activities are efficient and effective is becoming a high priority. Improving Health in the Community explains how population-based performance monitoring programs can help communities point their efforts in the right direction. Within a broad definition of community health, the committee addresses factors surrounding the implementation of performance monitoring and explores the why and how to of establishing mechanisms to monitor the performance of those who can influence community health. The book offers a policy framework, applies a multidimensional model of the determinants of health, and provides sets of prototype performance indicators for specific health issues. Improving Health in the Community presents an attainable vision of a process that can achieve community-wide health benefits. |
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Frontiers | Publisher of peer-reviewed articles in open access journals
Jun 3, 2025 · Meet the 2025 Frontiers Planet Prize Champions. Explore the groundbreaking research by this year's Frontiers Planet Prize National Champions, driving solutions to …
Journals - Frontiers
Discover Frontiers in Acoustics, an open-access journal covering all areas of acoustics, including metamaterials, noise control, and sound perception. Field chief editor Massimo Ruzzene, …
Frontiers | Peer Reviewed Articles - Open Access Journals
Publish your research with Frontiers and see your global impact. High-quality open access publishing; The most advanced IT publishing platform resulting in the fastest and fairest review …
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There is an innovator in every corner of the globe: in 2024, articles published with Frontiers were viewed and downloaded 950 million times across the world, making a total of more than 3.7 …
Mission - Frontiers
Frontiers is one of the world’s largest and most impactful research publishers, dedicated to making peer-reviewed, quality-certified science openly accessible.
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Frontiers' publishing is driven by the principle of placing publishing back into the hands of researchers, enabled by scalable technology.
Author guidelines - Frontiers
Frontiers' journals use one of two reference styles, either Harvard (author-date) or Vancouver (numbered). These formats should be adhered to for the in-text citations and the reference …
期刊介绍 | Frontiers 出版社官方中文网站
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology 影响因子：5.201 Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology 影响因子：4.123 Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience 影响因子：3.921
Frontiers in Microbiology
See our editorial guidelines for everything you need to know about Frontiers’ peer review process. Peer review Our efficient and rigorous peer review means you’ll get a decision on your …
Open Access - Frontiers
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