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| enantiomeric excess organic chemistry: Essential Organic Chemistry, Global Edition Paula Yurkanis Bruice, 2015-06-04 NOTE You are purchasing a standalone product; MasteringChemistry does not come packaged with this content. If you would like to purchase both the physical text and MasteringChemistry search for 032196747X / 9780321967473 Essential Organic Chemistry 3/e Plus MasteringChemistry with eText -- Access Card Package: The access card package consists of: 0321937716 / 9780321937711 Essential Organic Chemistry 3/e0133857972 / 9780133857979 MasteringChemistry with PearsonKey Benefits: MasteringChemistry should only be purchased when required by an instructor. For one-term Courses in Organic Chemistry. A comprehensive, problem-solving approach for the brief Organic Chemistry course. Modern and thorough revisions to the streamlined, Essential Organic Chemistry focus on developing students' problem solving and analytical reasoning skills throughout organic chemistry. Organized around reaction similarities and rich with contemporary biochemical connections, Bruice's Third Edition discourages memorization and encourages students to be mindful of the fundamental reasoning behind organic reactivity: electrophiles react with nucleophiles. Developed to support a diverse student audience studying organic chemistry for the first and only time, Essentials fosters an understanding of the principles of organic structure and reaction mechanisms, encourages skill development through new Tutorial Spreads and emphasizes bioorganic processes. Contemporary and rigorous, Essentials addresses the skills needed for the 2015 MCAT and serves both pre-med and biology majors. Also Available with MasteringChemistry(R) This title is also available with MasteringChemistry - the leading online homework, tutorial, and assessment system, designed to improve results by engaging students before, during, and after class with powerful content. Instructors ensure students arrive ready to learn by assigning educationally effective content before class, and encourage critical thinking and retention with in-class resources such as Learning Catalytics(TM). Students can further master concepts after class through traditional and adaptive homework assignments that provide hints and answer-specific feedback. The Mastering gradebook records scores for all automatically graded assignments in one place, while diagnostic tools give instructors access to rich data to assess student understanding and misconceptions. MasteringChemistry brings learning full circle by continuously adapting to each student and making learning more personal than ever--before, during, and after class. |
| enantiomeric excess organic chemistry: Asymmetric Organic Reactions James D. Morrison, Harry S. Mosher, 1980 |
| enantiomeric excess organic chemistry: Chiroptical Spectroscopy Prasad L. Polavarapu, 2016-10-03 This book details chiroptical spectroscopic methods: electronic circular dichroism (ECD), optical rotatory dispersion (ORD), vibrational circular dichroism (VCD), and vibrational Raman optical activity (VROA). For each technique, the text presents experimental methods for measurements and theoretical methods for analyzing the experimental data. It also includes a set of experiments that can be adopted for undergraduate teaching laboratories. Each chapter is written in an easy-to-follow format for novice readers, with necessary theoretical formalism in appendices for advanced readers. |
| enantiomeric excess organic chemistry: Enantiomer Separation Fumio Toda, 2007-11-04 In spite of important advances in asymmetric synthesis, chiral compounds cannot all be obtained in a pure state by asymmetric synthesis. As a result, enantiomer separation remains an important technique for obtaining optically active materials. Although asymmetric synthesis is a once-only procedure, an enantiomer separation process can be repeated until the optically pure sample is obtained. This book discusses several new enantiomer separation methods using modern techniques developed by experts in the field. These methods consist mainly of the following three types: 1) Enantiomer separation by inclusion complexation with a chiral host compound 2) Enantiomer separation using biological methods 3) Enantiomer separation by HPLC chromatography using a column containing a chiral stationary phase. Separation of a racemic compound has been called “optical resolution” or simply “resolution”. Nowadays, the descriptions “enantiomer resolution” or “enantiomer separation” are also commonly used. Accordingly, “Enantiomer Separation” is used in the title of this book. The editor and all chapter contributors hope that this book is helpful for scientists and engineers working in this field. |
| enantiomeric excess organic chemistry: Principles of Asymmetric Synthesis R.E. Gawley, J. Aubé, 1996-11-21 The world is chiral. Most of the molecules in it are chiral, and asymmetric synthesis is an important means by which enantiopure chiral molecules may be obtained for study and sale. Using examples from the literature of asymmetric synthesis (more than 1300 references), the aim of this book is to present a detailed analysis of the factors that govern stereoselectivity in organic reactions. It is important to note that the references were each individually checked by the authors to verify relevance to the topics under discussion. The study of stereoselectivity has evolved from issues of diastereoselectivity, through auxiliary-based methods for the synthesis of enantiomerically pure compounds (diastereoselectivity followed by separation and auxiliary cleavage), to asymmetric catalysis. In the latter instance, enantiomers (not diastereomers) are the products, and highly selective reactions and modern purification techniques allow preparation - in a single step - of chiral substances in 99% ee for many reaction types. After an explanation of the basic physical-organic principles of stereoselectivity, the authors provide a detailed, annotated glossary of stereochemical terms. A chapter on Analytical Methods provides a critical overview of the most common methods for analysis of stereoisomers. The authors then follow the 'tried-and-true' format of grouping the material by reaction type. Thus, there are four chapters on carbon-carbon bond forming reactions (enolate alkylations, organometal additions to carbonyls, aldol and Michael reactions, and cycloadditions and rearrangements), one chapter on reductions and hydroborations (carbon-hydrogen bond forming reactions), and one on oxidations (carbon-oxygen and carbon-nitrogen bond forming reactions). Leading references are provided to natural product synthesis that have been accomplished using a given reaction as a key step. In addition to tables of examples that show high selectivity, a transition state analysis is presented to explain - to the current level of understanding - the stereoselectivity of each reaction. In one case (Cram's rule) the evolution of the current theory is detailed from its first tentative (1952) postulate to the current Felkin-Anh-Heathcock formalism. For other reactions, only the currently accepted rationale is presented. Examination of these rationales also exposes the weaknesses of current theories, in that they cannot always explain the experimental observations. These shortcomings provide a challenge for future mechanistic investigations. |
| enantiomeric excess organic chemistry: Organic Chemistry Marye Anne Fox, James K. Whitesell, 2004 Accompanying CD-ROM ... has been enhanced with updated animated illustrations to accompany the presentations [and] Chem3D files for helpful structure visualization.--Page 4 of cover. |
| enantiomeric excess organic chemistry: Vibrational Optical Activity Laurence A. Nafie, 2011-07-12 This unique book stands as the only comprehensive introduction to vibrational optical activity (VOA) and is the first single book that serves as a complete reference for this relatively new, but increasingly important area of molecular spectroscopy. Key features: A single-source reference on this topic that introduces, describes the background and foundation of this area of spectroscopy. Serves as a guide on how to use it to carry out applications with relevant problem solving. Depth and breadth of the subject is presented in a logical, complete and progressive fashion. Although intended as an introductory text, this book provides in depth coverage of this topic relevant to both students and professionals by taking the reader from basic theory through to practical and instrumental approaches. |
| enantiomeric excess organic chemistry: Asymmetric Organic Synthesis with Enzymes Vicente Gotor, Ignacio Alfonso, Eduardo García-Urdiales, 2008-09-08 Perfect for biochemists, synthetic and organic chemists, this book covers all important reactions, including C-C coupling reactions, oxidation reactions and many more. Divided into two parts, the first section on methodology presents new innovative methods for enzymatic catalysis optimization, including such new trends as medium engineering, directed evolution and computer-aided prediction of enantioselectivity. The second and main section deals with applications to synthesis, showing important reaction types and their applications. Only those reactions with very high selectivity are presented, allowing readers to improve their own reaction yields. |
| enantiomeric excess organic chemistry: Separation of Enantiomers Matthew H. Todd, 2014-07-21 In one handy volume this handbook summarizes the most common synthetic methods for the separation of racemic mixtures, allowing an easy comparison of the different strategies described in the literature. Alongside classical methods, the authors also consider kinetic resolutions, dynamic kinetic resolutions, divergent reactions of a racemic mixture, and a number of neglected cases not covered elsewhere, such as the use of circularly polarized light, polymerizations, ripening processes, dynamic combinatorial chemistry, and several thermodynamic processes. The result is a thorough introduction to the field plus a long-needed, up-to-date overview of the chemical, biological, and physical methods and their applications. Newcomers to the field, students as well as experienced synthetic chemists will benefit from the highly didactic presentation: Every method is presented in detail, from relatively simple separation problems to advanced complex resolution methods. |
| enantiomeric excess organic chemistry: Principles and Applications of Asymmetric Synthesis Guo-Qiang Lin, Yue-Ming Li, Albert S. C. Chan, 2003-05-29 Asymmetric synthesis remains a challenge to practicing scientistsas the need for enantiomerically pure or enriched compoundscontinues to increase. Over the last decade, a large amount ofliterature has been published in this field. Principles andApplications of Asymmetric Synthesis consolidates and evaluates themost useful methodologies into a one-volume resource for theconvenience of practicing scientists and students. Authored by internationally renowned scientists in the field, thisreliable reference covers more than 450 reactions and includesimportant stoichiometric as well as catalytic asymmetric reactions.The first chapter reviews the basic principles, commonnomenclature, and analytical methods, and the remainder of the bookis organized according to reaction type. The text examines suchtopics as: Carbon-carbon bond formations involving carbonyls, enamines,imines, and enolates Asymmetric C-O bond formations including epoxidation,dihydroxylation, and aminohydroxylation Asymmetric synthesis using the Diels-Alder reaction and othercyclizations Applications to the total synthesis of natural products Use of enzymes in asymmetric synthesis Practicing chemists in the pharmaceutical, fine chemical, andagricultural professions as well as graduate students will findthat Principles and Applications of Asymmetric Synthesis affordscomprehensive and current coverage. |
| enantiomeric excess organic chemistry: Comprehensive Organic Chemistry Experiments for the Laboratory Classroom Carlos A. M. Afonso, Nuno R. Candeias, Dulce Pereira Simão, Alexandre F. Trindade, Jaime A. S. Coelho, Bin Tan, Robert Franzén, 2016-12-16 This expansive and practical textbook contains organic chemistry experiments for teaching in the laboratory at the undergraduate level covering a range of functional group transformations and key organic reactions.The editorial team have collected contributions from around the world and standardized them for publication. Each experiment will explore a modern chemistry scenario, such as: sustainable chemistry; application in the pharmaceutical industry; catalysis and material sciences, to name a few. All the experiments will be complemented with a set of questions to challenge the students and a section for the instructors, concerning the results obtained and advice on getting the best outcome from the experiment. A section covering practical aspects with tips and advice for the instructors, together with the results obtained in the laboratory by students, has been compiled for each experiment. Targeted at professors and lecturers in chemistry, this useful text will provide up to date experiments putting the science into context for the students. |
| enantiomeric excess organic chemistry: Selectivity in Organic Synthesis Robert S. Ward, 1999-05-04 Selectivity is an increasingly important part of organic synthesis. The whole basis of organic chemistry, and especially organic synthesis, depends upon the selectivity which can be achieved in organic reactions. This concise textbook describes the strategies which can be adopted to improve selectivity, and the reactions which have been specially designed to afford high selectivity. The aim is to illustrate the range of processes to which these principles can be applied and the high degree of selectivity which can be achieved. Selectivity in Organic Synthesis aims to provide a solid introduction to this subject, focusing on the key areas and applications. |
| enantiomeric excess organic chemistry: Late-Stage Fluorination of Bioactive Molecules and Biologically-Relevant Substrates Al Postigo, 2018-09-10 Late-Stage Fluorination of Bioactive Molecules and Biologically-Relevant Substrates reviews how the use of these techniques on compounds with already known and relevant biological activity can provide new pharmaceutical leads with improved medicinal properties. The fluorination strategies discussed take into account both conventional and novel reagents, including nucleophilic, electrophilic, those of a radical nature, and diverse families of organic compounds, such as (hetero) aromatic rings and aliphatic substrates. Drawing on the authors' expert knowledge, this book provides researchers with a broad set of applicable methods to use in their work. |
| enantiomeric excess organic chemistry: Basic Principles of Organic Chemistry John D. Roberts, Marjorie C. Caserio, 1977 Introduction what is organic chemistry all about?; Structural organic chemistry the shapes of molecules functional groups; Organic nomenclature; Alkanes; Stereoisomerism of organic molecules; Bonding in organic molecules atomic-orbital models; More on nomenclature compounds other than hydrocarbons; Nucleophilic substitution and elimination reactions; Separation and purification identification of organic compounds by spectroscopic techniques; Alkenes and alkynes. Ionic and radical addition reactions; Alkenes and alkynes; Oxidation and reduction reactions; Acidity or alkynes. |
| enantiomeric excess organic chemistry: Molecular Optical Activity and the Chiral Discriminations Stephen F. Mason, 1982-10-14 Good,No Highlights,No Markup,all pages are intact, Slight Shelfwear,may have the corners slightly dented, may have slight color changes/slightly damaged spine. |
| enantiomeric excess organic chemistry: Environmental Organic Chemistry René P. Schwarzenbach, Philip M. Gschwend, Dieter M. Imboden, 2005-06-24 Environmental Organic Chemistry focuses on environmental factors that govern the processes that determine the fate of organic chemicals in natural and engineered systems. The information discovered is then applied to quantitatively assessing the environmental behaviour of organic chemicals. Now in its 2nd edition this book takes a more holistic view on physical-chemical properties of organic compounds. It includes new topics that address aspects of gas/solid partitioning, bioaccumulation, and transformations in the atmosphere. Structures chapters into basic and sophisticated sections Contains illustrative examples, problems and case studies Examines the fundamental aspects of organic, physical and inorganic chemistry - applied to environmentally relevant problems Addresses problems and case studies in one volume |
| enantiomeric excess organic chemistry: Qualitative Analysis International Correspondence Schools, 1905 |
| enantiomeric excess organic chemistry: Essentials of Organic Chemistry Paul M. Dewick, 2013-03-20 Essentials of Organic Chemistry is an accessible introduction to the subject for students of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry and Biological Chemistry. Designed to provide a thorough grounding in fundamental chemical principles, the book focuses on key elements of organic chemistry and carefully chosen material is illustrated with the extensive use of pharmaceutical and biochemical examples. In order to establish links and similarities the book places prominence on principles and deductive reasoning with cross-referencing. This informal text also places the main emphasis on understanding and predicting reactivity rather than synthetic methodology as well as utilising a mechanism based layout and featuring annotated schemes to reduce the need for textual explanations. * tailored specifically to the needs of students of Pharmacy Medical Chemistry and Biological Chemistry * numerous pharmaceutical and biochemical examples * mechanism based layout * focus on principles and deductive reasoning This will be an invaluable reference for students of Pharmacy Medicinal and Biological Chemistry. |
| enantiomeric excess organic chemistry: Progress in Biological Chirality Gyula Palyi, Claudia Zucchi, Luciano Caglioti, 2004-12-13 Following on from Advances in BioChirality, Progress in Biological Chirality provides a unique summary and review of the most recent developments in the field of biochirality. Living organisms use only one enantiomer of chiral molecules in the majority of biologically important processes. The exact origin and mechanisms for this surprising selectivity are not yet known. This book discusses current research aimed at identifying the scientific reasons that may contribute to this phenomenon. Progress in Biological Chirality takes an interdisciplinary approach to this exciting field, covering a wide range of topics, such as, theory, palaeontology and food technology, to name but a few. This book presents findings via a broad spectrum of scientific approaches making it an excellent overview of Biological Chirality, suitable for postgraduate students, practitioners and researchers in the field of chemistry, biochemistry, biology, palaeontology, and food science with an interest in Chirality. - This book contains 32 chapters written by Authors, who are leading authorities in the field - Presents the most recent research taking place in this highly challenging field - Contains both reference material for the specialist and provides an overview for those who are interested in the fundamental problems of biology and chemistry |
| enantiomeric excess organic chemistry: High-resolution NMR Techniques in Organic Chemistry T. Claridge, 1999-12-24 From the initial observation of proton magnetic resonance in water and in paraffin, the discipline of nuclear magnetic resonance has seen unparalleled growth as an analytical method. Modern NMR spectroscopy is a highly developed, yet still evolving, subject which finds application in chemistry, biology, medicine, materials science and geology. In this book, emphasis is on the more recently developed methods of solution-state NMR applicable to chemical research, which are chosen for their wide applicability and robustness. These have, in many cases, already become established techniques in NMR laboratories, in both academic and industrial establishments. A considerable amount of information and guidance is given on the implementation and execution of the techniques described in this book. |
| enantiomeric excess organic chemistry: Atropisomerism And Axial Chirality Jose M Lassaletta, 2019-05-23 Chapter contribution from Ben Feringa, Nobel Laureate in Chemistry 2016.Atropisomerism and Axial Chirality provides a global survey of the chemistry of axially chiral compounds including biaryls, heterobiaryls, non-biaryl atropisomers, allenes and spyrocyclic derivatives. From the perspective of a synthetic organic chemist, this book provides a unique compilation of the available methodologies for their synthesis, with emphasis on the most efficient and modern strategies, a review of the huge amount of practical applications in the field of asymmetric catalysis, either as transition metal ligands or as organocatalysts, and an overview of their occurrence as bioactive compounds and natural products.The first of its kind, this book serves as a general introduction and a practical reference to advanced chemistry students and researchers, while also offering creative ideas for further developments in the field. |
| enantiomeric excess organic chemistry: Organic Chemistry Michael B. Smith, 2011-06-29 Based on the premise that many, if not most, reactions in organic chemistry can be explained by variations of fundamental acid-base concepts, Organic Chemistry: An Acid–Base Approach provides a framework for understanding the subject that goes beyond mere memorization. The individual steps in many important mechanisms rely on acid–base reactions, and the ability to see these relationships makes understanding organic chemistry easier. Using several techniques to develop a relational understanding, this textbook helps students fully grasp the essential concepts at the root of organic chemistry. Providing a practical learning experience with numerous opportunities for self-testing, the book contains: Checklists of what students need to know before they begin to study a topic Checklists of concepts to be fully understood before moving to the next subject area Homework problems directly tied to each concept at the end of each chapter Embedded problems with answers throughout the material Experimental details and mechanisms for key reactions The reactions and mechanisms contained in the book describe the most fundamental concepts that are used in industry, biological chemistry and biochemistry, molecular biology, and pharmacy. The concepts presented constitute the fundamental basis of life processes, making them critical to the study of medicine. Reflecting this emphasis, most chapters end with a brief section that describes biological applications for each concept. This text provides students with the skills to proceed to the next level of study, offering a fundamental understanding of acids and bases applied to organic transformations and organic molecules. |
| enantiomeric excess organic chemistry: Fundamentals of Asymmetric Catalysis Patrick J. Walsh, Marisa C. Kozlowski, 2009-01-02 This work describes the essential aspects of enantioselective catalysis, with chapters organised by concept rather than by reaction type. Each concept is supported by examples to give the reader broad exposure to a wide range of catalysts, reactions and reaction mechanisms. |
| enantiomeric excess organic chemistry: Stereochemistry Anil V. Karnik, Mohammed Hasan, 2021-07-21 Stereochemistry: A Three-Dimensional Insight draws on the knowledge of its expert authors, providing a systematic treatment on the fundamental aspects of stereochemistry, covering conformational aspects, configurational aspects, effects of bulkiness, stereoelectronic effects on properties of molecules, and the genesis of enantiomerism, among other topics. Visuals and exercises are included to consolidate the principles learned, and the contents are carefully structured to prepare readers for predicting and organizing reaction components to obtain desired stereochemical outcomes. This book is an indispensable guide for all those exploring stereochemistry within their work. The principles of stereochemistry are fundamental to understanding chemical behavior and can provide insights into a whole range of problems, from unusual selectivity and unexpected behaviors, to abnormally fast reactions and surprising biochemical preferences. However, understanding and exploring these 3D effects can be difficult within a 2D medium. This book has been designed to address this problem, providing foundational guidance on the principles and applications of stereochemistry that are fully supported by multimedia visuals. - Combines foundational concepts and definitions with examples of stereochemistry in practice - Highlights the conformational and configurational impact of atomic arrangement on chemical behavior - Outlines methods of analysis - Provides practical exercises and detailed multimedia visuals to support learning |
| enantiomeric excess organic chemistry: Advanced Organic Chemistry Francis A. Carey, Richard J. Sundberg, 2007-06-27 The two-part, fifth edition of Advanced Organic Chemistry has been substantially revised and reorganized for greater clarity. The material has been updated to reflect advances in the field since the previous edition, especially in computational chemistry. Part A covers fundamental structural topics and basic mechanistic types. It can stand-alone; together, with Part B: Reaction and Synthesis, the two volumes provide a comprehensive foundation for the study in organic chemistry. Companion websites provide digital models for study of structure, reaction and selectivity for students and exercise solutions for instructors. |
| enantiomeric excess organic chemistry: Differentiation of Enantiomers I Volker Schurig, 2013-12-16 The series Topics in Current Chemistry presents critical reviews of the present and future trends in modern chemical research. The scope of coverage is all areas of chemical science including the interfaces with related disciplines such as biology, medicine and materials science. The goal of each thematic volume is to give the non-specialist reader, whether in academia or industry, a comprehensive insight into an area where new research is emerging which is of interest to a larger scientific audience. Each review within the volume critically surveys one aspect of that topic and places it within the context of the volume as a whole. The most significant developments of the last 5 to 10 years are presented using selected examples to illustrate the principles discussed. The coverage is not intended to be an exhaustive summary of the field or include large quantities of data, but should rather be conceptual, concentrating on the methodological thinking that will allow the non-specialist reader to understand the information presented. Contributions also offer an outlook on potential future developments in the field. |
| enantiomeric excess organic chemistry: Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis Takahiko Akiyama, Iwao Ojima, 2022-05-27 Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis Seminal text presenting detailed accounts of the most important catalytic asymmetric reactions known today This book covers the preparation of enantiomerically pure or enriched chemical compounds by use of chiral catalyst molecules. While reviewing the most important catalytic methods for asymmetric organic synthesis, this book highlights the most important and recent developments in catalytic asymmetric synthesis. Edited by two well-qualified experts, sample topics covered in the work include: Metal catalysis, organocatalysis, photoredox catalysis, enzyme catalysis C–H bond functionalization reactions Carbon–carbon bond formation reactions, carbon–halogen bond formation reactions, hydrogenations, polymerizations, flow reactions Axially chiral compounds Retaining the best of its predecessors but now thoroughly up to date with the important and recent developments in catalytic asymmetric synthesis, the 4th edition of Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis serves as an excellent desktop reference and text for researchers and students, from upper-level undergraduates all the way to experienced professionals in industry or academia. |
| enantiomeric excess organic chemistry: Asymmetric Catalysis In Organic Synthesis Ryoji Noyori, 1994-02-03 Deals with basic principles of asymmetric catalysis focusing on its synthetic significance. Covers homogeneous asymmetric hydrogenation, asymmetric catalysis via chiral metal complexes, heterogeneous catalysis and non-organometallic catalysis. The collection of a range of stereoselective reactions illustrate various strategies and methodologies as well as their general utility. |
| enantiomeric excess organic chemistry: March's Advanced Organic Chemistry Michael B. Smith, Jerry March, 2007-01-29 The Sixth Edition of a classic in organic chemistry continues its tradition of excellence Now in its sixth edition, March's Advanced Organic Chemistry remains the gold standard in organic chemistry. Throughout its six editions, students and chemists from around the world have relied on it as an essential resource for planning and executing synthetic reactions. The Sixth Edition brings the text completely current with the most recent organic reactions. In addition, the references have been updated to enable readers to find the latest primary and review literature with ease. New features include: More than 25,000 references to the literature to facilitate further research Revised mechanisms, where required, that explain concepts in clear modern terms Revisions and updates to each chapter to bring them all fully up to date with the latest reactions and discoveries A revised Appendix B to facilitate correlating chapter sections with synthetic transformations |
| enantiomeric excess organic chemistry: Chiral Analysis Kenneth W. Busch, Marianna A. Busch, 2011-10-13 Chiral Analysis covers an important area of analytical chemistry of relevance to a wide variety of scientific professionals. The target audience is scientific professionals with an undergraduate background in chemistry or a related discipline, specifically organic chemists, researchers in drug discovery, pharmaceutical researchers involved with process analysis or combinatorial libraries, and graduate students in chemistry. Chapters have been written with the nonspecialist in mind so as to be self-contained.* Broad coverage - spectroscopic and separation methods covered in a single volume* Up-to-date and detailed review of the various techniques available and/or under development in this field* Contributions from leading experts in the field |
| enantiomeric excess organic chemistry: Techniques in Organic Chemistry Jerry R. Mohrig, Christina Noring Hammond, Paul F. Schatz, 2006 Is the most comprehensive and detailed presentation of lab techniques available for organic chemistry students - and the least expensive. It combines specific instructions for 3 different kinds kinds of laboratory glassware and offers extensive coverage of spectroscopic techniques and a strong emphasis on safety issues. |
| enantiomeric excess organic chemistry: Chiral Reagents for Asymmetric Synthesis Leo A. Paquette, 2003-08-01 Derived from the renowned, Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis (EROS), the related editors have created a new handbook which focuses on chiral reagents used in asymmetric synthesis and is designed for the chemist at the bench. This new handbook follows the same format as the Encyclopedia, including an introduction and an alphabetical arrangement of the reagents. As chiral reagents are the key for the successful asymmetric synthesis, choosing the right reagents is essential, in this handy reference the editors give details on how to prepare, store and use the reagents as well as providing key reactions to demonstrate where reagents have been successfully used. Comprehensive information on 226 reagents Covers 64 reagents which were not included in EROS All information in one easy to use volume – at an affordable price All reagents included will be added to e-EROS – please visit the site where you can gain access to over 50,000 reactions and 3,800 of the most frequently consulted reagents. Visit: www.interscience.wiley.com/eros |
| enantiomeric excess organic chemistry: Amplification of Chirality Kenso Soai, 2008-07-11 Amplification of Chirality presents critical reviews of the present position and future trends in modern chemical research. The book contains short and concise reports on chemistry. Each is written by the world renowned experts. Still valid and useful after 5 or 10 years, more information as well as the electronic version of the whole content available at: springerlink.com. |
| enantiomeric excess organic chemistry: Chirality in Drug Design and Development Indra K. Reddy, Reza Mehvar, 2004-03-15 Covering every essential element in the development of chiral products, this reference provides a solid overview of the formulation, biopharmaceutical characteristics, and regulatory issues impacting the production of these pharmaceuticals. It supports researchers as they evaluate the pharmacodynamic, pharmacokinetic, and toxicological characteristics of specific enantiomers and chiral drug compounds and addresses in one convenient reference all the major challenges pertaining to drug chirality that have been neglected in the literature. Chirality in Drug Design and Development collects the latest studies from an interdisciplinary team of experts on chiral drug design. |
| enantiomeric excess organic chemistry: Chiral Liquid Chromatography w Lough, 2012-12-06 While working as a chromatographer in the pharmaceutical industry, it became apparent to the editor that there was a pressing need for a comprehensive reference text for analysts working on the resolution of enantiomers by liquid chromatography (LC). This need arises from the fact that, whereas previously it was very difficult to determine enantiomers by direct means, there is now a wide choice of direct LC methods. At the same time, regulatory authorities have been changing their attitudes towards the administration of pharmaceuticals as racemates, partly because it is now possible to study the individual enantiomers. Clearly this abundance of new information needs to be rationalized. More importantly, the chiral LC systems which are commercially available or readily accessible to the practising chromatographer needed to be reviewed and, to a much greater extent than in existing reviews or books, discussed in terms of their practical application. Accordingly this book is very much orientated towards the practical aspects of these commercially available and readily accessible chiral LC systems. To this end, it is written for practising chromatographers by a team of practising, experienced chromatographers who have spent many years tackling the problems presented by resolving enantiomers by LC. The practical aspects of common chiral LC systems cannot be fully understood if discussed in isolation. |
| enantiomeric excess organic chemistry: Chiral Separation Techniques G. Subramanian, 2001 This is a completely revised and updated sequel to 'A Practical Approach to Chiral Separations by Liquid Chromatography' by the same editor. The scope has been extended to further chiral separation techniques like electrophoresis, membrane separations, or biological assays. More emphasis is put on preparative separation techniques. From reviews of the previous edition: 'A team of experts from academic and industrial laboratories throughout the world have compiled their findings and experience to make this book an exceptionally timely and unique contribution to the field' European Journal of Drug Metabolism 'The dense mass of information contained in this book will make it a valuable resource ...' Chemical Engineering Research '... this is a worthwhile addition to the expanding chiral literature and the book should be of value to those working in this field' The Analyst |
| enantiomeric excess organic chemistry: Amino Acids and the Asymmetry of Life Uwe Meierhenrich, 2008-08-15 How did life originate and why were left-handed molecules selected for its architecture? This question of high public and interdisciplinary scientific interest is the central theme of this book. It is widely known that in processes triggering the origin of life on Earth, the equal occurrence, the parity between left-handed amino acids and their right-handed mirror images, was violated. The balance was inevitably tipped to the left – as a result of which life's proteins today exclusively implement the left form of amino acids. Written in an engaging style, this book describes how the basic building blocks of life, the amino acids, formed. After a comprehensible introduction to stereochemistry, the author addresses the inherent property of amino acids in living organisms, namely the preference for left-handedness. What was the cause for the violation of parity of amino acids in the emergence of life on Earth? All the fascinating models proposed by physicists, chemists and biologist are vividly presented including the scientific conflicts. The author describes the attempt to verify any of those models with the chirality module of the ROSETTA mission, a probe built and launched with the mission to land on a comet and analyse whether there are chiral organic compounds that could have been brought to the Earth by cometary impacts. A truly interdisciplinary astrobiology book, Amino Acids and the Asymmetry of Life will fascinate students, researchers and all readers with backgrounds in natural sciences. With a foreword by Henri B. Kagan. |
| enantiomeric excess organic chemistry: Novel Optical Resolution Technologies Kenichi Sakai, Noriaki Hirayama, Rui Tamura, 2007-01-30 With contributions by numerous experts |
| enantiomeric excess organic chemistry: Side Reactions in Organic Synthesis Florencio Zaragoza Dörwald, 2006-03-06 Most syntheses in the chemical research laboratory fail and usually require several attempts before proceeding satisfactorily. Failed syntheses are not only discouraging and frustrating, but also cost a lot of time and money. Many failures may, however, be avoided by understanding the structure-reactivity relationship of organic compounds. This textbook highlights the competing processes and limitations of the most important reactions used in organic synthesis. By allowing chemists to quickly recognize potential problems this book will help to improve their efficiency and success-rate. A must for every graduate student but also for every chemist in industry and academia. Contents: 1 Organic Synthesis: General Remarks 2 Stereoelectronic Effects and Reactivity 3 The Stability of Organic Compounds 4 Aliphatic Nucleophilic Substitutions: Problematic Electrophiles 5 The Alkylation of Carbanions 6 The Alkylation of Heteroatoms 7 The Acylation of Heteroatoms 8 Palladium-Catalyzed C-C Bond Formation 9 Cyclizations 10 Monofunctionalization of Symmetric Difunctional Substrates |
| enantiomeric excess organic chemistry: The Essence of Chromatography C. F. Poole, 2003 General concepts in column chromatography -- The column in gas chromatography -- Instrumental aspects of gas chromatography -- The column in liquid chromatography -- Instrumental aspects of liquid chromatography -- Thin-layer chromatography -- Supercritical fluid chromatography -- Capillary-electromigration separation techniques -- Spectroscopic detectors for identification and quantification -- Separation of stereoisomers -- Laboratory-scale preparative chromatography. |
Optical Purity - Dalal Institute
Optical purity or the enantiomeric excess (ee) may simply be defined as the purity measurement used for chiral compounds and reflects the extent to which a sample contains one enantiomer …
How Reliable Are Enantiomeric Excess Measurements
Given the different factors that affect measurement reliability, we recommend practicing synthetic chemists follow the general guidelines given in Table 7 when carrying out routine chiral HPLC …
5eRacemates-EnantiomericExcess
Enantiomeric Excess (ee) If a mixture of enantiomers is not 1: l, then the rotations caused by each enantiomer will not completely cancel one another. Therefore, a sample containing both …
A Mass Spectrometry Method for the Determination of …
We explored at least two methods for determining enantiomeric excess (or rather a fraction of D isomer) while employing the guest exchange reaction. One method is to obtain apparent rate …
Optical Purity, Enantiomeric Excess and The Horeau Effect
The optical purity of enantimeric mixture deduced from specific rotation measuremenrs was found by Horeau to be different from its enantiomeric excess, which came to be known as the Horeau …
Chapter_06
The relationship between a chiral molecule and its mirror image is one that is enantiomeric. A chiral molecule and its mirror image are said to be enantiomers of each other
ed6b00355 1..6 - ACS Publications
ABSTRACT: An undergraduate chemistry experiment that draws from primary research is described. The experiment exploits chiral supramolecular assemblies for the determination of …
Chemical Shift Anisotropy-Based Measurement of …
Here we show three racemic mixtures of relatively large tetra-substituted pyrrolidines as examples for measuring enantiomeric excess via dif-ferences in residual chemical shift anisotropy …
ENANTIOMERIC EXCESS DETERMINATION OF PRIMARY AMINES
Certain organic compounds can exist in two variations, known as enantiomers. Such. compounds are characterized as being “chiral”. Enantiomers can exist in either R or S. terms of something …
slides_ch45_asymmetricsynthesis.ppt - University of Victoria
Enantiomeric excess is the most common way to report the level of enantioselectivity observed for a reaction. The ee is the amount (in %) of one enantiomer present subtracted from the amount …
51LA Exp7 W11
Calculate the enantiomeric excess (%ee) for the class sample using the literature optical rotations for the pure R and S enantiomers. NOTES FOR WRITING YOUR DISCUSSION: Your Theory …
Determination of Enantiomeric Excess in Pharmaceutical …
Some of the drugs that HPLC analytical technique has been used to determine their enantiomeric excess include but not limited to du-loxetine (antidepressant, urinary incontinence), fluoxetine …
Prediction of Enantiomeric Excess in a Catalytic Process: A ...
The enantiomeric excesses obtained with 296 chiral catalysts in the asymmetric hydrogen transfer to acetophenone are extracted from a combinatorial database constructed by Riant et al., and …
Subject Chemistry and Stereochemistry) Module No and Title
present. Fig. 1: Calculation of enatiomeric excess ( e e ) Example 1: If a sample contains eight moles of the excess enantiomer and two moles of the other enantiomer, t.
Enantioselective Michael addition : an experimental …
The enantiomeric excess can be determined by polarimetry and 1H NMR using the chiral lanthanide shift reagent Eu(hfc)3. This laboratory experiment bridges the gap between …
255PracticeExam2Fa11 - Widener University
(a) What is the % enantiomeric excess of the sample given that a pure sample of the (S) isomer has a specific rotation of –5.756°? (b) Which enantiomer is in excess, the (R) or the (S)?
Enantiomeric Excess Practice Problems .pdf - archive.ncarb.org
Enantiomeric Excess Practice Problems: , Separation of Enantiomers Matthew H. Todd,2014-05-06 In one handy volume this handbook summarizes the most common synthetic methods for …
Advanced Organic Chemistry - Sinica
Enantiomeric: Two stereoisomers are related by being non-superimposable mirror images. Chirality: Property of any molecule of being nonsuperimposable on its mirror image. …
Enantiomeric Excess Practice Problems (PDF)
Enantiomeric Excess Practice Problems: , Organic Chemistry David R. Klein,2017-08-14 In Organic Chemistry 3rd Edition Dr David Klein builds on the phenomenal success of the first …
Monosaccharides and Their Derivatives in Carbonaceous …
We then present the recent finding of sugar derivatives including sugar alcohols and several sugar acids: The latter compounds were found to possess unusual “D” enantiomeric (mirror-image) …
Optical Purity - Dalal Institute
Optical purity or the enantiomeric excess (ee) may simply be defined as the purity measurement used for chiral compounds and reflects the extent to which a sample contains one enantiomer …
How Reliable Are Enantiomeric Excess Measurements
Given the different factors that affect measurement reliability, we recommend practicing synthetic chemists follow the general guidelines given in Table 7 when carrying out routine chiral HPLC …
5eRacemates-EnantiomericExcess
Enantiomeric Excess (ee) If a mixture of enantiomers is not 1: l, then the rotations caused by each enantiomer will not completely cancel one another. Therefore, a sample containing both …
A Mass Spectrometry Method for the Determination of …
We explored at least two methods for determining enantiomeric excess (or rather a fraction of D isomer) while employing the guest exchange reaction. One method is to obtain apparent rate …
Optical Purity, Enantiomeric Excess and The Horeau Effect
The optical purity of enantimeric mixture deduced from specific rotation measuremenrs was found by Horeau to be different from its enantiomeric excess, which came to be known as the …
Chapter_06
The relationship between a chiral molecule and its mirror image is one that is enantiomeric. A chiral molecule and its mirror image are said to be enantiomers of each other
ed6b00355 1..6 - ACS Publications
ABSTRACT: An undergraduate chemistry experiment that draws from primary research is described. The experiment exploits chiral supramolecular assemblies for the determination of …
Chemical Shift Anisotropy-Based Measurement of …
Here we show three racemic mixtures of relatively large tetra-substituted pyrrolidines as examples for measuring enantiomeric excess via dif-ferences in residual chemical shift anisotropy …
ENANTIOMERIC EXCESS DETERMINATION OF PRIMARY …
Certain organic compounds can exist in two variations, known as enantiomers. Such. compounds are characterized as being “chiral”. Enantiomers can exist in either R or S. terms of something …
slides_ch45_asymmetricsynthesis.ppt - University of Victoria
Enantiomeric excess is the most common way to report the level of enantioselectivity observed for a reaction. The ee is the amount (in %) of one enantiomer present subtracted from the amount …
51LA Exp7 W11
Calculate the enantiomeric excess (%ee) for the class sample using the literature optical rotations for the pure R and S enantiomers. NOTES FOR WRITING YOUR DISCUSSION: Your Theory …
Determination of Enantiomeric Excess in Pharmaceutical …
Some of the drugs that HPLC analytical technique has been used to determine their enantiomeric excess include but not limited to du-loxetine (antidepressant, urinary incontinence), fluoxetine …
Prediction of Enantiomeric Excess in a Catalytic Process: A ...
The enantiomeric excesses obtained with 296 chiral catalysts in the asymmetric hydrogen transfer to acetophenone are extracted from a combinatorial database constructed by Riant et al., and …
Subject Chemistry and Stereochemistry) Module No and Title
present. Fig. 1: Calculation of enatiomeric excess ( e e ) Example 1: If a sample contains eight moles of the excess enantiomer and two moles of the other enantiomer, t.
Enantioselective Michael addition : an experimental …
The enantiomeric excess can be determined by polarimetry and 1H NMR using the chiral lanthanide shift reagent Eu(hfc)3. This laboratory experiment bridges the gap between …
255PracticeExam2Fa11 - Widener University
(a) What is the % enantiomeric excess of the sample given that a pure sample of the (S) isomer has a specific rotation of –5.756°? (b) Which enantiomer is in excess, the (R) or the (S)?
Enantiomeric Excess Practice Problems .pdf - archive.ncarb.org
Enantiomeric Excess Practice Problems: , Separation of Enantiomers Matthew H. Todd,2014-05-06 In one handy volume this handbook summarizes the most common synthetic methods for …
Advanced Organic Chemistry - Sinica
Enantiomeric: Two stereoisomers are related by being non-superimposable mirror images. Chirality: Property of any molecule of being nonsuperimposable on its mirror image. …
Enantiomeric Excess Practice Problems (PDF)
Enantiomeric Excess Practice Problems: , Organic Chemistry David R. Klein,2017-08-14 In Organic Chemistry 3rd Edition Dr David Klein builds on the phenomenal success of the first …
Monosaccharides and Their Derivatives in Carbonaceous …
We then present the recent finding of sugar derivatives including sugar alcohols and several sugar acids: The latter compounds were found to possess unusual “D” enantiomeric (mirror-image) …
