English Based Creole Language

  english based creole language: The Atlas of Pidgin and Creole Language Structures Susanne Maria Michaelis, Philippe Maurer, Martin Haspelmath, Magnus Huber, 2013-09-05 The Atlas presents commentaries and colour maps showing how 130 linguistic features - phonological, syntactic, morphological, and lexical - are distributed among the world's pidgins and creoles. Designed and written by the world's leading experts, it is a unique resource of outstanding value for linguists of all persuasions throughout the world.
  english based creole language: Our Magnificent Bastard Tongue John McWhorter, 2009-10-27 A survey of the quirks and quandaries of the English language, focusing on our strange and wonderful grammar Why do we say “I am reading a catalog” instead of “I read a catalog”? Why do we say “do” at all? Is the way we speak a reflection of our cultural values? Delving into these provocative topics and more, Our Magnificent Bastard Language distills hundreds of years of fascinating lore into one lively history. Covering such turning points as the little-known Celtic and Welsh influences on English, the impact of the Viking raids and the Norman Conquest, and the Germanic invasions that started it all during the fifth century ad, John McWhorter narrates this colorful evolution with vigor. Drawing on revolutionary genetic and linguistic research as well as a cache of remarkable trivia about the origins of English words and syntax patterns, Our Magnificent Bastard Tongue ultimately demonstrates the arbitrary, maddening nature of English— and its ironic simplicity due to its role as a streamlined lingua franca during the early formation of Britain. This is the book that language aficionados worldwide have been waiting for (and no, it’s not a sin to end a sentence with a preposition).
  english based creole language: An Introduction to Pidgins and Creoles John Holm, 2000 A clear and concise introduction to the study of how new languages come into being.
  english based creole language: Pidgins and Creoles Jacques Arends, Pieter Muysken, Norval Smith, 1994-12-20 This introduction to the linguistic study of pidgin and creole languages is clearly designed as an introductory course book. It does not demand a high level of previous linguistic knowledge. Part I: General Aspects and Part II: Theories of Genesis constitute the core for presentation and discussion in the classroom, while Part III: Sketches of Individual Languages (such as Eskimo Pidgin, Haitian, Saramaccan, Shaba Swahili, Fa d'Ambu, Papiamentu, Sranan, Berbice Dutch) and Part IV: Grammatical Features (such as TMA particles and auxiliaries, noun phrases, reflexives, serial verbs, fronting) can form the basis for further exploration. A concluding chapter draws together the different strands of argumentation, and the annotated list provides the background information on several hundred pidgins, creoles and mixed languages. Diversity rather than unity is taken to be the central theme, and for the first time in an introduction to pidgins and creoles, the Atlantic creoles receive the attention they deserve. Pidgins are not treated as necessarily an intermediate step on the way to creoles, but as linguistic entities in their own right with their own characteristics. In addition to pidgins, mixed languages are treated in a separate chapter. Research on pidgin and creole languages during the past decade has yielded an abundance of uncovered material and new insights. This introduction, written jointly by the creolists of the University of Amsterdam, could not have been written without recourse to this new material.
  english based creole language: The Survey of Pidgin and Creole Languages Susanne Michaelis, 2013 The most authoritative guide ever published to the world's pidgin and creole languages. The 3-volume Survey describes their histories and linguistic characteristics. The Atlas of Pidgins and Creoles, published at the same time, shows how 130 linguistic features are distributed among the world's languages.
  english based creole language: Jamaican Creole and Tok Pisin. Grammatical Similarities and Differences Between English Based Creole Languages Maximilian Bauer, 2015-12-11 Seminar paper from the year 2011 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 1,7, University of Würzburg (Neuphilologisches Institut), course: Dialects of English, language: English, abstract: As Colonization in Europe emerged more and more countries all over the world were seized by Spanish, German, Dutch, Danish and English troops. As there was a problem of communication a new language between the English troops and settlers and the native people came up that is nowadays called a Pidgin language. It was a mixture of the indigenous language and the language of the invaders from Europe. When later the British brought the first slaves from other colonies mostly in Africa they also had a huge impact on this Pidgin language. As the time went by more and more of these colonies declared their independence but most of the influences to the life and the country in the colonies seemed irreversible. A very important impact was the one on the language of the former natives by African slaves and European settlers that inhabited the colonies for a long time. These influences can still be seen in modern times in education, lifestyle and of course the language. The Pidgin languages all over the world – today most of them developed to creoles – are still spoken. They have some distinct features in common but they also show differences concerning grammatical or syntactical features even if the spelling seems to be nearly the same. Therefore in my opinion it is worthwhile taking a closer look to those similarities and differences between Pidgin and Creole languages all over the world and to pick out some appropriate examples that maybe do not share a continent, but instead share linguistic features derived from actions and happenings of a former time whose impacts are still seen today.
  english based creole language: The Missing Spanish Creoles John McWhorter, 2000-07-03 A controversial new analysis of the development of New World creole languages among slaves. Mc Whorter makes a vast amount of new data available in his book, and posits that New World creole languages developed in West Africa, not on the plantations in the New World.
  english based creole language: Sranan Tongo - An english-based creole in the republic of Suriname Ulrike Römer, 2007-12-03 Seminar paper from the year 2006 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 2,0, University of Leipzig (Institute for British Studies), course: Pidgin & Creole, language: English, abstract: Pidgins and Creoles occur all over the world and they have been given more and more scholarly attention. Loreto Todd states that “references to their existence go back to the Middle Ages” . In a simplified way, Pidgins and Creoles are mixed languages which have been used when speakers of unlike languages were not able to communicate sufficiently, for instance traders coming from different countries. [...] One example of an English-based Creole is Sranan Tongo which is used in the Republic of Suriname. [...] The available paper shall deal with the geographical setting, the history and the sociocultural and sociolinguistic background of Sranan Tongo. Furthermore, it shall give a linguistic description including a text sample of the Creole. [...]
  english based creole language: Central American English John A. Holm, Geneviève Escure, 1983 This volume is about the Anglophone creoles to be found on the Caribbean coast of Central America (Belize, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama), and its offshore islands (Providencia, San Andrés and the Caymans) . The study of these Anglophone varieties is comparatively recent and based on current field work from Belize to Panama. One of the interesting features that emerges is the tentative map of diachronic and synchronic relationsships among the Anglophone creoles of the Caribbean, as illustrated partly by the lexicon and partly by grammatical constructions. The studies in this book are based on phonetic transcriptions of speech acts in their social and linguistic context.
  english based creole language: Handbook of Categorization in Cognitive Science Henri Cohen, Claire Lefebvre, 2017-06-03 Handbook of Categorization in Cognitive Science, Second Edition presents the study of categories and the process of categorization as viewed through the lens of the founding disciplines of the cognitive sciences, and how the study of categorization has long been at the core of each of these disciplines. The literature on categorization reveals there is a plethora of definitions, theories, models and methods to apprehend this central object of study. The contributions in this handbook reflect this diversity. For example, the notion of category is not uniform across these contributions, and there are multiple definitions of the notion of concept. Furthermore, the study of category and categorization is approached differently within each discipline. For some authors, the categories themselves constitute the object of study, whereas for others, it is the process of categorization, and for others still, it is the technical manipulation of large chunks of information. Finally, yet another contrast has to do with the biological versus artificial nature of agents or categorizers. - Defines notions of category and categorization - Discusses the nature of categories: discrete, vague, or other - Explores the modality effects on categories - Bridges the category divide - calling attention to the bridges that have already been built, and avenues for further cross-fertilization between disciplines
  english based creole language: Pidgin Grammar Kent Sakoda, Jeff Siegel, 2003 Devoted to a serious description of Pidgin origins and grammar, this work on Pidgin grammar does not require knowledge of linguistics. This reference is useful for anyone wanting to know more about this unique language of the Hawaiian Islands.
  english based creole language: The Lesser-Known Varieties of English Daniel Schreier, Peter Trudgill, Edgar W. Schneider, Jeffrey P. Williams, 2010-03-04 This is the first ever volume to compile sociolinguistic and historical information on lesser-known, and relatively ignored, native varieties of English around the world. Exploring areas as diverse as the Pacific, South America, the South Atlantic and West Africa, it shows how these varieties are as much part of the big picture as major varieties and that their analysis is essential for addressing some truly important issues in linguistic theory, such as dialect obsolescence and death, language birth, dialect typology and genetic classification, patterns of diffusion and transplantation and contact-induced language change. It also shows how close interwoven fields such as social history, contact linguistics and variationist sociolinguistics are in accounting for their formation and maintenance, providing a thorough description of the lesser-known varieties of English and their relevance for language spread and change.
  english based creole language: The West Indian Language Issue in British Schools (1979) Viv Edwards, 2017-09-29 First published in 1979. The performance of West Indian children in British schools has been the subject of enquiries by both a parliamentary select committee and the Department of Education. It is widely believed that an important factor in the relative failure of West Indian children is the language they use, West Indian Creole, and while teachers and others who work with them are aware that their language is often very different from British English, they seldom understand the nature of the differences, or their implications. The aim of this book is to provide the non-specialist with an account of the language of West Indian children and to examine how linguistic ‘interference’ can affect their level of reading, writing and understanding, even when they have been born in Britain. It also considers the worrying possibility that negative attitudes towards them and their language may have an adverse effect on their motivation to learn standard English. Viv Edwards places great stress on the fact that, although Creole is different from British English, it is in no way deficient as a language. She emphasizes the importance of familiarity with the structure of Creole, since it is only in this way that the teachers can discriminate between real mistakes and Creole ‘interference’. Attention is drawn to the relationship between language attitudes and social stereotypes and the danger that these might be translated into reality. Different strategies available to the teacher are examined, drawing on American experience in this field, and various initiatives taken by British teachers are described, thus making the study a work of practical value to teachers and others.
  english based creole language: Pacific Pidgins and Creoles Darrell T. Tryon, Jean-Michel Charpentier, 2011-05-12 Pacific Pidgins and Creoles discusses the complex and fascinating history of English-based pidgins in the Pacific, especially the three closely related Melanesian pidgins: Tok Pisin, Pijin, and Bislama. The book details the central role of the port of Sydney and the linguistic synergies between Australia and the Pacific islands in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, the role of Pacific islander plantation labor overseas, and the differentiation which has taken place in the pidgins spoken in the Melanesian island states in the 20th century. It also looks at the future of Pacific pidgins at a time of increasing vernacular language endangerment.
  english based creole language: Pidgins and Creoles: Volume 2, Reference Survey John A. Holm, 1988 An overview of the socio-historical development of some one hundred different pidgins and creoles.
  english based creole language: The Routledge Handbook of Pidgin and Creole Languages Umberto Ansaldo, Miriam Meyerhoff, 2020-11-29 The Routledge Handbook of Pidgin and Creole Languages offers a state-of-the-art collection of original contributions in the area of Pidgin and Creole studies. Providing unique and equal coverage of nearly all parts of the world where such languages are found, as well as situating each area within a rich socio-historical context, this book presents fresh and diverse interdisciplinary perspectives from leading voices in the field. Divided into three sections, its analysis covers: Space and place – areal perspective on pidgin and creole languages Usage, function and power – sociolinguistic and artistic perspectives on pidgins and creoles, creoles as sociocultural phenomena Framing of the study of pidgin and creole languages – history of the field, interdisciplinary connections Demonstrating how fundamentally human and natural these communication systems are, how rich in expressive power and sophisticated in their complexity, The Routledge Handbook of Pidgin and Creole Languages is an essential reference for anyone with an interest in this area.
  english based creole language: Understanding Jamaican Patois L. Emilie Adams, Llewelyn Adams, 1991
  english based creole language: A grammar of Pichi Kofi Yakpo, 2019 Pichi is an Afro-Caribbean English-lexifier Creole spoken on the island of Bioko, Equatorial Guinea. It is an offshoot of 19th century Krio (Sierra Leone) and shares many characteristics with West African relatives like Nigerian Pidgin, Cameroon Pidgin, and Ghanaian Pidgin English, as well as with the English-lexifier creoles of the insular and continental Caribbean. This comprehensive description presents a detailed analysis of the grammar and phonology of Pichi. It also includes a collection of texts and wordlists. Pichi features a nominative-accusative alignment, SVO word order, adjective-noun order, prenominal determiners, and prepositions. The language has a seven-vowel system and twenty-two consonant phonemes. Pichi has a two-tone system with tonal minimal pairs, morphological tone, and tonal processes. The morphological structure is largely isolating. Pichi has a rich system of tense-aspect-mood marking, an indicative-subjunctive opposition, and a complex copular system with several suppletive forms. Many features align Pichi with the Atlantic-Congo languages spoken in the West African littoral zone. At the same time, characteristics like the prenominal position of adjectives and determiners show a typological overlap with its lexifier English, while extensive contact with Spanish has left an imprint on the lexicon and grammar as well.
  english based creole language: Pidgins, Creoles and Mixed Languages Viveka Velupillai, 2015-04-15 This lucid and theory-neutral introduction to the study of pidgins, creoles and mixed languages covers both theoretical and empirical issues pertinent to the field of contact linguistics. Part I presents the theoretical background, with chapters devoted to the definition of terms, the sociohistorical settings, theories on the genesis of pidgins and creoles, as well as discussions on language variation and the sociology of language. Part II empirically tests assumptions made about the linguistic characteristics of pidgins and creoles by systematically comparing them with other natural languages in all linguistic domains. This is the first introduction that consistently applies the findings of the Atlas of Pidgin and Creole Language Structures and systematically includes extended pidgins and mixed languages in the discussion of each linguistic feature. The book is designed for students of courses with a focus on pidgins, creoles and mixed languages, as well as typologically oriented courses on contact linguistics.
  english based creole language: English in Jamaica Antje Bernstein, 2011-11 Seminar paper from the year 2006 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 1,3, Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, 14 entries in the bibliography, language: English, abstract: Throughout the last centuries the English language spread all over the world first and foremost due to the colonial politic of its motherland: Great Britain. Especially in the Caribbean the British empire had a lot of colonies in the past - one, in fact the biggest one, of these was Jamaica. Being one of the world's many English-speaking countries it is worth studying especially from a linguistic point of view because it is one of the few Caribbean countries in which a standard English and an English-based creole have been employed almost since its colonization. To get a precise picture of what English is like in Jamaica one has to consider the history of the Jamaican languages as well as the present situation. As a standard variety and a creole coexist in Jamaica, one has to look at both of them in isolation and at how they influence each other. Therefore it will not only be of interest to examine the function and some of the linguistic features of Jamaican English and the Jamaican creole but also the post-creole continuum. First of all, a look at the history will make clear how the English language developed in Jamaica. The following chapters will deal with Standard Jamaican English and Jamaican Creole in particular and, finally, the examination of the post-creole continuum will make the consequences of the mutual influence of these two languages clear. David L. Lawton's text English in the Caribbean and the book Linguistic Variation in Jamaica: A Corpus-Based Study of Radio and Newspaper Usage by Andrea Sand will form a useful basis for the study of the English language in Jamaica and will be completed by other subject-relevant literature. The aim of this term paper is to provide an insight into the linguistic diversity in Jamaica and thus to i
  english based creole language: Dictionary of the English/Creole of Trinidad & Tobago Lise Winer, 2009-01-16 Using the historical principles of the Oxford English Dictionary, Lise Winer presents the first scholarly dictionary of this unique language. The dictionary comprises over 12,200 entries, including over 4500 for flora and fauna alone, with numerous cross-references. Entries include definitions, alternative spellings, pronunciations, etymologies, grammatical information, and illustrative citations of usage. Winer draws from a wide range of sources - newspapers, literature, scientific reports, sound recordings of songs and interviews, spoken language - to provide a wealth and depth of language, clearly situated within a historical, cultural, and social context.
  english based creole language: Pidginization and Creolization of Languages International Conference On Pidgin And Creole Languages. 1968. Mona, Jamaique, 1971
  english based creole language: Negation and Negative Concord Viviane Déprez, Fabiola Henri, 2018-12-15 While universally present in languages, negation is well-known to manifest a surprising cross-linguistic diversity of forms. In creole languages, however, negation and negative dependencies have been regarded as largely uniform. Creole languages as Bickerton claims in Roots of Language, generally exhibit negative concord, a construction popularly dubbed ‘double negation’, where several expressions, each negative on its own, come together with a logic-defying single negation interpretation. While this construction – problematic for compositionality if the meaning of sentences emerge from the meaning of their parts – has fostered much research, the fertile data terrain that creole languages offer for its understanding is rarely taken into account. Aiming at bridging this gap, this book offers a wealth of theoretically informed empirical investigations of negative relations in a wide variety of creole languages. Uncovering a far more complex negative landscape than previously assumed, the book reveals the challenging richness that a thorough comparative study of creoles delivers.
  english based creole language: Language in Australia Suzanne Romaine, 1991 Linguists and non-linguists will find in this volume a guide and reference source to the rich linguistic heritage of Australia.
  english based creole language: The Cambridge Handbook of Sociolinguistics Rajend Mesthrie, 2011-10-06 The most comprehensive overview available, this Handbook is an essential guide to sociolinguistics today. Reflecting the breadth of research in the field, it surveys a range of topics and approaches in the study of language variation and use in society. As well as linguistic perspectives, the handbook includes insights from anthropology, social psychology, the study of discourse and power, conversation analysis, theories of style and styling, language contact and applied sociolinguistics. Language practices seem to have reached new levels since the communications revolution of the late twentieth century. At the same time face-to-face communication is still the main force of language identity, even if social and peer networks of the traditional face-to-face nature are facing stiff competition of the Facebook-to-Facebook sort. The most authoritative guide to the state of the field, this handbook shows that sociolinguistics provides us with the best tools for understanding our unfolding evolution as social beings.
  english based creole language: Degrees of Restructuring in Creole Languages Ingrid Neumann-Holzschuh, Edgar Werner Schneider, 2000 Basic notions in the field of creole studies, including the category of “creole languages” itself, have been questioned in recent years: Can creoles be defined on structural or on purely sociohistorical grounds? Can creolization be understood as a graded process, possibly resulting in different degrees of “radicalness” and intermediate language types (“semi-creoles”)? If so, by which linguistic structures are these characterized, and by which extralinguistic conditions have they been brought about? Which are the linguistic mechanisms underlying processes of restructuring, and how did grammaticalization and reanalysis shape the reorganization of linguistic, specifically morphosyntactic structures commonly called “creolization”? What is the role of language contact, language mixing, substrates and superstrates, or demographic factors in these processes? This volume provides select and revised papers from a 1998 colloquium at the University of Regensburg in which these questions were addressed. 19 contributions by renowned scholars discuss structural, sociohistorical and theoretical aspects, building upon case studies of both Romance-based and English-oriented creoles. This book marks a major step forward in our understanding of the nature of creolization.
  english based creole language: Language Change and Language Contact in Pidgins and Creoles John McWhorter, 2000-05-15 This book collects a selection of fifteen papers presented at three meetings of the Society for Pidgin and Creole Linguistics in 1996 and 1997. The focus is on papers which approach issues in creole studies with novel perspectives, address understudied pidgin and creole varieties, or compellingly argue for controversial positions. The papers demonstrate how pidgins and creoles shed light on issues such as verb movement, contact-induced language change and its gradations, discourse management via tense-aspect particles, language genesis, substratal transfer, and Universal Grammar, and cover a wide range of contact languages, ranging from English- and French-based creoles through Portuguese creoles of Africa and Asia, Sango, Popular Brazilian Portuguese, West African Pidgin Englishes, and Hawaiian Creole English.
  english based creole language: Pidgin and Creole Languages Suzanne Romaine, 2017-09-08 This book defines and describes the linguistic features of these languages and considers the dynamic developments that bring them into being and lead to changes in their structure.
  english based creole language: English-Haitian Creole Bilingual Dictionary Albert Valdman, Marvin D. Moody, Thomas E. Davies, 2017-04-06 Haitian Creole (HC) is spoken by approximately 11,000,000 persons in Haiti and in diaspora communities in the United States and throughout the Caribbean. Thus, it is of great utility to Anglophone professionals engaged in various activities—medical, social, educational, welfare— in these regions. As the most widely spoken and best described creole language, a knowledge of its vocabulary is of interest and utility to scholars in a variety of disciplines. The English-Haitian Creole Bilingual Dictionary (EHCBD) aims to assist anglophone users in constructing written and oral discourse in HC; it also will aid HC speakers to translate from English to their language. As the most elaborate and extensive linguistic tool available, it contains about 30 000 individual entries, many of which have multiple senses and include subentries, multiword phrases or idioms. The distinguishing feature of the EHCBD is the inclusion of translated sentence-length illustrative examples that provide important information on usage.
  english based creole language: The Creole Debate John H. McWhorter, 2018-05-17 A compelling argument for why creoles are their own unique entity, which have developed independently of other processes of language development and change.
  english based creole language: Creoles in Education Bettina Migge, Isabelle Léglise, Angela Bartens, 2010 This volume offers a first survey of projects from around the world that seek to implement Creole languages in education. In contrast to previous works, this volume takes a holistic approach. Chapters discuss the sociolinguistic, educational and ideological context of projects, policy developments and project implementation, development and evaluation. It compares different kinds of educational activities focusing on Creoles and discusses a list of procedures that are necessary for successfully developing, evaluating and reforming educational activities that aim to integrate Creole languages in a viable and sustainable manner into formal education. The chapters are written by practitioners and academics involved in educational projects. They serve as a resource for practitioners, academics and persons wishing to devise or adapt educational initiatives. It is suitable for use in upper level undergraduate and post-graduate modules dealing with language and education with a focus on lesser used languages.
  english based creole language: Contact Languages Mark Sebba, 1997-05-19 Contact Languages: Pidgins and Creoles aims to introduce the reader to the exciting and important field of pidgin and creole studies. The book deals with the linguistic, historical and social aspects of the development of pidgin and creole languages. Detailed case studies of individual pidgins and creoles are based around texts drawn from a range of different types and contexts (mainly contemporary), with discussion and grammatical notes. Chapters are interspersed with exercises to consolidate and develop the reader's understanding.
  english based creole language: Linguistic Change under Contact Conditions Jacek Fisiak, 2010-12-14 TRENDS IN LINGUISTICS is a series of books that open new perspectives in our understanding of language. The series publishes state-of-the-art work on core areas of linguistics across theoretical frameworks as well as studies that provide new insights by building bridges to neighbouring fields such as neuroscience and cognitive science. TRENDS IN LINGUISTICS considers itself a forum for cutting-edge research based on solid empirical data on language in its various manifestations, including sign languages. It regards linguistic variation in its synchronic and diachronic dimensions as well as in its social contexts as important sources of insight for a better understanding of the design of linguistic systems and the ecology and evolution of language. TRENDS IN LINGUISTICS publishes monographs and outstanding dissertations as well as edited volumes, which provide the opportunity to address controversial topics from different empirical and theoretical viewpoints. High quality standards are ensured through anonymous reviewing.
  english based creole language: Da Jesus Book Joe Grimes, 2000 Da Good An Spesho Book is the full Bible in Hawaii Pidgin. It contains Da Befo Jesus Book (Old Testament) and Da Jesus Book (New Testament, revised).
  english based creole language: Creole Studies – Phylogenetic Approaches Peter Bakker, Finn Borchsenius, Carsten Levisen, Eeva M. Sippola, 2017-05-31 This book launches a new approach to creole studies founded on phylogenetic network analysis. Phylogenetic approaches offer new visualisation techniques and insights into the relationships between creoles and non-creoles, creoles and other contact varieties, and between creoles and lexifier languages. With evidence from creole languages in Africa, Asia, the Americas, and the Pacific, the book provides new perspectives on creole typology, cross-creole comparisons, and creole semantics. The book offers an introduction for newcomers to the fields of creole studies and phylogenetic analysis. Using these methods to analyse a variety of linguistic features, both structural and semantic, the book then turns to explore old and new questions and problems in creole studies. Original case studies explore the differences and similarities between creoles, and propose solutions to the problems of how to classify creoles and how they formed and developed. The book provides a fascinating glimpse into the unity and heterogeneity of creoles and the areal influences on their development. It also provides metalinguistic discussions of the “creole” concept from different perspectives. Finally, the book reflects critically on the findings and methods, and sets new agendas for future studies. Creole Studies has been written for a broad readership of scholars and students in the fields of contact linguistics, biolinguistics, sociolinguistics, language typology, and semantics.
  english based creole language: Holy Bible (NIV) Various Authors,, 2008-09-02 The NIV is the world's best-selling modern translation, with over 150 million copies in print since its first full publication in 1978. This highly accurate and smooth-reading version of the Bible in modern English has the largest library of printed and electronic support material of any modern translation.
  english based creole language: Agency in the Emergence of Creole Languages Nicholas Faraclas, 2012 Suitable for those who are looking for fresh perspectives on the process of creolization of language, this book demonstrates how enterprising women, rebellious slaves, insubordinate sailors, and a host of other renegades and maroons had a major impact on the creolized societies, cultures, and languages of the colonial era Atlantic and Pacific.
  english based creole language: Language Contact in the Early Colonial Pacific Emanuel J. Drechsel, 2014-03-27 This volume presents a historical-sociolinguistic description and analysis of Maritime Polynesian Pidgin. It offers linguistic and sociohistorical substantiation for a regional Eastern Polynesian-based pidgin, and challenges conventional Eurocentric assumptions about early colonial contact in the eastern Pacific by arguing that Maritime Polynesian Pidgin preceded the introduction of Pidgin English by as much as a century. Emanuel J. Drechsel not only opens up new methodological avenues for historical-sociolinguistic research in Oceania by a combination of philology and ethnohistory, but also gives greater recognition to Pacific Islanders in early contact between cultures. Students and researchers working on language contact, language typology, historical linguistics and sociolinguistics will want to read this book. It redefines our understanding of how Europeans and Americans interacted with Pacific Islanders in Eastern Polynesia during early encounters and offers an alternative model of language contact.
  english based creole language: Pidgin and Creole Languages Alan S. Kaye, Mauro Tosco, 2001
  english based creole language: Bastard Tongues Derek Bickerton, 2008-03-04 Why Do Isolated Creole Languages Tend to Have Similar Grammatical Structures? Bastard Tongues is an exciting, firsthand story of scientific discovery in an area of research close to the heart of what it means to be human—what language is, how it works, and how it passes from generation to generation, even where historical accidents have made normal transmission almost impossible. The story focuses on languages so low in the pecking order that many people don't regard them as languages at all—Creole languages spoken by descendants of slaves and indentured laborers in plantation colonies all over the world. The story is told by Derek Bickerton, who has spent more than thirty years researching these languages on four continents and developing a controversial theory that explains why they are so similar to one another. A published novelist, Bickerton (once described as part scholar, part swashbuckling man of action) does not present his findings in the usual dry academic manner. Instead, you become a companion on his journey of discovery. You learn things as he learned them, share his disappointments and triumphs, explore the exotic locales where he worked, and meet the colorful characters he encountered along the way. The result is a unique blend of memoir, travelogue, history, and linguistics primer, appealing to anyone who has ever wondered how languages grow or what it's like to search the world for new knowledge.
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Pidgin and creole languages exist all over the world and they all carry unique interpretations from the contact language or languages that they are derived from. The Caribbean has an array of …

Table 1.44-- TOP 20 DETAILED LANGUAGES OTHER THAN …
Language other than English spoken at home Number of speakers Percent who speak a non-English language at home Speak English less than "very well" Percent who speak English ... 8 …

B ajan C re ol e - Archive.org
Jul 25, 2020 · Bajan / ˈbe ɪdʒən/ , or Barbadian Creole , is an English-based creole language with African and British influences spoken on the Caribbean island of Barbados . Bajan is primarily …

Pearson Edexcel Level 3 GCE January 2019 - Pearson …
An English-based creole language is a creole language derived from the English language. Most English creoles were formed in British colonies in the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries. The main …

LINGUISTIC LANDSCAPE AS A LANGUAGE LEARNING AND …
speaking Caribbean, the official language is English. However, in some territories such as St. Lucia, the vernacular is not an English-related Creole, but a French-lexicon Creole or patois. …

Advanced Level English Language - Pearson qualifications
Jun 8, 2016 · English-based creole language used in Singapore. Singapore Adopts Shiok Tactics To Improve English, Drop Singlish SINGAPORE – Phua Chu Kang, one of the most popular …

1. Nigerian Pidgin: Introduction 3 - martinschaefer.info
The majority of the English based Creole and Pidgin languages both at the Atlantic coast and the South Sea waive marking plurality on nouns or rather use it very optionally. Thus, the same …

Language Documentation and Description - lddjournal.org
Jaru is an endangered Australian Aboriginal language spoken in the East Kimberley region of Western Australia. Intergenerational transmission of Jaru is in the process of being disrupted …

An Exploration of Teachers’ and Pupils’ Attitudes and Beliefs
English-based creole in relation to standard English in BVI secondary English Language classrooms. Set against the backdrop of a post-colonial context, it employs a qualitative case …

What Is The Language Of The Bahamas / Yi-Tong Ma Full …
Many people speak an English-based creole language called Bahamian dialect (known simply as "dialect") or "Bahamianese". [135] Laurente Gibbs, a Bahamian writer and actor, was the first to …

Teacher language in Trinidad - University of Birmingham
while an English-based Creole is widely spoken, which in the case of Trinidad and Tobago is mainly mesolectal, though a basilectal variety also exists in the smaller island. The situation is, …

Tracing the history of a prosodic split in the Saramaccan lexicon
English-based creole, though its lexicon also shows substantial Portuguese influence (see, for ex-ample, Smith (1987b), Bakker et al. (1995), and Smith and Haabo (2004:526) for …

Because of t he. -high--iscidence-of structural - ed
For the fact is that attempting to teadh an English-based creole. language (which is what Jamaican L:reole is) to speakers of. standard Snglish is technically more'difficult and socio …

What Language Do They Speak In The Bahamas - A Gutmann …
one is an english based creole language and the what languages are spoken in the bahamas a linguistic jul 6 2024 english is ... people speak an english based creole language called …

Aspects of Trinidadian Creole - Simon Fraser University
ive language, for example, the English in China, where many different Chinese dialects are spoken. Pidgins are usually extremely limited in inner form, the morphol- ... Papiamento,-which …

Pidgin and Creole Languages - WordPress.com
Pidgin and Creole languages are distributed, mainly found in the Caribbean and around the North and East coasts of South America, around the coasts of Africa and across the Indian and …

Language, identity, and education of Caribbean English …
Spanish is dominant (e.g., English in Panama); (5) varieties of English-based Creole (the basilect) (cited in Morris, 1993: 19). Today, among Caribbean and other linguists, there is still debate ...

TSI Language wordlists - Deadly Story
system, grammar, vocabulary, usage and meaning. Torres Strait Creole (also known as Ailan Tok or Yumplatok) is spoken by most Torres Strait Islanders and is a mixture of Standard …

(Second immigrant of - ed
Although English is the official language in the Anglophone Caribbean, the mass vernacular is some variety of English-based Creole. Creolelanguages emerged from a unique language …

Language Attitude and Nigerian Pidgin - ajol.info
own right. Crystal argues that English based Creole is a major variety of modern English with its own linguistic complexities and not a substandard or inferior version of the English language. …

Adapting BERT to non-Western Dialects: A Case Study on …
such as Nigerian Pidgin English. Nigerian Pidgin is an English-based creole language spoken as a lingua franca across Nigeria, known for its unique syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic …

A Discrete Co-Systems Approach to Language Variation on …
based creole and the "basilectal Vernacular English of St. Lucia". This paper examines language variation on the Panamanian island of Bastimentos where an English-based creole is in contact …

DOCUMENT RESUME - files.eric.ed.gov
nature of Kriol is a creole language that has remained in contact with the languages from which it developed around the turn of the century (Sandefur 1981b). It is technically classified as an …

Guest Editor’s Preface: Dutch-Based Creoles
studies of English-based creoles—which dominate modern creolistics— with a point of comparison within the typological paradigm of Germanic languages. Dutch is comparable with …

English and Creole in Jamaica A brief linguistic sketch - CORE
The basilect is a mostly rural Creole, while the mesolect is a systematic but variable Creole grammar incorporating elements of English structure (88-89). 4 The oral nature of JC can be …

Jamai c an P atoi s - Archive.org
Jul 28, 2020 · called Jamaican Creole by linguists, is an English-based creole language with West African influences (a majority of loan words of Akan origin)[4] spoken primarily in Jamaica and …

The Bahamas - Commonwealth Chamber of Commerce
the Bahamas: Bahamian Creole or Bahamian English, which is spoken by most people, and Haitian Creole, which is spoken by about 25% of the population. One is an English-based …

Inglés criollo limonense - ResearchGate
viewpoint about this language is given from the personal experience of a native speaker of it. Keywords: English-based Creole lan-guages, languages in contact, limonese Creole English,, …

The legacy of Sea Island Creole English: Sociolinguistic …
English-based creoles, language contacts. Introduction It is known that for decades pidgin and creole were mostly treated as inferior lan-guages or distorted versions of “higher,” usually …

Language Contact in Colombia
Sanandresano, the vehicular language here in informal conversations, is an English-based creole that developed in the seventeenth century and emerged after a process of language contact …

REBUBLIC OF TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO MINISTRY OF …
He/she is as model of English language competence. ... Standard English and the Trinidad and Tobago dialect or English-based Creole. The vast majority of children in our primary school …

Coordinator of Bilingual/ESL And Foreign Language Programs
English used in their society, but may be unfamiliar with the Standard American English. Others primarily use an English ­based Creole or a language other than English as their primary …

English Language - gradesuk
English-based creole language used in Singapore. Singapore Adopts Shiok Tactics To Improve English, Drop Singlish SINGAPORE – Phua Chu Kang, one of the most popular TV characters …

Jamaican Patois Dictionary Copy - pivotid.uvu.edu
JamPatoisNLI: A Jamaican Patois Natural Language … WEB3 Jamaican Patois 3.1 Description of the Language Jamaican Patois (or Jamaican Creole) is an English-based creole spoken by …

Historic Low Prestige and Seeds of Change: Attitudes …
lexical items resembled English ones, there was no reason to think it might be anything other than English.4 Language-internal clues also corroborate the low prestige of JC. The language …

Issues and Implications of English Dialects for Teaching …
speakers of English dialects.5 Yet language prejudice persists: Even among creole speakers there is the view that creoles are deficient versions of English. To meet the language …

The Handbook of Pidgin and Creole Studies
21 Pidgins/Creoles and African American English 512 Arthur K. Spears 22 Spanish-Based Creoles in the Caribbean 543 John M. Lipski Part V Pidgins/Creoles in Society 565 23 Pidgins/Creoles …

Issues and Implications of English Dialects for Teaching …
speakers of English dialects.5 Yet language prejudice persists: Even among creole speakers there is the view that creoles are deficient versions of English. To meet the language …

LANGUAGE VARIETIES: PIDGINS AND CREOLES
language which most of the vocabulary of a pidgin is borrowed from (Versteegh, 2008: 161). These dominant languages are called superstrate languages. In the Papua New Guinea …

What Language Is Spoken In The Bahamas
One is an English-based Creole language and the … What Language Do They Speak in the Bahamas? - Lingocat In the Bahamas, the predominant language spoken is English, which is …

L e e w ar d C ar i b b e an C re ol e E n gl i s h - Archive.org
Jul 26, 2020 · Leeward Caribbean Creole English , is an English-based creole language consisting of several varieties spoken in the Leeward Islands, namely the countries of Antigua …

Language, identity, and insider/outsider positionality in …
3.2 Language and identity in colonial/creole contexts One of the most palpable legacies of British colonization is the prevailing Discourse of the stigmatization of creole as “broken English ...

Creole-Speaking Countries and their Populations* - Free
(English-based creoles) Haiti 27,750 7,000,000 Port-au-Prince Haitian Creole, French Louisiana 235,675 4,000,000 Baton Rouge English, Louisiana Creole (residual), Cajun ... English, …

English to Creole and Creole to English Rule Based …
(MT) system that translates English sentences to Mauritian Creole language and vice-versa. The system uses the rule based machine translation approach to perform translation. It takes as …

Advanced Level English Language - Save My Exams
Jun 8, 2016 · English-based creole language used in Singapore. Singapore Adopts Shiok Tactics To Improve English, Drop Singlish SINGAPORE – Phua Chu Kang, one of the most popular …