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| equality of condition sociology: Equality and Achievement Cornelius H. Riordan, 2004 This concise introduction to the sociology of education demonstrates that differences between and within schools, homes, and peer groups are related in systemic ways to differences in educational outcomes. Addressing both empirical data and important theoretical concepts, it explores the impact that equality and achievement can have on academic success. Extensive coverage of thought-provoking topics, such as school size, tracking, reform and restructuring, youth cultures, parental involvement, and single parent households. The author examines equality and achievement in education, methodological issues, differences between homes, differences between schools, differences within schools, group differences and maximizing achievement and equality. For individuals interested in a concise introduction to sociology of education. |
| equality of condition sociology: American Ideas of Equality Carl L Bankston, 2021-02-26 Equality is a fundamental American value. The nation's Declaration of Independence declared equality as a self-evident foundation for political life and the pursuit of equality has continued to dominate policy debates in the twenty-first century. However, equality is a complex idea and it has had different meanings in different eras. Using a variety of data sources, this book describes how the views we hold regarding this fundamental national value developed as products of our cultural history from the origins of the American republic to 2020. It traces how cultural transmission, political and economic structures, and communication technology have shaped this core American value. The book begins with the early days of the American republic and follows ideological changes through the era of the self-made man, the rise of corporate society, the New Deal, the post-World War II era, and the era of Civil Rights. It ends with a detailed discussion of how this history has resulted in some of the most divisive political and social controversies of the twenty-first century. Most studies of equality have taken this as having a single, clear meaning. Most often, this has been either how much equality of opportunity exists now or has existed in the past, or how much equality of condition exists now or has existed in the past. They rarely consider that people can be equal or unequal in different ways, and that what we mean when we talk about equality or engage in debates about it has been shaped by historical experience. This book is a work of historical sociology that examines the forces that have shaped and re-shaped this fundamental cultural value. The book leads readers through an exploration of how different stages of American history have led to thinking about equality in terms of independence from hierarchy, the opportunity for self-creation, access to services and resources, widespread upward mobility, and equality across social categories. It takes a unique multidisciplinary approach, combining intellectual and cultural history with political, economic, and sociological analysis. No other book offers this kind of analysis of the both the historical origins and contemporary consequences of a cultural concept at the core of American national life. American Ideas of Equality will be a valuable resource for academic researchers, students, and general readers interested in American studies; cultural, economic, and political history; political science; and sociology. |
| equality of condition sociology: Social Inequality in Canada Alan Stewart Frizzell, Jon H. Pammett, 1996 Social Inequality in Canada brings a comparative perspective to the question of the uniqueness of Canadian society. Do Canadians believe they can succeed on the basis of their own abilities? And how do they compare with Americans, Germans, Italians, Australians and Russians? There is much debate as to how Canadians differ from or resemble citizens of other countries, particularly the United States. |
| equality of condition sociology: Equality John Baker, K. Lynch, Sara Cantillon, Judy Walsh, 2016-05-23 How can egalitarian ideals be put into action? This ground-breaking book sets out a new interdisciplinary model for equality studies. Integrating normative questions about the ideal of equality with empirical issues about the nature of inequality, it applies a new framework to a wide range of contemporary inequalities. Proposing far-reaching changes in the economy, politics, law, education and research practices, it sets out innovative political strategies for achieving those aims. It is an invaluable resource for both academics and activists. |
| equality of condition sociology: On Inequality Harry G. Frankfurt, 2015-09-29 From the author of the #1 New York Times bestseller On Bullshit, the case for worrying less about the rich and more about the poor Economic inequality is one of the most divisive issues of our time. Yet few would argue that inequality is a greater evil than poverty. The poor suffer because they don't have enough, not because others have more, and some have far too much. So why do many people appear to be more distressed by the rich than by the poor? In this provocative book, the #1 New York Times bestselling author of On Bullshit presents a compelling and unsettling response to those who believe that the goal of social justice should be economic equality or less inequality. Harry Frankfurt, one of the most influential moral philosophers in the world, argues that we are morally obligated to eliminate poverty—not achieve equality or reduce inequality. Our focus should be on making sure everyone has a sufficient amount to live a decent life. To focus instead on inequality is distracting and alienating. At the same time, Frankfurt argues that the conjunction of vast wealth and poverty is offensive. If we dedicate ourselves to making sure everyone has enough, we may reduce inequality as a side effect. But it’s essential to see that the ultimate goal of justice is to end poverty, not inequality. A serious challenge to cherished beliefs on both the political left and right, On Inequality promises to have a profound impact on one of the great debates of our time. |
| equality of condition sociology: Communities in Action National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Health and Medicine Division, Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice, Committee on Community-Based Solutions to Promote Health Equity in the United States, 2017-04-27 In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome. |
| equality of condition sociology: Inequality of Opportunity Juan Gabriel Rodríguez, 2011-10-12 Eight papers, both theoretical and applied, on the concept of equality of opportunity which says that a society should guarantee its members equal access to advantage regardless of their circumstances, while holding them responsible for turning that access into actual advantage by the application of effort. |
| equality of condition sociology: Social Stratification and Inequality Harold R. Kerbo, 2003 Harold Kerbo continues to provide a comprehensive, up-to-date exploration of the economic and social divisions in human societies. While the book is grounded in the nature of social stratification in the United States, this edition maintains a commitment to keeping a global perspective. Extensive comparative information, as well as an overview of how, historically, social stratification has changed and evolved, gives readers a global perspective on class conflict. Praised for its thorough research and scholarship, Social Stratification and Inequality includes current statistics and the latest trends in the field. |
| equality of condition sociology: The Society of Equals Pierre Rosanvallon, 2013-11-04 Since the 1980s, society’s wealthiest members have claimed an ever-expanding share of income and property. It has been a true counterrevolution, says Pierre Rosanvallon—the end of the age of growing equality launched by the American and French revolutions. And just as significant as the social and economic factors driving this contemporary inequality has been a loss of faith in the ideal of equality itself. An ambitious transatlantic history of the struggles that, for two centuries, put political and economic equality at their heart, The Society of Equals calls for a new philosophy of social relations to reenergize egalitarian politics. For eighteenth-century revolutionaries, equality meant understanding human beings as fundamentally alike and then creating universal political and economic rights. Rosanvallon sees the roots of today’s crisis in the period 1830–1900, when industrialized capitalism threatened to quash these aspirations. By the early twentieth century, progressive forces had begun to rectify some imbalances of the Gilded Age, and the modern welfare state gradually emerged from Depression-era reforms. But new economic shocks in the 1970s began a slide toward inequality that has only gained momentum in the decades since. There is no returning to the days of the redistributive welfare state, Rosanvallon says. Rather than resort to outdated notions of social solidarity, we must instead revitalize the idea of equality according to principles of singularity, reciprocity, and communality that more accurately reflect today’s realities. |
| equality of condition sociology: How to Make Opportunity Equal Paul Gomberg, 2007-06-25 HOW TO MAKE OPPORTUNITY EQUAL “Paul Gomberg makes a powerful and provocative case that real equality of opportunity can only be achieved by overturning the social division of labor that unfairly handicaps not just blacks but the working class in general.” —Charles W. Mills, University of Illinois at Chicago “An important and original contribution to contemporary debates about justice in political philosophy; an accessible introduction to those debates for students and the lay reader; and a powerful and important challenge to policymakers, educators and employers, to think hard about their responsibilities for enabling people to lead flourishing lives.” —Harry Brighouse, University of Wisconsin-Madison “In this impressive book, Paul Gomberg argues ardently, with great optimism, and with philosophical and sociological sophistication, for a radical new theory of egalitarian justice.” —David Copp, University of Florida Distributive injustices such as low pay, inferior healthcare and housing, as well as diminished opportunities in school continue to blight the lives of millions of the urban poor in America and beyond. This book announces a new theory of justice. Paul Gomberg: focuses on how race and class structure unequal life prospects shows how human society can be organized in a way that does not socialize children for lives of routine labor maintains that true equality of opportunity comes only when all labor, both routine and complex, is shared proposes a new paradigm for the theory of justice. While Rawls, Sen, Nozick, and Walzer conceive justice as addressing how various goods are fairly obtained or distributed, Gomberg argues that justice in distribution must advance contributive opportunities and duties. On Gomberg’s contributive theory of justice, each person contributes to society not for individual material gain, but from a sense of what is required in order to build just relations with others. Passionate and radical, but rigorously argued, this book makes a vital and original contribution to philosophy and social thought. |
| equality of condition sociology: A Theory of Justice John RAWLS, 2009-06-30 Though the revised edition of A Theory of Justice, published in 1999, is the definitive statement of Rawls's view, so much of the extensive literature on Rawls's theory refers to the first edition. This reissue makes the first edition once again available for scholars and serious students of Rawls's work. |
| equality of condition sociology: Sociology for the South George Fitzhugh, 1854 Sociology for the South: Or, The Failure of Free Society by George Fitzhugh, first published in 1854, is a rare manuscript, the original residing in one of the great libraries of the world. This book is a reproduction of that original, which has been scanned and cleaned by state-of-the-art publishing tools for better readability and enhanced appreciation. Restoration Editors' mission is to bring long out of print manuscripts back to life. Some smudges, annotations or unclear text may still exist, due to permanent damage to the original work. We believe the literary significance of the text justifies offering this reproduction, allowing a new generation to appreciate it. |
| equality of condition sociology: Gender Inequality and Welfare States in Europe Mary Daly, 2020-02-28 Gender equality has been one of the defining projects of European welfarestates. It has proven an elusive goal, not just because of political opposition but also due to a lack of clarity in how to best frame equality and take account of family-related considerations. This wide-ranging book assembles the most pertinent literature and evidence to provide a critical understanding of how contemporary state policies engage with gender inequalities. |
| equality of condition sociology: Equality and Economy Michael Blim, 2004-12-01 Anthropologist Michael Blim identifies equality as the key global issue of our time, the value above all others that will improve human well-being. Using it as a measure for policy, he demonstrates how equality can be operationalized and change how our economies function, both in the United States and worldwide. The author argues for the development of universal welfare remedies, believing that such fundamental problems of human existence can only be solved by utilizing the full resources of the planet. He analyzes successful attempts by regions, communities, and social movements around the world to improve the human condition. Equality and Economy creates a foundation for social science inquiry and critical thinking, particularly about global justice and transnational issues. It is valuable for instructors in anthropology, development and labor studies, sociology and political science. |
| equality of condition sociology: From Vienna to Chicago and Back Gerald Stourzh, 2010-02-15 Spanning both the history of the modern West and his own five-decade journey as a historian, Gerald Stourzh’s sweeping new essay collection covers the same breadth of topics that has characterized his career—from Benjamin Franklin to Gustav Mahler, from Alexis de Tocqueville to Charles Beard, from the notion of constitution in seventeenth-century England to the concept of neutrality in twentieth-century Austria. This storied career brought him in the 1950s from the University of Vienna to the University of Chicago—of which he draws a brilliant picture—and later took him to Berlin and eventually back to Austria. One of the few prominent scholars equally at home with U.S. history and the history of central Europe, Stourzh has informed these geographically diverse experiences and subjects with the overarching themes of his scholarly achievement: the comparative study of liberal constitutionalism and the struggle for equal rights at the core of Western notions of free government. Composed between 1953 and 2005 and including a new autobiographical essay written especially for this volume, From Vienna to Chicago and Back will delight Stourzh fans, attract new admirers, and make an important contribution to transatlantic history. |
| equality of condition sociology: Ageing, Diversity and Equality Sue Westwood, 2019 Ageing, Diversity and Equality challenges and provoke the above described normativity and offer an alternative approach which highlights the heterogeneity and diversity of ageing, associated inequalities and their intersections. |
| equality of condition sociology: The Oxford Handbook of Political Philosophy David Estlund, 2012-07-19 This volume includes 22 new pieces by leading political philosophers, on traditional issues (such as authority and equality) and emerging issues (such as race, and money in politics). The pieces are clear and accessible will interest both students and scholars working in philosophy, political science, law, economics, and more. |
| equality of condition sociology: Thinking Sociologically Zygmunt Bauman, Tim May, 2014-10-01 In this lucid, stimulating and original book, Zygmunt Bauman and Tim May explore the underlying assumptions and tacit expectations which structure our view of the world. The authors elucidate key concepts in sociology: for example, individualism versus community, and privilege versus deprivation. While charting a course through sociology's main concerns, Bauman and May also examine the applicability of sociology to everyday life. |
| equality of condition sociology: The Illusion of Freedom and Equality Richard Stivers, 2008-07-16 Explores how Enlightenment values have been transformed in a technological civilization. |
| equality of condition sociology: The Study of Sociology Herbert Spencer, 1874 |
| equality of condition sociology: Liberty, Equality, Democracy Eduardo Nolla, 1996-07 This volumes explores the whole range of Alexis Tocqueville's ideas, from his political, literary and sociological theories to his concept of history, his religious beliefs, and his philosophical doctrines. Among the topics considered are: Tocqueville's beliefs about foreign policy as applied to American democracy; Tocqueville and Machiavelli on the art of being free; Tocqueville and the historical sociology of state; virtue and politics in Tocqueville; Tocqueville's debt to Rousseau and Pascal; Tocqueville's analysis of the role of religion in preserving American democracy; Tocqueville and American literary critics; and Tocqueville and the postmodern refusal of history. The different approaches to Tocqueville's classical work represented in this book, combined with the frequent use of unpublished sources, present a fresh and renewed vision of his classic Democracy in America, reinforcing after a century and a half its reputation as the most modern, provocative, and profound attempt to explain the nature of democracy. Contributing to the volume are: Pierre Birnbaum (University of Sorbonne), Herbert Dittgen (University of Goettingen), Joseph Alulis (Lake Forest College), Dalmacio Negro (Universidad Complutense, Madrid), Peter A. Lawler (Berry College), Catherine Zuckert (Carleton College), Francesco de Sanctis (Naples University), Hugh Brogan (University of Essex), Cushing Strout (Cornell University), Gisela Schlueter (Universitaet Hannover), Roger Boesche (Occidental College), Edward T. Gargan (University of Wisconsin), and James T. Schleifer (College of New Rochelle). |
| equality of condition sociology: The Second Shift Arlie Hochschild, Anne Machung, 2012-01-31 An updated edition of a standard in its field that remains relevant more than thirty years after its original publication. Over thirty years ago, sociologist and University of California, Berkeley professor Arlie Hochschild set off a tidal wave of conversation and controversy with her bestselling book, The Second Shift. Hochschild's examination of life in dual-career housholds finds that, factoring in paid work, child care, and housework, working mothers put in one month of labor more than their spouses do every year. Updated for a workforce that is now half female, this edition cites a range of updated studies and statistics, with an afterword from Hochschild that addresses how far working mothers have come since the book's first publication, and how much farther we all still must go. |
| equality of condition sociology: Some Principles of Stratification Kingsley Davis, 1972 |
| equality of condition sociology: Deceptive Distinctions Cynthia Fuchs Epstein, 1988 Argues that previous sociological work has been biased against women, discusses gender roles and social structure, and looks at public perceptions of women. |
| equality of condition sociology: Elites and the Idea of Equality Sidney Verba, 1987 What equality means in three modern democracies, both to leaders of important groups and to challengers of the status quo, is the subject of this wide-ranging canvass of perceptions and policy. It is based on extensive questionnaire data gathered from leaders in various segments of society in each countrybusiness, labor unions, farm organizations, political parties, the media-as well as from groups that are seeking greater equalityfeminists, black leaders in the United States, leaders of the Burakumin in Japan. The authors describe the extent to which the same meanings of equality exist, both within and across nations, and locate the areas of consensus and conflict over equality. No other book has compared data of this sort for these purposes. The authors address several major substantive and theoretical issues: the role of values in relation to egalitarian outcomes; the comparison of values and perceptions about equality in economics (income equality) and politics (equality of influence); and the difference among the nations in the ways political institutions affect the incorporation of new demands for equality into the policymaking process. They pay particular attention to how policy is set on issues of gender equality. This book will be controversial, for some see no room in the understanding of political economy for the analysis of values. It will be consulted by a general audience interested in politics and culture as well as by social scientists. Elites and the Idea of Equality is an informative sequel to Equality in America by Sidney Verba and Gary R. Orren (Harvard University Press), which considers similar topics in a national context. |
| equality of condition sociology: Classical Sociological Theory Craig Calhoun, Joseph Gerteis, James Moody, Steven Pfaff, Indermohan Virk, 2012-01-17 This comprehensive collection of classical sociological theory is a definitive guide to the roots of sociology from its undisciplined beginnings to its current influence on contemporary sociological debate. Explores influential works of Marx, Durkheim, Weber, Mead, Simmel, Freud, Du Bois, Adorno, Marcuse, Parsons, and Merton Editorial introductions lend historical and intellectual perspective to the substantial readings Includes a new section with new readings on the immediate pre-history of sociological theory, including the Enlightenment and de Tocqueville Individual reading selections are updated throughout |
| equality of condition sociology: Bourgeois Equality Deirdre N. McCloskey, 2017-10-13 The last 200 years have witnessed a 100-fold leap in well-being. Deirdre McCloskey argues that most people today are stunningly better off than their forbearers were in 1800, and that the rest of humanity will soon be. A purely materialist, incentivist view of economic change does not explain this leap. We have now the third in McCloskey's three-volume opus about how bourgeois values transformed Europe. Volume 3 nails the case for that transfiguration, telling us how aristocratic virtues of hierarchy were replaced by bourgeois virtues (more precisely, by attitudes toward virtues) that made it possible for ordinary folk with novel ideas to change the way people, farmed, manufactured, traveled, ruled themselves, and fought. It is a dramatic story, and joins a dramatic debate opened up by Thomas Piketty in his best-selling Capital in the 21st Century. McCloskey insists that economists are far too preoccupied by capital and saving, arguing against the position (of Piketty and most others) that capital induces a tendency to get more, that money reproduces itself, that riches are created from riches. Not so, our intrepid McCloskey shows. Bill Gates and Steve Jobs, among the biggest wealth accumulators in our era, didn't get rich through the magic of compound interest on capital. They got rich through intellectual property, creating billions of dollars from virtually nothing. Capital was no more important an ingredient to the original Apple or Microsoft than cookies or cucumbers. The debate is between those who think riches are created from riches versus those who, with McCloskey, think riches are created from rags, between those who see profits as a generous return on capital, or profits coming from innovation that ultimately benefits us all. |
| equality of condition sociology: Introduction to Sociology 2e Nathan J. Keirns, Heather Griffiths, Eric Strayer, Susan Cody-Rydzewski, Gail Scaramuzzo, Sally Vyain, Tommy Sadler, Jeff D. Bry, Faye Jones, 2015-03-17 This text is intended for a one-semester introductory course.--Page 1. |
| equality of condition sociology: Education and the Social Condition (RLE Edu L) Harold Silver, 2012-05-16 This book reviews the educational experience of the 1960s and 1970s and to suggest ways of approaching major contemporary themes such as equality, accountability and standards. The author underlines a nineteenth and twentieth-century sociological tradition in analysing education and covers a range of educational themes including aspects of schooling and higher education, education as social policy, knowledge as power, and teaching and adolescence. He draws on the social history of many of the processes, concepts and debates. Parts of the book derive from research into the history and contemporary forms of these problems in the USA. The volume therefore illuminates important contemporary issues in education and society by using historical, sociological and comparative insights. |
| equality of condition sociology: The Spirit Level Richard Wilkinson, Kate Pickett, 2011-05-03 It is common knowledge that, in rich societies, the poor have worse health and suffer more from almost every social problem. This book explains why inequality is the most serious problem societies face today. |
| equality of condition sociology: The Principles of Ethics Herbert Spencer, 1892 |
| equality of condition sociology: Equality in Education Kathleen Lynch, 1999 A text for students of education and sociology with up-to-date data on equality in education in Ireland |
| equality of condition sociology: Poverty in the Philippines Asian Development Bank, 2009-12-01 Against the backdrop of the global financial crisis and rising food, fuel, and commodity prices, addressing poverty and inequality in the Philippines remains a challenge. The proportion of households living below the official poverty line has declined slowly and unevenly in the past four decades, and poverty reduction has been much slower than in neighboring countries such as the People's Republic of China, Indonesia, Thailand, and Viet Nam. Economic growth has gone through boom and bust cycles, and recent episodes of moderate economic expansion have had limited impact on the poor. Great inequality across income brackets, regions, and sectors, as well as unmanaged population growth, are considered some of the key factors constraining poverty reduction efforts. This publication analyzes the causes of poverty and recommends ways to accelerate poverty reduction and achieve more inclusive growth. it also provides an overview of current government responses, strategies, and achievements in the fight against poverty and identifies and prioritizes future needs and interventions. The analysis is based on current literature and the latest available data, including the 2006 Family Income and Expenditure Survey. |
| equality of condition sociology: The Oxford Handbook of Freedom David Schmidtz, Carmen Pavel, 2018-02-01 We speak of being 'free' to speak our minds, free to go to college, free to move about; we can be cancer-free, debt-free, worry-free, or free from doubt. The concept of freedom (and relatedly the notion of liberty) is ubiquitous but not everyone agrees what the term means, and the philosophical analysis of freedom that has grown over the last two decades has revealed it to be a complex notion whose meaning is dependent on the context. The Oxford Handbook of Freedom will crystallize this work and craft the first wide-ranging analysis of freedom in all its dimensions: legal, cultural, religious, economic, political, and psychological. This volume includes 28 new essays by well regarded philosophers, as well some historians and political theorists, in order to reflect the breadth of the topic. This handbook covers both current scholarship as well as historical trends, with an overall eye to how current ideas on freedom developed. The volume is divided into six sections: conceptual frames (framing the overall debates about freedom), historical frames (freedom in key historical periods, from the ancients onward), institutional frames (freedom and the law), cultural frames (mutual expectations on our 'right' to be free), economic frames (freedom and the market), and lastly psychological frames (free will in philosophy and psychology). |
| equality of condition sociology: Processes of Prejudice Dominic Abrams, Great Britain. Equality and Human Rights Commission, 2010 |
| equality of condition sociology: The Killing Fields of Inequality Göran Therborn, 2014-01-15 Inequality is not just about the size of our wallets. It is a socio-cultural order which, for most of us, reduces our capabilities to function as human beings, our health, our dignity, our sense of self, as well as our resources to act and participate in the world. This book shows that inequality is literally a killing field, with millions of people dying premature deaths because of it. These lethal effects of inequality operate not only in the poor world, but also, and increasingly, in rich countries, as Therborn demonstrates with data ranging from the US, the UK, Finland and elsewhere. Even when they survive inequality, millions of human lives are stunted by the humiliations and degradations of inequality linked to gender, race and ethnicity, and class. But this book is about experiences of equalization too, highlighting moments and processes of equalization in different parts of the world - from India and other parts of Asia, from the Americas, as well as from Europe. South Africa illustrates the toughest challenges. The killing fields of inequality can be avoided: this book shows how. Clear, succinct, wide-ranging in scope and empirical in its approach, this timely book by one of the world’s leading social scientists will appeal to a wide readership. |
| equality of condition sociology: The Equality Effect Dorling Danny, 2018-12-11 The Equality Effect is almost magical. In more equal countries, human beings are generally happier and healthier, there is less crime, more creativity and higher educational attainment. Danny Dorling delivers all evidence that is now so overwhelming that it should be changing politics and society all over the world. For the past four decades, many countries, including the US and the UK, have chosen the path to greater inequality on the assumption that there is no alternative. Yet even under globalization, other nations continue to take a different road. The time will come when The Equality Effect will be as readily accepted as women voting or former colonies gaining independence—and it will come very soon. From one of the world's top social scientists comes a compelling argument for public policy to prioritize equality, fully-evidenced with statistics and sprinkled with black and white illustrations. Most importantly, he demonstrates where greater equality is currently to be found, and how we can set The Equality Effect in motion everywhere. Danny Dorling is a social geographer and the Halford Mackinder Professor of Geography at the University of Oxford. His work concerns issues of housing, health, employment, education and poverty. He has written extensively about the widening gap between rich and poor and his work regularly appears in the media.He is author The No-Nonsense Guide to Equality; The Atlas of the Real World; Unequal Health; Inequality and the 1%, and Injustice: Why social inequalities persist. His views are often sought by policy makers. |
| equality of condition sociology: We Have Never Been Modern Bruno Latour, 2012-10-01 With the rise of science, we moderns believe, the world changed irrevocably, separating us forever from our primitive, premodern ancestors. But if we were to let go of this fond conviction, Bruno Latour asks, what would the world look like? His book, an anthropology of science, shows us how much of modernity is actually a matter of faith. What does it mean to be modern? What difference does the scientific method make? The difference, Latour explains, is in our careful distinctions between nature and society, between human and thing, distinctions that our benighted ancestors, in their world of alchemy, astrology, and phrenology, never made. But alongside this purifying practice that defines modernity, there exists another seemingly contrary one: the construction of systems that mix politics, science, technology, and nature. The ozone debate is such a hybrid, in Latour’s analysis, as are global warming, deforestation, even the idea of black holes. As these hybrids proliferate, the prospect of keeping nature and culture in their separate mental chambers becomes overwhelming—and rather than try, Latour suggests, we should rethink our distinctions, rethink the definition and constitution of modernity itself. His book offers a new explanation of science that finally recognizes the connections between nature and culture—and so, between our culture and others, past and present. Nothing short of a reworking of our mental landscape, We Have Never Been Modern blurs the boundaries among science, the humanities, and the social sciences to enhance understanding on all sides. A summation of the work of one of the most influential and provocative interpreters of science, it aims at saving what is good and valuable in modernity and replacing the rest with a broader, fairer, and finer sense of possibility. |
| equality of condition sociology: Equality of Opportunity John E. Roemer, 2009-07-01 John Roemer points out that there are two views of equality of opportunity that are widely held today. The first, which he calls the nondiscrimination principle, states that in the competition for positions in society, individuals should be judged only on attributes relevant to the performance of the duties of the position in question. Attributes such as race or sex should not be taken into account. The second states that society should do what it can to level the playing field among persons who compete for positions, especially during their formative years, so that all those who have the relevant potential attributes can be considered. Common to both positions is that at some point the principle of equal opportunity holds individuals accountable for achievements of particular objectives, whether they be education, employment, health, or income. Roemer argues that there is consequently a before and an after in the notion of equality of opportunity: before the competition starts, opportunities must be equalized, by social intervention if need be; but after it begins, individuals are on their own. The different views of equal opportunity should be judged according to where they place the starting gate which separates before from after. Roemer works out in a precise way how to determine the location of the starting gate in the different views. |
| equality of condition sociology: Spheres Of Justice Michael Walzer, 2008-08-05 The distinguished political philosopher and author of the widely acclaimed Just and Unjust Wars analyzes how society distributes not just wealth and power but other social “goods” like honor, education, work, free time—even love. |
Liberal equality versus equality of condition : conflicting
and Equality of Condition . At the most general level, liberal egalitarianism assumes that there will be major inequalities in the conditions of people’s lives, but tries to make those inequalities as …
2 Dimensions of Equality: A Framework for Theory and Action
comparing liberal egalitarianism and equality of condition in each the five dimensions. Towards the end of chapter we outline how this nor mative framework can be applied to different social …
Equality: From Theory to Action - JSTOR
The book is in three parts. Part One, 'The New Equality Agenda', deals with the theory of equality. It sets out the case for a radical understanding of equality based on the idea of equality of …
BLOCK 2 EQUALITY - eGyanKosh
BLOCK 2 EQUALITY Concept of equality and its various dimensions are covered in Block 2. Equality has been established in two forms in modern societies. The first is equality of …
Equality Of Condition Sociology - staging-gambit2.uschess.org
Equality Of Condition Sociology: Equality John Baker,K. Lynch,Sara Cantillon,Judy Walsh,2016-05-23 How can egalitarian ideals be put into action This ground breaking book sets out a new …
5. Stratification and Mobility - Sleepy Classes IAS
Peter Saunders distinguishes between three types of equality 1) Formal equality (all members of society are subjected to same laws and rules but that does not imply that everybody ends up …
What is Social Equality? An Analysis of Status Equality as a
As the notion of social equality is neglected, and thus we need to start analysing social equality from the ground up, this paper will focus on asking and providing in-depth answers to two …
Development Strategy and Policy Analysis Unit Department of …
Equality of outcome describes a state in which people have similar economic conditions. While inequality in terms of opportunity is defined on an ex-ante basis and is concerned with
Social Mobility and Equality of Opportunity Geary Lecture …
In discussions of inequality by philosophers and social scientists, a distinction is commonly made between two kinds of equality: “equality of outcomes (or condition)” and “equality of …
Equality(meaning, dimensions and relationship between …
CONCEPT OF EQUALITY Equality is one of the basic pillars of democracy. Due to the tradition of slavery in the ancient times, equality had no importance. But in 18th century, specially after the …
The Centrality of Equality: Equality and Other Values - Springer
We argued in Chapter 2 that equality is a complex idea, with five key dimensions, and we distinguished between basic equality, liberal egalitar-ianism and equality of condition.
UNIT 5 EQUALITY - eGyanKosh
Modern societies are committed to the principle of equality and they no longer require inequality as automatically justifiable. The principle of equality enunciated by the American and French …
Equality of What? - Springer
The assessment of the “equality of what?” debate must contain at least two dimensions: (1) which metric is best able to achieve a valuable type of equality as part of a theory of justice; and (2) …
Equality of Opportunity and Equality of Outcome - ed
The purpose of the present article is to show that equality of opportunity and equality of outcomes are two diferent types of equality. If they are diferent, the interpretation that Coleman has …
The Meaning of Equality - Hoover Institution
Equality is now understood as intrinsic to the human condition. It is the special respect in which all human beings are in fact equal (descriptive). Christians drew both on Stoic doctrine and the …
CHAPTER - 5 STRATIFICATION & MOBILITY - IAS score
Equality refers to the condition of absence of privileges. Peter Saunders distinguishes between three types of equality- Formal or legal equality - all members of the society are subject to the …
Equality of Opportunity and Differences in Social …
equality of opportunity could be secured even when some people's social circumstances, such as the economic class into which they are born, effec-tively prevent them from obtaining the …
Equality of opportunity: theory, measurement and policy
In this report we present the Equality of opportunity approach, clarifying its theoretical foundations and empirical implications, and develop policy implications especially in the area of human …
Liberal equality versus equality of condition : conflicting
and Equality of Condition . At the most general level, liberal egalitarianism assumes that there will be major inequalities in the conditions of people’s lives, but tries to make those inequalities as …
Title Publication Sage Publications - NCCA
this paper, we define equality in a robust sense as ‘equality of condition’. The most general way of defining equality of condition is simply to say that it is the belief that people should be as equal …
2 Dimensions of Equality: A Framework for Theory and Action …
comparing liberal egalitarianism and equality of condition in each the five dimensions. Towards the end of chapter we outline how this nor mative framework can be applied to different social …
Equality: From Theory to Action - JSTOR
The book is in three parts. Part One, 'The New Equality Agenda', deals with the theory of equality. It sets out the case for a radical understanding of equality based on the idea of equality of …
BLOCK 2 EQUALITY - eGyanKosh
BLOCK 2 EQUALITY Concept of equality and its various dimensions are covered in Block 2. Equality has been established in two forms in modern societies. The first is equality of …
Equality Of Condition Sociology - staging …
Equality Of Condition Sociology: Equality John Baker,K. Lynch,Sara Cantillon,Judy Walsh,2016-05-23 How can egalitarian ideals be put into action This ground breaking book sets out a new …
5. Stratification and Mobility - Sleepy Classes IAS
Peter Saunders distinguishes between three types of equality 1) Formal equality (all members of society are subjected to same laws and rules but that does not imply that everybody ends up …
What is Social Equality? An Analysis of Status Equality as a
As the notion of social equality is neglected, and thus we need to start analysing social equality from the ground up, this paper will focus on asking and providing in-depth answers to two …
Development Strategy and Policy Analysis Unit Department of …
Equality of outcome describes a state in which people have similar economic conditions. While inequality in terms of opportunity is defined on an ex-ante basis and is concerned with
Social Mobility and Equality of Opportunity Geary Lecture …
In discussions of inequality by philosophers and social scientists, a distinction is commonly made between two kinds of equality: “equality of outcomes (or condition)” and “equality of …
Equality(meaning, dimensions and relationship between …
CONCEPT OF EQUALITY Equality is one of the basic pillars of democracy. Due to the tradition of slavery in the ancient times, equality had no importance. But in 18th century, specially after the …
The Centrality of Equality: Equality and Other Values - Springer
We argued in Chapter 2 that equality is a complex idea, with five key dimensions, and we distinguished between basic equality, liberal egalitar-ianism and equality of condition.
UNIT 5 EQUALITY - eGyanKosh
Modern societies are committed to the principle of equality and they no longer require inequality as automatically justifiable. The principle of equality enunciated by the American and French …
Equality of What? - Springer
The assessment of the “equality of what?” debate must contain at least two dimensions: (1) which metric is best able to achieve a valuable type of equality as part of a theory of justice; and (2) …
Equality of Opportunity and Equality of Outcome - ed
The purpose of the present article is to show that equality of opportunity and equality of outcomes are two diferent types of equality. If they are diferent, the interpretation that Coleman has …
The Meaning of Equality - Hoover Institution
Equality is now understood as intrinsic to the human condition. It is the special respect in which all human beings are in fact equal (descriptive). Christians drew both on Stoic doctrine and the …
CHAPTER - 5 STRATIFICATION & MOBILITY - IAS score
Equality refers to the condition of absence of privileges. Peter Saunders distinguishes between three types of equality- Formal or legal equality - all members of the society are subject to the …
Equality of Opportunity and Differences in Social …
equality of opportunity could be secured even when some people's social circumstances, such as the economic class into which they are born, effec-tively prevent them from obtaining the …
Equality of opportunity: theory, measurement and policy
In this report we present the Equality of opportunity approach, clarifying its theoretical foundations and empirical implications, and develop policy implications especially in the area of human …
